View source for Wyoming

{{short description|U.S. state}}
{{About|the U.S. state}}
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{{Use mdy dates|date = February 2025}}
{{Use American English|date=February 2025}}

{{Infobox U.S. state
| name = Wyoming
| image_flag = Flag of Wyoming.svg
| flag_link = Flag of Wyoming
| image_seal = File:Great Seal of the State of Wyoming.svg
| seal_link = Seal of Wyoming
| image_map = Wyoming in United States.svg
| nicknames = Equality State (official);<br />Cowboy State; Big Wyoming<ref name="WyoFacts"/>
| motto = [[Equal Rights (motto)|Equal Rights]]
| anthem = "[[Wyoming (song)|Wyoming]]"<br>[[File:WyomingStateSong_arranged_by_Jack_Ryan_Morris.ogg|center]]
| Former = Wyoming Territory
| seat = [[Cheyenne, Wyoming|Cheyenne]]
| LargestMetro = [[Cheyenne metropolitan area|Cheyenne]]
| LargestCounty = [[Laramie County, Wyoming|Laramie]]
| OfficialLang = [[English language|English]]
| population_demonym = [[List of demonyms for U.S. states#List|Wyomingite, Wyomingian]]
| LargestCity = capital
| Governor = {{nowrap|[[Mark Gordon]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]])}}
| Lieutenant Governor = {{nowrap|[[Chuck Gray (Wyoming politician)|Chuck Gray]] (R)}}
| Lieutenant Governor_alt = [[Secretary of State of Wyoming|Secretary of State]]
| Legislature = [[Wyoming Legislature]]
| Upperhouse = [[Wyoming Senate|Senate]]
| Lowerhouse = [[Wyoming House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]
| Judiciary = [[Wyoming Supreme Court]]
| Senators = {{nowrap|[[John Barrasso]] (R)}}<br />{{nowrap|[[Cynthia Lummis]] (R)}}
| Representative = {{nowrap|[[Harriet Hageman]] (R)}}
| postal_code = WY
| TradAbbreviation = Wyo.
| area_rank = 10th
| area_total_km2 = 253,335
| area_total_sq_mi = 97,813<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2010/geo/state-area.html | title=State Area Measurements and Internal Point Coordinates }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.colorado.gov/|title=Home &#124; colorado.gov|website=www.colorado.gov}}</ref>
| area_water_percent = 0.7
| population_rank = 50th
| population_as_of = 2024
| 2010Pop = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 587,618<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/WY/PST045224|accessdate=January 9, 2025|title=United States Census Quick Facts Wyoming}}</ref>
| population_density_rank = 49th
| 2000DensityUS = 5.97
| 2000Density = 2.28
| MedianHouseholdIncome = ${{round|72415|-2}} (2<span>0</span>23)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2024/demo/acsbr-023.pdf|title=Household Income in States and Metropolitan Areas: 2023|accessdate=January 12, 2025}}</ref>
| IncomeRank = [[List of U.S. states and territories by income#States and territories ranked by median household income|31st]]
| AdmittanceOrder = 44th
| AdmittanceDate = July 10, 1890<ref>CHAP. 664.—An act to provide for the admission of the State of Wyoming into the Union, and for other purposes. {{USStat|26|222}}. Fifty-First US Congress. Approved July 10, 1890.</ref>
| timezone1 = [[Mountain Time Zone|Mountain]]
| utc_offset1 = −07:00
| timezone1_DST = [[Mountain Daylight Time|MDT]]
| utc_offset1_DST = −06:00
| Latitude = [[41st parallel north|41°N]] to [[45th parallel north|45°N]]
| Longitude = 104°3'W to 111°3'W
| length_mi = 371.8
| length_km = 599
| width_mi = 279
| width_km = 451
| elevation_max_point = [[Gannett Peak]]<ref>{{cite ngs |id=OW0356 |designation=Gannett Peak Cairn |access-date=October 24, 2011}}</ref><ref name=USGS>{{cite web |url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |title=Elevations and Distances in the United States |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |year=2001 |access-date=October 24, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722022527/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |archive-date=July 22, 2012}}</ref>{{efn|name=NAVD88|Elevation adjusted to [[North American Vertical Datum of 1988]]}}
| elevation_max_ft = 13,809
| elevation_max_m = 4209.1
| elevation_ft = 6,700
| elevation_m = 2040
| elevation_min_point = [[Belle Fourche River]] at {{nowrap|[[South Dakota]] border}}<ref name=USGS/>{{efn|name=NAVD88}}
| elevation_min_ft = 3,101
| elevation_min_m = 945
| iso_code = US-WY
| website = wyo.gov
| Capital = 
| Representatives = 
}}

'''Wyoming''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=en-us-Wyoming.ogg|w|aɪ|ˈ|oʊ|m|ɪ|ŋ}} {{respell|wye|OH|ming}})<ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Wyoming|accessdate=2024-03-08}}</ref> is a landlocked [[U.S. state|state]] in the [[Mountain states|Mountain West]] subregion of the [[Western United States|Western]] [[United States]]. It borders [[Montana]] to the north and northwest, [[South Dakota]] and [[Nebraska]] to the east, [[Idaho]] to the west, [[Utah]] to the southwest, and [[Colorado]] to the south. With an estimated population of 587,618 as of 2024,<ref name="auto"/> Wyoming is the [[List of U.S. states and territories by population|least populous state]] despite being the [[List of U.S. states and territories by area|tenth-largest by area]], and it has the [[List of U.S. states by population density|second-lowest population density]] after [[Alaska]]. The [[List of capitals in the United States|state capital]] and [[List of municipalities in Wyoming|most populous city]] is [[Cheyenne, Wyoming|Cheyenne]], which had a population of 65,132 in 2020.<ref name=QF/>

Wyoming's western half consists mostly of the ranges and rangelands of the [[Rocky Mountains]]; its eastern half consists of high-elevation [[prairie]], and is referred to as the [[High Plains (United States)|High Plains]]. Wyoming's climate is [[Semi-arid climate|semi-arid]] in some parts and [[continental climate|continental]] in others, making it drier and windier overall than other states, with greater temperature extremes. The [[Federal government of the United States|federal government]] owns just under half of Wyoming's land, generally protecting it for public use. The state ranks sixth in the amount of land—and fifth in the proportion of its land—that is owned by the federal government.<ref name="maineenvironment.org"/> Its federal lands include two national parks ([[Grand Teton National Park|Grand Teton]] and [[Yellowstone National Park|Yellowstone]]), two national recreation areas, two national monuments, and several national forests, as well as historic sites, fish hatcheries, and wildlife refuges.

[[Indigenous peoples]] have inhabited the region for thousands of years. Historic and currently federally recognized tribes include the [[Arapaho]], [[Crow Nation|Crow]], [[Lakota people|Lakota]], and [[Shoshone]]. Part of the land that became Wyoming came under American sovereignty via the [[Louisiana Purchase]], part via the [[Oregon Treaty]], and, lastly, via the [[Mexican Cession]]. With the opening of the [[Oregon Trail]], the [[Mormon Trail]], and the [[California Trail]], vast numbers of pioneers traveled through parts of the state that had once been traversed mainly by fur trappers, and this spurred the establishment of forts, such as [[Fort Laramie National Historic Site|Fort Laramie]], that today serve as population centers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trails across Wyoming: The Oregon, Mormon Pioneer and California Routes {{!}} WyoHistory.org |url=https://www.wyohistory.org/encyclopedia/trails-across-wyoming-oregon-mormon-pioneer-and-california-routes |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=www.wyohistory.org}}</ref> The [[First transcontinental railroad|Transcontinental Railroad]] supplanted the wagon trails in 1867 with a route through southern Wyoming,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Industry, Politics and Power: the Union Pacific in Wyoming {{!}} WyoHistory.org |url=https://www.wyohistory.org/encyclopedia/industry-politics-and-power-union-pacific-wyoming |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=www.wyohistory.org}}</ref> bringing new settlers and the establishment of founding towns, including the state capital of Cheyenne.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cheyenne, Magic City of the Plains {{!}} WyoHistory.org |url=https://www.wyohistory.org/encyclopedia/cheyenne-magic-city-plains |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=www.wyohistory.org}}</ref> On July 10, 1890, Wyoming became the union's 44th state.<ref name="WyoFacts">{{cite web|url=http://www.wyo.gov/about-wyoming/wyoming-facts-and-symbols|title=Wyoming Facts and Symbols|publisher=State of Wyoming|date=2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920053220/http://www.wyo.gov/about-wyoming/wyoming-facts-and-symbols|archive-date=September 20, 2016|url-status=dead|access-date=October 12, 2016}}</ref>

The [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] presidential nominee has carried the state in every election since [[1968 United States presidential election in Wyoming|1968]].<ref name="leip">{{cite web |title = Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections |access-date = November 18, 2016 |url = http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180709214827/https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/ |archive-date = July 9, 2018 |url-status = live }}</ref> [[women's suffrage in Wyoming|Wyoming]] was the first state to allow women the [[Suffrage|right to vote]] doing so since it was territory in 1869, and achieving statehood in 1890. It was also the first state to grant women the right to assume elected office, as well as the first state to elect a female governor, [[Nellie Tayloe Ross]]. In honor of this part of its history, its official nickname is "The Equality State" and its official state motto is "Equal Rights".<ref name="WyoFacts" />

Farming and ranching, and the attendant [[range war]]s, feature prominently in the state's history. Wyoming's economy is largely based on tourism and the extraction of minerals such as [[coal]], [[natural gas]], [[Petroleum|oil]], and [[trona]]. Its agricultural commodities include barley, hay, livestock, [[sugar beet]]s, wheat, and wool. 
Wyoming does not require the beneficial owners of [[limited liability company|LLC]]s to be disclosed in the filing, which creates an opportunity for a [[tax haven]]. Wyoming levies no individual or corporate [[income tax]] and no tax on retirement income.

==Etymology==
The region had acquired the name ''Wyoming'' by 1865 when Representative [[James Mitchell Ashley]] of [[Ohio]] introduced a bill to Congress to provide a "temporary government for [[Wyoming Territory|the territory of Wyoming]]". The territory was named after the [[Wyoming Valley]] in [[Pennsylvania]]. [[Thomas Campbell (poet)|Thomas Campbell]] wrote his 1809 poem "[[Gertrude of Wyoming]]", inspired by the [[Battle of Wyoming]] in the [[American Revolutionary War]]. The name ultimately derives from the Lenape [[Munsee language|Munsee]] word {{lang|umu|xwé:wamənk}} ('at the big river flat').<ref name="Bright, William 2004 pg. 576">Bright, William (2004). ''Native American Place Names of the United States''. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, pg. 576</ref><ref name="State of Wyoming—Narrative">{{Cite web|url=https://www.wyo.gov/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515091433/http://wyoming.gov/general/narrative.asp|url-status=dead|title=State of Wyoming|archivedate=May 15, 2008|website=www.wyo.gov}}</ref>

==History==
{{Main|History of Wyoming}}
[[File:Alfred Jacob Miller - Fort Laramie - Walters 37194049.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|The first [[Fort Laramie]] as it looked before 1840 (painting from memory by Alfred Jacob Miller)|left]]

Several [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] groups originally inhabited the region today known as Wyoming. The [[Crow Nation|Crow]], [[Arapaho]], [[Lakota people|Lakota]], and [[Shoshone]] were but a few of the original inhabitants European explorers encountered when they first visited the region. What is now southwestern Wyoming was claimed by the [[Spanish Empire]], which extended through the Southwest and Mexico. With Mexican independence in 1821, it was considered part of [[Alta California]]. U.S. expansion brought settlers who fought for control. Mexico ceded these territories after its defeat in 1848 in the [[Mexican–American War]].

From the late 18th century, [[French-Canadian]] trappers from Québec and Montréal regularly entered the area for trade with the tribes. French toponyms such as Téton and [[Jacques La Ramee|La Ramie]] are marks of that history.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=The Fur Trade in Wyoming {{!}} WyoHistory.org |url=https://www.wyohistory.org/encyclopedia/fur-trade-wyoming |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=www.wyohistory.org}}</ref>

American [[John Colter]] first recorded a description in English of the region in 1807. He was a member of the [[Lewis and Clark Expedition]], which was guided by French Canadian [[Toussaint Charbonneau]] and his young Shoshone wife, [[Sacagawea]]. At the time, Colter's reports of the [[Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem|Yellowstone]] area were considered fictional.<ref>{{Gutenberg |no=42112 |name=The Yellowstone National Park |bullet=none }}</ref> On a return from [[Astoria, Oregon|Astoria]], [[Robert Stuart (explorer)|Robert Stuart]] and a party of five men discovered [[South Pass (Wyoming)|South Pass]] in 1812.<ref name=":1" />

The [[Oregon Trail]] later followed that route as emigrants moved to the west coast. In 1850, mountain man [[Jim Bridger]] first documented what is now known as [[Bridger Pass]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=A Map of the West in his Head: Jim Bridger, Guide to Plains and Mountains {{!}} WyoHistory.org |url=https://www.wyohistory.org/encyclopedia/jim-bridger |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=www.wyohistory.org}}</ref> Bridger also explored Yellowstone, and filed reports on the region that, like Colter's, were largely regarded at the time as [[tall tale]]s. The [[Union Pacific Railroad]] constructed track through Bridger Pass in 1868.<ref name=":2" /> It was used as the route for construction of [[Interstate 80 in Wyoming|Interstate 80]] through the mountains 90 years later.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-02-06 |title=Jim Bridger: The man, the myth, the legend |url=https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/jim-bridger-the-man-the-myth-the-legend/ |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=The Seattle Times |language=en-US}}</ref>

After the Union Pacific Railroad reached [[Cheyenne, Wyoming|Cheyenne]] in 1867, population growth was stimulated. The federal government established the [[Wyoming Territory]] on July 25, 1868.<ref>[http://wyoming.gov/state/wyoming_news/general/history.asp State of Wyoming—General Facts About Wyoming] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927200649/http://wyoming.gov/state/wyoming_news/general/history.asp |date=September 27, 2007 }}</ref> Lacking significant deposits of gold and silver, unlike mineral-rich [[Colorado]], Wyoming did not have such a population boom. But [[South Pass City, Wyoming|South Pass City]] had a short-lived boom after the Carissa Mine began producing gold in 1867.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://wyoparks.state.wy.us/Site/Brochure/SouthPassCity.pdf |title=South Pass City Historic Site |publisher=Wyoming State Parks, Historic Sites & Trails |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227040747/http://wyoparks.state.wy.us/Site/Brochure/SouthPassCity.pdf |archive-date=February 27, 2009 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Copper was mined in some areas between the [[Sierra Madre Range (Wyoming)|Sierra Madre Mountains]] and the Snowy Range near [[Grand Encampment, Wyoming|Grand Encampment]].<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M8pIAAAAMAAJ |title=Mines Register: Successor to the Mines Handbook and the Copper Handbook, Describing the Non-ferrous Metal Mining Companies in the Western Hemisphere |year=1911 |last1=Stevens |first1=Horace Jared |last2=Weed |first2=Walter Harvey |last3=Neale |first3=Walter Garfield |last4=Rand |first4=Lenox Hawes |last5=Sturgis |first5=Edward Barney |last6=Zimmerman |first6=Joseph |display-authors=2}}</ref>

Once government-sponsored expeditions to the Yellowstone country began, Colter's and Bridger's descriptions of the region's landscape were confirmed. In 1872, [[Yellowstone National Park]] was created as the world's first, to protect this area. Nearly all of the park lies within the northwestern corner of Wyoming.

[[File:3c Wyoming Statehood 50th anniversary, 1940 issue.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|On July 10, 1940, the U.S. Post Office issued a postage stamp commemorating the 50th anniversary of Wyoming statehood. The engraving depicts the Wyoming state seal, which features a central figure of a woman in front of a banner reading 'equal rights']]
On December 10, 1869, territorial Governor [[John Allen Campbell]] extended the right to vote to women, making Wyoming the first territory to do so, and upon statehood became the first state to grant [[women's suffrage]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Women's History Collections |url=https://www.uwyo.edu/ahc/collections/by-subject/women.html |accessdate=April 14, 2023 |publisher=[[American Heritage Center]]}}</ref> Women first served on juries in Wyoming ([[Laramie, Wyoming|Laramie]] in 1870). Wyoming was also a pioneer in welcoming women into electoral politics.<ref name="Helton">{{cite web|last=Helton|first=Jennifer|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-american-west-led-way-women-politics-180975573/|title=How the American West Led the Way for Women in Politics|work=[[Smithsonian]]|date=August 14, 2020|accessdate=April 14, 2023}}</ref> It had the first female court bailiff (Mary Atkinson, Laramie, in 1870), and the first female [[justice of the peace]] in the country ([[Esther Hobart Morris]], South Pass City, in 1870). In 1924, Wyoming was the first state to elect a female governor, [[Nellie Tayloe Ross]], who took office in January 1925.<ref>{{cite book |last=Larson |first=T. A. |title=History of Wyoming |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9zVKYtdsUDEC |year=1990 |publisher=University of Nebraska Press |isbn=978-0-803-27936-0}}</ref> Due to its civil-rights history, one of Wyoming's state nicknames is "The Equality State", and the official state motto is "Equal Rights".<ref name="WyoFacts" />

Wyoming's constitution also included a pioneering article on [[water right]]s.<ref>{{cite book |title=Frontier Spirit: The Story of Wyoming |last=Sodaro |first=Craig |author2=Adams, Randy |year=1996 |publisher=Johnson Books |isbn=978-1-55566-163-2 |pages=136–39}}</ref> Bills for Wyoming Territory's admission to the union were introduced in both the [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]] and [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House of Representatives]] in December 1889. On March 27, 1890, the House passed the bill and President [[Benjamin Harrison]] signed Wyoming's statehood bill; Wyoming became the 44th state in the union on July 10, 1890.<ref name="WyoFacts" />

Wyoming was the location of the [[Johnson County War]] of 1892, which erupted between competing groups of cattle ranchers. The passage of the [[Homestead Act]] led to an influx of small ranchers. A [[range war]] broke out when either or both of the groups chose violent conflict over commercial competition in the use of the public land.

==Geography==
{{main|Geography of Wyoming}}

===Climate===
{{Further|Climate change in Wyoming}}
[[File:Köppen Climate Types Wyoming.png|thumb|[[Köppen climate classification|Köppen climate types]] of Wyoming, using 1991–2020 [[Climatological normal|climate normals]]]]
[[File:Autumn in the Bighorn Mountains.JPG|thumb|Autumn in the Bighorn Mountains]]

Wyoming's climate is generally [[Semi-arid climate|semi-arid]] and [[continental climate|continental]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''[[Cold steppe|''BSk'']]'') and is drier and windier in comparison to most of the United States with greater temperature extremes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wrds.uwyo.edu/sco/wyoclimate.html|title=The Climate of Wyoming|publisher=Wyoming State Climate Office and Water Resources Data System|accessdate=April 14, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/fola/planyourvisit/weather.htm?fullweb=1|title=Weather|publisher=[[U.S. National Park Service]]|accessdate=April 14, 2023}}</ref> Much of this is due to the topography of the state. Summers in Wyoming are warm with July high temperatures averaging between {{convert|80|and|90|°F|°C|abbr=on}} in most of the state. With increasing elevation, however, this average drops rapidly with locations above {{convert|9000|ft|m}} averaging around {{convert|70|°F|°C|abbr=on}}. Summer nights throughout the state are characterized by a rapid cooldown with even the hottest locations averaging in the {{convert|50|–|60|F|C}} range at night. In most of the state, most of the precipitation tends to fall in the late spring and early summer. Winters are cold but are variable with periods of sometimes extreme cold interspersed between generally mild periods, with [[Chinook winds]] providing unusually warm temperatures in some locations.

Wyoming is a dry state with much of the land receiving less than {{convert|10|in|mm}} of rainfall per year. Precipitation depends on elevation with lower areas in the [[Bighorn Basin|Big Horn Basin]] averaging {{convert|5|-|8|in|mm}}, making the area nearly a true [[desert]]. The lower areas in the North and on the eastern plains typically average around {{convert|10|-|12|in|mm}}, making the climate there [[semi-arid]]. Some mountain areas do receive a good amount of precipitation, {{convert|20|in|mm}} or more, much of it as snow, sometimes {{convert|200|in|cm}} or more annually. The state's highest recorded temperature is {{convert|114|F|C}} at [[Basin, Wyoming|Basin]] on July 12, 1900, and the lowest recorded temperature is {{convert|-66|F|C}} at [[Riverside, Wyoming|Riverside]] on February 9, 1933.

The number of [[thunderstorm]] days varies across the state with the southeastern plains of the state having the most days of thunderstorm activity. Thunderstorm activity in the state is highest during the late spring and early summer. The southeastern corner of the state is the most vulnerable part of the state to [[tornado]] activity. Moving away from that point and westwards, the incidence of tornadoes drops dramatically with the west part of the state showing little vulnerability. Tornadoes, where they occur, tend to be small and brief, unlike some of those that occur farther east.

{| class="wikitable collapsible" style="width:700px;"
! colspan= "14" style="background: #6688AA; color: #6688AA" | <span style="margin-left: 80px; color: white">{{big|[[Casper, Wyoming|<span style="color:white;">Casper</span>]] climate:}} Average maximum and minimum temperatures, and average rainfall.</span>
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy; height:17px;"| Month
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Jan
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Feb
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Mar
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Apr
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| May
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Jun
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Jul
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Aug
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Sep
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Oct
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Nov
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Dec
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy; border-left:2px solid #bbb;"| '''Year'''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy; height:16px;"| Average max. temperature °[[Fahrenheit|F]] ([[Celsius|°C]])
| style="background:#fff;"| 32<br />(0)
| style="background:#fff;"| 37<br />(3)
| style="background: #F5E4D1;" | 45<br />(7)
| style="background: #FFCF99;" | 56<br />(13)
| style="background: #FFB86D;" | 66<br />(19)
| style="background: #FF952B;" | 78<br />(26)
| style="background: #F47D00;" | 87<br />(31)
| style="background: #FF952B;" | 85<br />(29)
| style="background: #FFA54D;" | 74<br />(23)
| style="background: #FFB86D;" | 60<br />(16)
| style="background: #F5E4D1;" | 44<br />(7)
| style="background:#fff;"| 34<br />(1)
| style="background: #FFCF99;" | '''58'''<br />('''14''')
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Average min. temperature<br />°F (°C)
| style="background: #4DD2FF;" | 12<br />(−11)
| style="background: #52D5F5;" | 16<br />(−9)
| style="background: #52D5F5;" | 21<br />(−6)
| style="background: #8CF1FC;" | 28<br />(−2)
| style="background:#fff;"| 37<br />(3)
| style="background: #F5E4D1;" | 46<br />(8)
| style="background: #FFCF99;" | 54<br />(12)
| style="background: #FFCF99;" | 51<br />(11)
| style="background: #F5E4D1;" | 41<br />(5)
| style="background:#fff;"| 32<br />(0)
| style="background: #52D5F5;" | 21<br />(−6)
| style="background: #52D5F5;" | 14<br />(−10)
| style="background: #8CF1FC;" | '''31'''<br />('''-1''')
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Average rainfall<br />inches (mm)
| style="background: #99E5FF;" | 0.6<br />(15.2)
| style="background: #99E5FF;" | 0.6<br />(15.2)
| style="background: #72DCFF;" | 1.0<br />(25.4)
| style="background: #41CFFF;" | 1.6<br />(40.6)
| style="background: #00BEFE;" | 2.1<br />(53.3)
| style="background: #41CFFF;" | 1.5<br />(38.1)
| style="background: #72DCFF;" | 1.3<br />(33.0)
| style="background: #99E5FF;" | 0.7<br />(17.8)
| style="background: #99E5FF;" | 0.9<br />(22.9)
| style="background: #72DCFF;" | 1.0<br />(25.4)
| style="background: #99E5FF;" | 0.8<br />(20.3)
| style="background: #99E5FF;" | 0.7<br />(17.8)
| style="background:#fff;"| '''12.8'''<br />('''325.1''')
|-
| colspan="14" style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy; text-align:center;"| <small>Source:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://countrystudies.us/united-states/weather/wyoming/casper.htm |title=CountryStudies.us |publisher=CountryStudies.us |access-date=July 31, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629174308/http://countrystudies.us/united-states/weather/wyoming/casper.htm |archive-date=June 29, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref></small>
|}

{| class="wikitable collapsible" style="width:700px;"
! colspan= "14" style="background: #6688AA; color: #6688AA" | <span style="margin-left: 80px; color: white">{{big|[[Jackson, Wyoming|<span style="color:white;">Jackson</span>]] climate:}} Average maximum and minimum temperatures, and average rainfall.</span>
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy; height:17px;"| Month
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Jan
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Feb
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Mar
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Apr
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| May
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Jun
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Jul
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Aug
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Sep
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Oct
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Nov
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Dec
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy; border-left:2px solid #bbb;"| '''Year'''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy; height:16px;"| Average max. temperature °[[Fahrenheit|F]] ([[Celsius|°C]])
| style="background: #8CF1FC;" | 24<br />(−4)
| style="background: #8CF1FC;" | 28<br />(−2)
| style="background:#fff;"| 37<br />(3)
| style="background: #F5E4D1;" | 47<br />(8)
| style="background: #FFCF99;" | 58<br />(14)
| style="background: #FFA54D;" | 68<br />(20)
| style="background: #FF952B;" | 78<br />(26)
| style="background: #FF952B;" | 77<br />(25)
| style="background: #FFB86D;" | 67<br />(19)
| style="background: #FFCF99;" | 54<br />(12)
| style="background:#fff;"| 37<br />(3)
| style="background: #8CF1FC;" | 24<br />(−4)
| style="background: #F5E4D1;" | '''49'''<br />('''9''')
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Average min. temperature<br />°F (°C)
| style="background: #00BEFE;" | -1<br />(−18)
| style="background: #00BEFE;" | 2<br />(−17)
| style="background: #4DD2FF;" | 10<br />(−12)
| style="background: #52D5F5;" | 21<br />(−6)
| style="background: #8CF1FC;" | 30<br />(−1)
| style="background:#fff;"| 36<br />(2)
| style="background: #F5E4D1;" | 41<br />(5)
| style="background:#fff;"| 38<br />(3)
| style="background: #8CF1FC;" | 31<br />(−1)
| style="background: #52D5F5;" | 22<br />(−6)
| style="background: #52D5F5;" | 14<br />(−10)
| style="background: #00BEFE;" | 0<br />(−18)
| style="background: #52D5F5;" | '''20'''<br />('''-7''')
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy;"| Average rainfall<br />inches (mm)
| style="background: #00B2EE;" | 2.6<br />(66.0)
| style="background: #41CFFF;" | 1.9<br />(48.3)
| style="background: #41CFFF;" | 1.6<br />(40.6)
| style="background: #72DCFF;" | 1.4<br />(35.6)
| style="background: #41CFFF;" | 1.9<br />(48.3)
| style="background: #41CFFF;" | 1.8<br />(45.7)
| style="background: #72DCFF;" | 1.3<br />(33.0)
| style="background: #72DCFF;" | 1.3<br />(33.0)
| style="background: #41CFFF;" | 1.5<br />(38.1)
| style="background: #72DCFF;" | 1.3<br />(33.0)
| style="background: #00BEFE;" | 2.3<br />(58.4)
| style="background: #00B2EE;" | 2.5<br />(63.5)
| style="background:#fff;"| '''21.4'''<br />('''543.6''')
|-
| colspan="14" style="background:#dcf0f0; color:navy; text-align:center;"| <small>Source:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://countrystudies.us/united-states/weather/wyoming/jackson.htm |title=Countrystudies.us |publisher=Countrystudies.us |access-date=July 31, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629174312/http://countrystudies.us/united-states/weather/wyoming/jackson.htm |archive-date=June 29, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref></small>
|}

===Location and size===

As specified in the designating legislation for the [[Territory of Wyoming]], Wyoming's borders are lines of [[latitude]] [[41st parallel north|41°N]] and [[45th parallel north|45°N]], and [[longitude]] 104°3'W and 111°3'W (27 and 34 west of the [[Washington Meridian]]) {{Ndash}}a [[geodesic]] quadrangle.<ref>{{cite web|author=Willam J. Gribb |author2=Lawrence M. Ostrech |title=Databases and Algorithms to Determine the Boundary of Wyoming |publisher=University of Wyoming, Department of Geography |url=http://gis.esri.com/library/userconf/proc04/docs/pap1718.pdf |access-date=December 14, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217015637/http://gis.esri.com/library/userconf/proc04/docs/pap1718.pdf |archive-date=December 17, 2008 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Wyoming is one of only three states (the others being [[Colorado]] and [[Utah]]) to have borders defined by ''only'' "straight" lines. Due to surveying inaccuracies during the 19th century, Wyoming's legal border deviates from the true [[latitude]] and [[longitude]] lines by up to {{convert|1/2|mi|km|spell=in}} in some spots, especially in the mountainous region along the [[45th parallel north|45th parallel]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maa.org/mathtourist/mathtourist_08_30_07.html |title=Rectangular States and Kinky Borders |author=Ivars Peterson |access-date=December 14, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705160310/http://www.maa.org/mathtourist/mathtourist_08_30_07.html |archive-date=July 5, 2008}}</ref> Wyoming is bordered on the north by [[Montana]], on the east by [[South Dakota]] and [[Nebraska]], on the south by [[Colorado]], on the southwest by [[Utah]], and on the west by [[Idaho]]. It is the tenth largest state in the United States in total area, containing {{convert|97814|sqmi|km2}} and is made up of 23 counties. From the north border to the south border, it is {{convert|276|mi|km}}; and from the east to the west border is {{convert|365|mi|km}} at its south end and {{convert|342|mi|km}} at the north end.

===Natural landforms===
====Mountain ranges====
[[File:Barns grand tetons.jpg|thumb|[[Teton Range]]]]
[[File:Cattle Drive near Pinedale, WY (14963962303).jpg|thumb|[[Green River (Colorado River tributary)|Green River]] valley]]

The [[Great Plains]] meet the [[Rocky Mountains]] in Wyoming. The state is a great [[plateau]] broken by many [[mountain range]]s. Surface elevations range from the summit of [[Gannett Peak]] in the [[Wind River Range|Wind River Mountain Range]], at {{convert|13804|ft|m}}, to the [[Belle Fourche River]] valley in the state's northeast corner, at {{convert|3125|ft|m}}. In the northwest are the [[Absaroka Range|Absaroka]], [[Owl Creek Mountains|Owl Creek]], [[Gros Ventre Range|Gros Ventre]], [[Wind River Range|Wind River]], and the [[Teton Range|Teton]] ranges. In the north central are the [[Big Horn Mountains]]; in the northeast, the [[Black Hills]]; and in the southern region the [[Laramie Mountains|Laramie]], [[Medicine Bow Mountains|Snowy]], and [[Sierra Madre Range (Wyoming)|Sierra Madre]] ranges.

The Snowy Range in the south-central part of the state is an extension of the Colorado [[Rocky Mountains|Rockies]] both in geology and in appearance. The Wind River Range in the west central part of the state is remote and includes more than 40 mountain peaks in excess of {{convert|13000|ft|m|abbr=on}} tall in addition to [[Gannett Peak]], the highest peak in the state. The Bighorn Mountains in the north-central portion are somewhat isolated from the bulk of the Rocky Mountains.

The Teton Range in the northwest extends for {{convert|50|mi|km}}, part of which is included in [[Grand Teton National Park]]. The park includes the [[Grand Teton]], the second-highest peak in the state.

The [[Continental Divide]] spans north–south across the central portion of the state. Rivers east of the divide drain into the [[Missouri River Basin]] and eventually the [[Gulf of Mexico]]. They are the [[North Platte River|North Platte]], [[Wind River (Wyoming)|Wind]], [[Bighorn River|Bighorn]], and [[Yellowstone River|Yellowstone]] rivers. The [[Snake River]] in northwest Wyoming eventually drains into the [[Columbia River]] and the Pacific Ocean, as does the [[Green River (Colorado River)|Green River]] through the [[Colorado River]] Basin.

The Continental Divide forks in the south-central part of the state in an area known as the [[Great Divide Basin]] where water that precipitates onto or flows into it cannot reach an ocean—it ''all'' sinks into the soil and eventually evaporates.

Several rivers begin in or flow through the state, including the Yellowstone River, Bighorn River, Green River, and the Snake River.

====Basins====
Much of Wyoming is covered with large basins containing different eco-regions, from shrublands to smaller patches of desert.<ref name=Wyo-basins>{{cite web|url=http://www.landscope.org/explore/natural_geographies/ecoregions/Wyoming%20Basins/|publisher=Landscope|date=June 26, 2012|access-date=March 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200226072841/http://www.landscope.org/explore/natural_geographies/ecoregions/Wyoming%20Basins/|archive-date=February 26, 2020|url-status=live| title= Wyoming Basins Ecoregion }}</ref> Regions of the state classified as basins contain everything from large geologic formations to sand dunes and vast unpopulated spaces.<ref name=Ecoregions-Wyoming>{{cite web|url=https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/cropmap/ecoreg/descript.html#18|website=hort.purdue.edu|publisher=[[Purdue University]]|date=April 1, 2000|access-date=March 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211032359/https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/cropmap/ecoreg/descript.html|archive-date=February 11, 2021|url-status=live| title=Level III Ecoregions of the Continental United States}}</ref> Basin landscapes are typically at lower elevations and include rolling hills, valleys, mesas, terraces and other rugged terrain, but also include natural springs as well as rivers and artificial reservoirs.<ref name=epaEcoregionsofWyoming>{{cite web|url=ftp://newftp.epa.gov/EPADataCommons/ORD/Ecoregions/wy/wy_front.pdf|publisher=[[EPA]]|date=Jan 1, 2004|access-date=March 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509200703/ftp://newftp.epa.gov/EPADataCommons/ORD/Ecoregions/wy/wy_front.pdf|archive-date=2022-05-09|url-status=dead|title=Wyoming Eco-Regions}}</ref> They have common plant species such as various subspecies of [[Artemisia tridentata|sagebrush]], [[juniper]] and grasses such as [[Agropyron|wheatgrass]], but basins are known for their diversity of plant and animal species.<ref name=Wyo-basins/>

====Islands====
{{Main list|List of islands of Wyoming}}

Wyoming has 32 named islands; the majority are in [[Jackson Lake (Wyoming)|Jackson Lake]] and [[Yellowstone Lake]], within [[Yellowstone National Park]] in the northwest portion of the state. The [[Green River (Colorado River)|Green River]] in the southwest also contains a number of islands.

===Regions and administrative divisions===
====Counties====
[[File:Counties of Wyoming, July 24, 2025.png|thumb|upright=1.6|Map of Wyoming county boundaries]]
{{Main list|List of counties in Wyoming}}
The state of Wyoming has 23 [[county (United States)|counties]].
{| class="wikitable"
|+The 23 counties of the state of Wyoming<ref name=QF>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/|title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=April 18, 2024}}</ref>{{efn|name=2020note|2020 Census population}}
|-
! Rank
! County
! Population
! Rank
! County
! Population
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| [[Laramie County, Wyoming|Laramie]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 100,512
| style="text-align: center;" | 13
| [[Converse County, Wyoming|Converse]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 13,751
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 2
| [[Natrona County, Wyoming|Natrona]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 79,955
| style="text-align: center;" | 14
| [[Goshen County, Wyoming|Goshen]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 12,498
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 3
| [[Campbell County, Wyoming|Campbell]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 47,026
| style="text-align: center;" | 15
| [[Big Horn County, Wyoming|Big Horn]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 11,521
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 4
| [[Sweetwater County, Wyoming|Sweetwater]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 42,272
| style="text-align: center;" | 16
| [[Sublette County, Wyoming|Sublette]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 8,728
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 5
| [[Fremont County, Wyoming|Fremont]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 39,234
| style="text-align: center;" | 17
| [[Platte County, Wyoming|Platte]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 8,605
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 6
| [[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 37,066
| style="text-align: center;" | 18
| [[Johnson County, Wyoming|Johnson]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 8,447
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 7
| [[Sheridan County, Wyoming|Sheridan]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 30,921
| style="text-align: center;" | 19
| [[Washakie County, Wyoming|Washakie]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 7,685
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 8
| [[Park County, Wyoming|Park]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 29,624
| style="text-align: center;" | 20
| [[Crook County, Wyoming|Crook]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 7,181
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 9
| [[Teton County, Wyoming|Teton]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 23,331
| style="text-align: center;" | 21
| [[Weston County, Wyoming|Weston]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 6,838
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 10
| [[Uinta County, Wyoming|Uinta]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 20,450
| style="text-align: center;" | 22
| [[Hot Springs County, Wyoming|Hot Springs]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 4,621
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 11
| [[Lincoln County, Wyoming|Lincoln]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 19,581
| style="text-align: center;" | 23
| [[Niobrara County, Wyoming|Niobrara]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 2,467
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 12
| [[Carbon County, Wyoming|Carbon]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 14,537
| colspan="2" style="text-align:right;"| '''Wyoming Total'''
| style="text-align: right;" | '''576,851'''
|}
[[Vehicle registration plates of Wyoming|Wyoming license plates]] have a number on the left that indicates the county where the vehicle is registered, ranked by an earlier census.<ref name=wydeccen>{{cite web|url=http://eadiv.state.wy.us/demog_data/cntycity_hist.htm|publisher=U.S. Census, State of Wyoming|title=Historical decennial census population for Wyoming counties, cities, and towns|access-date=September 24, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708181724/http://eadiv.state.wy.us/demog_data/cntycity_hist.htm|archive-date=July 8, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Specifically, the numbers are representative of the property values of the counties in 1930.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tetonat.com/2010/07/08/interesting-wyoming-license-plate-fact/|title=TetonAT.com—Interesting Wyoming License Plate Fact|website=Tetonat.com|access-date=September 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904203501/http://www.tetonat.com/2010/07/08/interesting-wyoming-license-plate-fact/|archive-date=September 4, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The county license plate numbers are:
{| class="wikitable"
! License<br />Plate<br />Prefix
! County
! License<br />Plate<br />Prefix
! County
! License<br />Plate<br />Prefix
! County
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| Natrona
| style="text-align: center;" | 9
| Big Horn
| style="text-align: center;" | 17
| Campbell
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 2
| Laramie
| style="text-align: center;" | 10
| Fremont
| style="text-align: center;" | 18
| Crook
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 3
| Sheridan
| style="text-align: center;" | 11
| Park
| style="text-align: center;" | 19
| Uinta
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 4
| Sweetwater
| style="text-align: center;" | 12
| Lincoln
| style="text-align: center;" | 20
| Washakie
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 5
| Albany
| style="text-align: center;" | 13
| Converse
| style="text-align: center;" | 21
| Weston
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 6
| Carbon
| style="text-align: center;" | 14
| Niobrara
| style="text-align: center;" | 22
| Teton
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 7
| Goshen
| style="text-align: center;" | 15
| Hot Springs
| style="text-align: center;" | 23
| Sublette
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 8
| Platte
| style="text-align: center;" | 16
| Johnson
|&nbsp;
|&nbsp;
|}

====Cities and towns====
[[File:CheyenneWyoming.jpg|thumb|[[Cheyenne, Wyoming]]]]
[[File:Casperskyline.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Casper, Wyoming]]]]
[[File:DowntownRawlins.jpg|thumb|[[Rawlins, Wyoming]]]]
[[File:Grand Targhee Ski Resort, February 2021.jpg|thumb|Wyoming is home to 12 ski resorts, including [[Grand Targhee]] and [[Jackson Hole Mountain Resort|Jackson Hole]].]]

The State of Wyoming has 99 [[List of municipalities in Wyoming|incorporated municipalities]].
{| class=wikitable
|+Most populous Wyoming cities and towns<ref name=QF/>{{efn|name=2020note}}
! Rank
! City
! County
! Population
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| [[Cheyenne, Wyoming|Cheyenne]]
| [[Laramie County, Wyoming|Laramie]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 65,132
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 2
| [[Casper, Wyoming|Casper]]
| [[Natrona County, Wyoming|Natrona]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 59,038
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 3
| [[Gillette, Wyoming|Gillette]]
| [[Campbell County, Wyoming|Campbell]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 33,403
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 4
| [[Laramie, Wyoming|Laramie]]
| [[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 31,407
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 5
| [[Rock Springs, Wyoming|Rock Springs]]
| [[Sweetwater County, Wyoming|Sweetwater]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 23,526
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 6
| [[Sheridan, Wyoming|Sheridan]]
| [[Sheridan County, Wyoming|Sheridan]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 18,737
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 7
| [[Green River, Wyoming|Green River]]
| [[Sweetwater County, Wyoming|Sweetwater]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 11,825
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 8
| [[Evanston, Wyoming|Evanston]]
| [[Uinta County, Wyoming|Uinta]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 11,747
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 9
| [[Jackson, Wyoming|Jackson]]
| [[Teton County, Wyoming|Teton]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 10,760
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 10
| [[Riverton, Wyoming|Riverton]]
| [[Fremont County, Wyoming|Fremont]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 10,682
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 11
| [[Cody, Wyoming|Cody]]
| [[Park County, Wyoming|Park]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 10,028
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 12
| [[Rawlins, Wyoming|Rawlins]]
| [[Carbon County, Wyoming|Carbon]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 8,221
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 13
| [[Lander, Wyoming|Lander]]
| [[Fremont County, Wyoming|Fremont]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 7,546
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 14
| [[Powell, Wyoming|Powell]]
| [[Park County, Wyoming|Park]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 6,419
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 15
| [[Douglas, Wyoming|Douglas]]
| [[Converse County, Wyoming|Converse]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 6,386
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 16
| [[Torrington, Wyoming|Torrington]]
| [[Goshen County, Wyoming|Goshen]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 6,119
|}

In 2020, 51.1% of Wyomingites lived in one of the 12 most populous Wyoming municipalities.

====Metropolitan areas====

The [[United States Census Bureau]] has defined two [[United States metropolitan area|metropolitan statistical areas]] (MSA) and eight [[United States micropolitan area|micropolitan statistical areas]] (MiSA) for the state. In 2020, 31.3% of Wyomingites lived in either of the metropolitan statistical areas, and 80.4% lived in either a metropolitan or a micropolitan area.
{| class=wikitable
|+Metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas
! Census Area
! County
! Population
|-
| [[Cheyenne, Wyoming metropolitan area|Cheyenne]]
| [[Laramie County, Wyoming|Laramie]]
| style="text-align: right;" | '''100,512'''
|-
| [[Casper, Wyoming metropolitan area|Casper]]
| [[Natrona County, Wyoming|Natrona]]
| style="text-align: right;" | '''79,955'''
|-
| [[Gillette, Wyoming micropolitan area|Gillette]]
| [[Campbell County, Wyoming|Campbell]]
| style="text-align: right;" | '''47,026'''
|-
| [[Rock Springs, Wyoming micropolitan area|Rock Springs]]
| [[Sweetwater County, Wyoming|Sweetwater]]
| style="text-align: right;" | '''42,272'''
|-
| [[Riverton, Wyoming micropolitan area|Riverton]]
| [[Fremont County, Wyoming|Fremont]]
| style="text-align: right;" | '''39,234'''
|-
| [[Laramie, Wyoming micropolitan area|Laramie]]
| [[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany]]
| style="text-align: right;" | '''37,066'''
|-
| rowspan=3 | [[Jackson, Wyoming-Idaho micropolitan area|Jackson]]
| [[Teton County, Wyoming]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 23,331
|-
| [[Teton County, Idaho]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 11,630
|- style="text-align: right;"
|| ''Total''
|| '''34,961'''
|-
| [[Sheridan, Wyoming micropolitan area|Sheridan]]
| [[Sheridan County, Wyoming|Sheridan]]
| style="text-align: right;" | '''30,233'''
|-
| [[Cody, Wyoming micropolitan area|Cody]]
| [[Park County, Wyoming|Park]]
| style="text-align: right;" | '''29,624'''
|-
| rowspan=3 | [[Evanston, Wyoming-Utah micropolitan area|Evanston]]
| [[Uinta County, Wyoming]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 20,450
|-
| [[Rich County, Utah]]
| style="text-align: right;" | 2,510
|- style="text-align: right;"
|| ''Total''
|| '''22,960'''
|}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1870= 9118
|1880= 20789
|1890= 62555
|1900= 92531
|1910= 145965
|1920= 194402
|1930= 225565
|1940= 250742
|1950= 290529
|1960= 330066
|1970= 332416
|1980= 469557
|1990= 453588
|2000= 493782
|2010= 563626
|2020= 576851
|estyear=2024
|estimate=587618
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2024">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2024|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=December 26, 2024}}</ref>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=Sources: 1910–2020<ref>{{cite web |title=Historical Population Change Data (1910–2020) |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html |website=Census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=May 1, 2021 |archive-date=April 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429012609/https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}

===Population===
[[File:Wyoming population density 2020.png|thumb|upright=1.35|The largest population centers are [[Cheyenne, WY MSA|Cheyenne]] (southeast) and [[Casper, WY, MSA|Casper]].|left]]

The [[2020 United States census]] counted 576,851 people living in Wyoming.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=April 26, 2021 |title=2020 Census |url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/apportionment/apportionment-2020-table01.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426194028/https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/apportionment/apportionment-2020-table01.pdf |archive-date=April 26, 2021 |access-date=July 12, 2021 |website=Census Bureau}}</ref> The [[center of population]] of Wyoming is in [[Natrona County, Wyoming|Natrona County]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/56/56021.html |title=State & County QuickFacts |year=2013 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=May 6, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110703080550/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/56/56021.html |archive-date=July 3, 2011 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/docs/cenpop2010/CenPop2010_Mean_ST.txt |title=Centers of Population by State |year=2013 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=May 9, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103082820/http://www.census.gov/geo/reference/docs/cenpop2010/CenPop2010_Mean_ST.txt |archive-date=January 3, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Sparsely populated, Wyoming is the least populous state of the United States. Wyoming has the second-lowest population density in the country (behind [[Alaska]]) and is the sparsest-populated of the 48 [[contiguous states]]. It is one of only two states with a population smaller than that of the nation's capital; the only other state with this distinction is [[Vermont]].

According to [[United States Department of Housing and Urban Development|HUD]]'s 2022 [[Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress|Annual Homeless Assessment Report]], there were an estimated 648 [[Homelessness|homeless]] people in Wyoming.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2007-2022 PIT Counts by State |url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huduser.gov%2Fportal%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fxls%2F2007-2022-PIT-Counts-by-State.xlsx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/2022-AHAR-Part-1.pdf|title=The 2022 Annual Homelessness Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress}}</ref>

According to the 2020 census, the population's racial composition was 84.7% [[White American|white]] (81.4% non-Hispanic white), 2.4% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.9% Black or African American, 0.9% Asian American, and 0.1% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 3.5% from some other race, and 7.5% from two or more races.<ref name="2020DP1">{{Cite web |title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2020 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Wyoming |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?g=040XX00US56 |access-date=April 19, 2024 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> As of 2011, 24.9% of Wyoming's population younger than age{{nbsp}}1 were minorities.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/index.ssf/2012/06/americas_under_age_1_populatio.html|title=Americans under age 1 now mostly minorities, but not in Ohio: Statistical Snapshot|last=Exner|first=Rich|date=June 3, 2012|work=[[The Plain Dealer]]|access-date=August 16, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160714084214/http://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/index.ssf/2012/06/americas_under_age_1_populatio.html|archive-date=July 14, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> According to data from the [[American Community Survey]], as of 2018, Wyoming was the only U.S. state where African Americans earn a higher median income than white workers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=These Visualizations Break Down America's Huge Racial Wealth Gap |url=https://howmuch.net/articles/racial-income-wealth-inequality-us |access-date=2022-03-08 |website=HowMuch |archive-date=March 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308035628/https://howmuch.net/articles/racial-income-wealth-inequality-us |url-status=live }}</ref>[[File:Ethnic Origins in Wyoming.png|thumb|Ethnic origins in Wyoming]]
As of 2015, Wyoming had an estimated population of 586,107, which was an increase of 1,954, or 0.29%, from the prior year and an increase of 22,481, or 3.99%, since the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]]. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 12,165 (33,704 births minus 21,539 deaths) and an increase from net migration of 4,035 into the state. Immigration resulted in a net increase of 2,264 and migration within the country produced a net increase of 1,771. In 2004, the foreign-born population was 11,000 (2.2%). In 2005, total births in Wyoming were 7,231 (birth rate of 14.04 per thousand).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billingsgazette.net/articles/2007/05/21/news/wyoming/40-growing.txt |title=Hispanics fastest growing ethnic group in Wyoming |date=May 21, 2007 |publisher=Billings Gazette via AP |access-date=May 7, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120721020117/http://www.billingsgazette.net/articles/2007/05/21/news/wyoming/40-growing.txt |archive-date=July 21, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>

Wyoming experienced its first population decline since 1990, with a decrease of just over 1,000 people (0.2 percent) from July 2015 to July 2016. This decline was attributed to the downturn in the state's mineral extraction industry, particularly the oil and gas sector, which led to the loss of thousands of jobs. However, state economist Jim Robinson noted signs of economic stabilization. Job losses in the oil and gas industry appeared to have leveled off, and there was a slight increase in drilling activity in recent months. While the state's economy showed little growth, it was considered to have reached a more stable condition as of late 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |last=AP |date=2016-12-22 |title=Wyoming population drops, but there are positive signs in economy |url=https://www.wyomingnewsnow.tv/news/state/wyoming-population-drops-but-there-are-positive-signs-in-economy/article_d37ca7a2-da00-56fb-be25-9e4a1e45c291.html |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=Wyoming News Now |language=en}}</ref>

According to the 2000 census, the largest ancestry groups in Wyoming were: [[German-American|German]] (25.9%), [[English American|English]] (15.9%), [[Irish American|Irish]] (13.3%), and [[Native Americans in the United States|American Indian]] (4.7%). An additional 6.4% responded with "American" as their ancestry.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brittingham |first=Angela |last2=de la Cruz |first2=G. Patricia |date=June 2004 |title=Ancestry: 2000, Census 2000 Brief |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2000/briefs/c2kbr-35.pdf |access-date=May 7, 2025 |website=Census.gov}}</ref>

In 2018, the top countries of origin for Wyoming's immigrants were [[Mexico]], [[China]], [[Germany]], [[England]] and [[Canada]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/immigrants-in-wyoming|title=Immigrants in Wyoming|date=June 2015 }}</ref>

;Birth data
[[File:Wyoming counties by race.svg|thumb|166x166px|Map of counties in Wyoming by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census{{Collapsible list
| title = Legend|{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}

'''Non-Hispanic White'''

{{legend|#a61c00|60–70%}}

{{legend|#85200c|70–80%}}

{{legend|#5b0f00|80–90%}}

{{legend|#410b00|90%+}}

{{col-end}}
}}]]
''Note: Births in table do not add up, because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number.''
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"
|+ Live Births by Single Race/Ethnicity of Mother
|-
! [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Race]]
! 2013<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_01.pdf|title=Births: Final Data for 2013|website=Cdc.gov|access-date=4 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911162514/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_01.pdf|archive-date=September 11, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
! 2014<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_12.pdf|title=Births: Final Data for 2014|website=Cdc.gov|access-date=4 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214040341/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_12.pdf|archive-date=February 14, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
! 2015<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr66/nvsr66_01.pdf|title=Births: Final Data for 2015|website=Cdc.gov|access-date=4 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831155911/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr66/nvsr66_01.pdf|archive-date=August 31, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
! 2016<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_01.pdf |title=data |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=May 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180603002249/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_01.pdf |archive-date=June 3, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
! 2017<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_08-508.pdf |title=Births: Final Data for 2017 |access-date=February 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201210916/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_08-508.pdf |archive-date=February 1, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
! 2018<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_13-508.pdf |title=Data |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=December 21, 2019 |archive-date=November 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128161211/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_13-508.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
! 2019<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr70/nvsr70-02-508.pdf |title=Data |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=April 9, 2021 |archive-date=June 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623200707/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr70/nvsr70-02-508.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
! 2020<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr70/nvsr70-17.pdf |title=Data |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=2022-02-21 |archive-date=February 10, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210175206/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr70/NVSR70-17.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
! 2021<ref>
{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr72/nvsr72-01.pdf |title=Data |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=2022-02-03}}</ref>
! 2022<ref>
{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr73/nvsr73-02.pdf |title=Data |website=www.cdc.gov |access-date=2024-04-05}}</ref>
! 2023<ref>
{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr74/nvsr74-1.pdf |title=Data |website=www.cdc.gov |access-date=2025-04-12}}</ref>
|-
| [[Non-Hispanic whites|White]]
| 6,136 (80.3%)
| 6,258 (81.3%)
| 6,196 (79.8%)
| 5,763 (78.0%)
| 5,426 (78.6%)
| 5,078 (77.4%)
| 5,158 (78.6%)
| 4,762 (77.7%)
| 4,882 (78.3%)
| 4,622 (76.4%)
| 4,553 (76.0%)
|-
| [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]]
| 305 (4.0%)
| 294 (3.8%)
| 294 (3.8%)
| 200 (2.7%)
| 206 (3.0%)
| 219 (3.3%)
| 198 (3.0%)
| 176 (2.9%)
| 179 (2.9%)
| 178 (2.9%)
| 150 (2.5%)
|-
| [[Asian Americans|Asian]]
| 124 (1.6%)
| 108 (1.4%)
| 135 (1.7%)
| 100 (1.3%)
| 79 (1.1%)
| 72 (1.1%)
| 73 (1.1%)
| 58 (0.9%)
| 67 (1.1%)
| 64 (1.1%)
| 68 (1.1%)
|-
| [[African Americans|Black]]
| 125 (1.6%)
| 116 (1.5%)
| 119 (1.5%)
| 63 (0.9%)
| 45 (0.7%)
| 57 (0.9%)
| 61 (0.9%)
| 55 (0.9%)
| 48 (0.8%)
| 46 (0.7%)
| 38 (0.6%)
|-
| ''[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic]]'' (any race)
| ''926'' (12.1%)
| ''895'' (11.6%)
| ''963'' (12.4%)
| ''973'' (13.2%)
| ''892'' (12.9%)
| ''851'' (13.0%)
| ''839'' (12.8%)
| ''818'' (13.3%)
| ''749'' (12.0%)
| ''835'' (13.8%)
| ''858'' (14.3%)
|-
| '''Total'''
| '''7,644''' (100%)
| '''7,696''' (100%)
| '''7,765''' (100%)
| '''7,386''' (100%)
| '''6,903''' (100%)
| '''6,562''' (100%)
| '''6,565''' (100%)
| '''6,128''' (100%)
| '''6,237''' (100%)
| '''6,049''' (100%)
| '''5,990''' (%)
|}

* Since 2016, data for births of [[White Hispanic and Latino Americans|White Hispanic]] origin are not collected, but included in one ''Hispanic'' group; persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.

===Languages===
{{See also|Native American languages of Wyoming}}
In 2010, 93.39% (474,343) of Wyomingites over age 5 spoke [[English language|English]] as their [[primary language]]; 4.47% (22,722) spoke [[Spanish language|Spanish]], 0.35% (1,771) spoke [[German language|German]], and 0.28% (1,434) spoke [[French language|French]]. Other common non-English languages included [[Algonquian languages|Algonquian]] (0.18%), [[Russian language|Russian]] (0.10%), [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]], and [[Greek language|Greek]] (both 0.09%).<ref>{{cite web|title=Most Spoken Languages in Wyoming in 2010 |url=http://www.mla.org/cgi-shl/docstudio/docs.pl?map_data_results |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060619224705/http://www.mla.org/cgi-shl/docstudio/docs.pl?map_data_results |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 19, 2006 |publisher=[[Modern Language Association]] |access-date=December 15, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>

In 2007, the [[American Community Survey]] reported 6.2% (30,419) of Wyoming's population over five spoke a language other than English at home. Of those, 68.1% were able to speak English very well, 16.0% spoke English well, 10.9% did not speak English well, and 5.0% did not speak English at all.<ref name="Language2007">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/hhes/socdemo/language/data/acs/ACS-12.pdf |title=Language Use in the United States: 2007 |author=Hyon B. Shin |author2=Robert A. Kominski |date=April 2010 |website=United States Census Bureau |publisher=United States Department of Commerce |access-date=May 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130614060228/http://www.census.gov/hhes/socdemo/language/data/acs/ACS-12.pdf |archive-date=June 14, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Religion===
{{Pie chart|thumb=right|caption=Religious self-identification, [[Public Religion Research Institute]]'s 2020 ''American Values Atlas'' survey.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Staff |date=February 24, 2023 |title=2020 American Values Atlas: Religious Tradition |url=https://ava.prri.org/#religious/2020/States/religion/m/US-WY |access-date=April 15, 2023 |website=[[Public Religion Research Institute]]}}</ref>|label1=[[Irreligion in the United States|Unaffiliated]]|value1=40|color1=White|label2=[[Protestantism in the United States|Protestantism]]|value2=33|color2=Blue|label3=[[Catholicism in the United States|Catholicism]]|value3=15|color3=Purple|label4=[[Mormonism in the United States|Mormonism]]|value4=7|color4=Teal|color5=Pink|color6=Grey|value5=1|label5=[[Judaism in the United States|Judaism]]|value6=4|label6=Other}}
In 2020, the [[Public Religion Research Institute]] determined that about 55% of Wyoming's adult population was [[Christianity|Christian]], primarily [[Evangelicalism|evangelical]] and [[mainline Protestant]], [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]], and [[Mormonism|Mormon]]. The Public Religion Research Institute survey documented a decrease in religiosity from a 2014 separate [[Pew Research Center]] study;<ref name="pew2014">{{cite web|url=http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/wyoming/|title=Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics—Pew Research Center|access-date=December 3, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202014402/http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/wyoming/|archive-date=December 2, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> according to the Public Religion Research Institute, the unaffiliated made up 40% of the state population by 2020. According to a 2013 Gallup poll, Wyomingites' religious affiliations were 49% Protestant, 23% [[nonreligious]] or other, 18% Catholic, 9% [[Latter Day Saint movement|Latter-day Saint]] (Mormons), and less than 1% [[Judaism|Jewish]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/167120/mississippi-alabama-protestant-states.aspx |title=Mississippi and Alabama Most Protestant States in U.S. |date=February 5, 2014 |publisher=Gallup |access-date=June 4, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414171721/http://www.gallup.com/poll/167120/mississippi-alabama-protestant-states.aspx |archive-date=April 14, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

A 2010 [[Association of Religion Data Archives]] (ARDA) report recognized as Wyoming's largest denominations [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (LDS Church), with 62,804 (11%); the Catholic Church, with 61,222 (10.8%); and the [[Southern Baptist Convention]], with 15,812 (2.8%). The report counted 59,247 evangelical Protestants (10.5%), 36,539 mainline Protestants (6.5%), 785 Eastern Orthodox Christians; 281 Black Protestants; 65,000 adhering to other traditions; and 340,552 claiming no religious tradition.<ref>{{cite web |title=State Membership Report: Wyoming |url=http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/56/rcms2010_56_state_adh_2010.asp |publisher=[[Association of Religion Data Archives]] |access-date=December 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215034424/http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/56/rcms2010_56_state_adh_2010.asp |archive-date=December 15, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2020, ARDA reported the state's largest individual denominations as the following: the Catholic Church (69,500); the LDS Church (67,729); and the Southern Baptist Convention (11,082). Non-denominational Protestants were 23,410 in number.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maps and data files for 2020 {{!}} U.S. Religion Census {{!}} Religious Statistics & Demographics |url=https://www.usreligioncensus.org/index.php/node/1639 |access-date=2022-12-10 |website=www.usreligioncensus.org}}</ref>

According to ARDA's 2020 report, the Roman Catholics had an adherence rate of 120.48 per 1,000 people, Mormons 117.41 per 1,000 people, and Southern Baptists 19.21 per 1,000 people. Non-denominational Protestants had an adherence rate of 40.58 per 1,000 people; these trends reflected the separate 2014 Pew study's varying attendance at religious services. In 2014, 38% visited a religious service at least once a week, 28% once or twice a month, and 32% seldom/never.<ref name="pew2014" /> A 2018 research article by the [[National Christian Foundation]] cited non-churchgoing Christians nationwide did not attend religious services often through practicing the faith in other ways, not finding a house of worship they liked, disliking sermons and feeling unwelcomed, and logistics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Why Christians don't go to church anymore (and why they must) |url=https://www.ncfgiving.com/stories/why-christians-dont-go-to-church-and-why-they-must/ |access-date=2023-04-15 |website=National Christian Foundation |date=October 18, 2018 |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Economy and infrastructure==
{{Further|List of Wyoming locations by per capita income|List of power stations in Wyoming}}
[[File:Wind Power 4892597382.jpg|thumb|[[Wind farm]] in [[Uinta County, Wyoming|Uinta County]]]]

According to the [[Bureau of Economic Analysis]], Wyoming's [[Gross regional domestic product|gross state product]] in 2024 was [[United States dollar|$]]52.9 billion.<ref>
{{cite web
 | title       = SAGDP1 State annual gross domestic product (GDP) summary
 | url         = https://apps.bea.gov/itable/index.html?appid=70&stepnum=40&Major_Area=3&State=0&Area=XX&TableId=531&Statistic=3&Year=2024&YearBegin=-1&Year_End=-1&Unit_Of_Measure=Levels&Rank=1&Drill=1&nRange=5
 | publisher   = [[U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis]]
 | date        = March 28, 2025
 | access-date = July 17, 2025
}}</ref> {{As of|2014}}, the population was growing slightly with the most growth in tourist-oriented areas, such as [[Teton County, Wyoming|Teton County]]. Boom conditions in neighboring states, such as [[North Dakota]], were drawing energy workers away. About half of Wyoming's counties showed population loss.<ref name="CST032915">{{cite news |author=Star-Tribune staff writers |title=Wyoming's population growth slows |url=http://trib.com/business/wyoming-s-population-growth-slows/article_c72f35b3-9802-5498-af01-d02c63416edb.html |access-date=July 16, 2015 |work=Casper Star-Tribune |date=March 29, 2015 |quote=...{{nbsp}}according to Wyoming's Economic Analysis Division |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019003915/http://trib.com/business/wyoming-s-population-growth-slows/article_c72f35b3-9802-5498-af01-d02c63416edb.html |archive-date=October 19, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> The state makes active efforts through Wyoming Grown, an internet-based recruitment program, to find jobs for young people educated in Wyoming who have emigrated but may wish to return.<ref name="NYT71515">{{cite news |author1=Julie Turkewitz |title=Wyoming, Long on Pride but Short on People, Hopes to Lure Some Back |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/16/us/wyoming-long-on-pride-but-short-on-people-hopes-to-lure-some-back.html |access-date=July 16, 2015 |work=The New York Times |date=July 15, 2015 |quote=This effort has taken the form of an Internet-based recruitment program called Wyoming Grown. Young Wyomingites who have left the state sign up on the program's website and quickly receive a call from a recruiter who helps link them to work here. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150719054955/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/16/us/wyoming-long-on-pride-but-short-on-people-hopes-to-lure-some-back.html |archive-date=July 19, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The mineral-extraction industry and travel and tourism sector are the main drivers of Wyoming's economy.<ref name=aboutwyogov>{{cite web|url=https://www.wyo.gov/about-wyoming|title=About Wyoming|website=wyo.gov|accessdate=April 14, 2023}}</ref> The federal government owns about 42.3% of its landmass, while the state controls 6%.<ref name=aboutwyogov/> The total taxable value of mining production in Wyoming in 2007 was over $14.5 billion. In 2018, [[Tourism|tourism industry]] contributed approximately $3.8 billion in spending from domestic and international visitors.<ref name=aboutwyogov/>

In 2002, more than six million people visited Wyoming's [[national park]]s and monuments. Wyoming's main tourist attractions include [[Grand Teton National Park]], [[Yellowstone National Park]], [[Devils Tower National Monument]], [[Independence Rock (Wyoming)|Independence Rock]] and [[Fossil Butte National Monument]]. Yellowstone, established in 1872 as the world's first national park, attracts over three million visitors each year.

Historically, agriculture has been an important component of Wyoming's economy. Its overall importance to the economy has waned, but it is still an essential part of Wyoming's culture and lifestyle. The main agricultural commodities Wyoming produces include livestock (beef), [[hay]], [[sugar beets]], grain (wheat and barley), and [[wool]]. More than 91% of Wyoming's land is classified as rural.

Wyoming is the home of only a handful of companies with a regional or national presence. [[Taco John's]] and [[Sierra Trading Post]], both in Cheyenne, are privately held. [[Cloud Peak Energy]] in Gillette and U.S. Energy Corp. (NASDAQ: USEG) in Riverton are Wyoming's only publicly traded companies.

Various initiatives have been put in place and legislation adopted to encourage the use of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies in the state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How Caitlin Long turned Wyoming into crypto country |url=https://fortune.com/2021/07/29/caitlin-long-wyoming-crypto/ |access-date=2023-04-25 |website=Fortune |language=en}}</ref> [[Tyler Lindholm]], a former state legislator, claimed that 500 member-owned limited liability companies built on blockchain had been established and that 17,000 businesses with "crypto" in their name were registered by 2023. 
State legislators appointed a commission in 2023 to create a [[stablecoin]], aiming to be the first cryptocurrency created by a U.S. state.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Haden |first=Mitch |date=2023-08-04 |title=Wyoming Stable Token Commission Meeting in Laramie on August 10 {{!}} Wyoming State Treasuer |url=https://statetreasurer.wyo.gov/stablemeeting/ |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=statetreasurer.wyo.gov |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-20 |title=Wyoming Stable Token Commission names Anthony Apollo executive director |url=https://www.wyomingnews.com/news/local_news/wyoming-stable-token-commission-names-anthony-apollo-executive-director/article_2fdee9b4-5748-11ee-851c-230ba6f34c11.html |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=Wyoming Tribune Eagle |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-24 |title=Wyoming Stable Token Commission names Anthony Apollo executive director {{!}} Local News {{!}} wyomingnews.com |url=https://www.wyomingnews.com/news/local_news/wyoming-stable-token-commission-names-anthony-apollo-executive-director/article_2fdee9b4-5748-11ee-851c-230ba6f34c11.html |access-date=2025-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230924155040/https://www.wyomingnews.com/news/local_news/wyoming-stable-token-commission-names-anthony-apollo-executive-director/article_2fdee9b4-5748-11ee-851c-230ba6f34c11.html |archive-date=September 24, 2023 }}</ref> It launched in August 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-19 |title=Wyoming launches the first state-issued stablecoin: CNBC Crypto World |url=https://www.cnbc.com/video/2025/08/19/wyoming-launches-the-first-state-issued-stablecoin-cnbc-crypto-world.html |access-date=2025-09-27 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref> 
===Mineral and energy production===
[[File:Wyoming Coal production.png|thumb|Wyoming coal production from 2001 to 2023.<ref name="wyocoal-prodgraph">{{cite web |url=https://www.eia.gov/coal/data/browser/#/topic/33?agg=0,2,1&rank=g&geo=000000000008&mntp=g&linechart=COAL.PRODUCTION.TOT-WY-TOT.A&columnchart=COAL.PRODUCTION.TOT-WY-TOT.A&map=COAL.PRODUCTION.TOT-WY-TOT.A&freq=A&start=2001&end=2022&ctype=map&ltype=pin&rtype=s&maptype=0&rse=0&pin= |title=Aggregate coal mine production |date=Nov 20, 2024 |access-date=Nov 20, 2024 }}</ref>]]
[[File:Liebherr T282C Coal Haul Truck.png|thumb|[[North Antelope Rochelle Mine]], the largest estimated coal mine reserve in the world, as of 2013<ref>Praveen Duddu (October 20, 2013). [http://www.mining-technology.com/features/feature-the-10-biggest-coal-mines-in-the-world/ "The 10 biggest coal mines in the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031174014/https://www.mining-technology.com/features/feature-the-10-biggest-coal-mines-in-the-world/ |date=October 31, 2018 }}. ''mining-technology.com''. Verdict Media Limited. Retrieved October 31, 2018.</ref>]]
[[File:Rig wind river.jpg|thumb|upright|A natural gas [[drilling rig|rig]] west of the [[Wind River Range]]]]
Wyoming's mineral commodities include coal, [[natural gas]], [[coalbed methane]], [[crude oil]], [[uranium]], and [[trona]].

====Coal====
Wyoming produced 277 million [[short ton]]s (251 million metric tons) of coal in 2019, a 9% drop from 2018.<ref name="wyocoal-prod">{{cite web |url=https://www.wsgs.wyo.gov/energy/coal-production-mining |title=Coal Production & Mining |date=Oct 1, 2020 |access-date=March 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200307043910/https://www.wsgs.wyo.gov/energy/coal-production-mining |archive-date=March 7, 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Coal mining in Wyoming|Wyoming's coal production]] peaked in 2008, when 514 million short tons (466 million metric tons) were produced.<ref name="wyocoal-prod" /> Wyoming has a reserve of 68.7 billion tons (62.3 billion metric tons) of coal. Major coal areas include the [[Powder River Basin]] and the [[Green River Basin]]. In 2002, [[coalbed methane extraction]] (CBM), a method for the extracting of methane, yielded 327.5 billion cubic feet (9.3&nbsp;km<sup>3</sup>).{{citation needed|date=May 2024}} In 2016, Wyoming produced 1.77 trillion cubic feet (50 billion m<sup>3</sup>) of natural gas, ranking the state sixth nationwide in natural gas production.<ref>US Energy Information Administration, [https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_prod_sum_a_EPG0_VGM_mmcf_a.htm Natural Gas Production] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623195724/https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_prod_sum_a_EPG0_VGM_mmcf_a.htm |date=June 23, 2017 }}, accessed 14 June 2017.</ref>

====Oil====
Wyoming produced {{convert|53.4|Moilbbl}} of crude oil in 2007, ranking fifth nationwide in oil production. By 2022, Wyoming ranked eighth nationally in the production of both crude oil and natural gas and was the second-largest producer of oil and gas on federal lands. At its peak in 2022, the state had 27,951 producing wells, including 10,120 oil wells and 17,800 gas wells. Wyoming's oil reserves were estimated at 978 million barrels at the end of 2021, representing 2.4% of U.S. reserves. The state had four operational refineries in 2022 with a combined refining capacity of 125,850 barrels per day, a significant reduction from the 14 refineries operating in 1981.<ref name="petro" /><ref name="pawyo_facts">{{Cite web |title=Oil and Gas Facts & Figures 2024 |url=https://pawyo.org/facts-figures/ |access-date=2025-01-27 |website=Petroleum Association of Wyoming |language=en-US}}</ref>

====Wind energy====
{{Further|Wind power in Wyoming}}
Because of its geography and altitude, the potential for wind energy in Wyoming is one of the highest of any U.S. state. The [[Chokecherry and Sierra Madre Wind Energy Project]] is the largest commercial wind generation facility under development in North America.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.powercompanyofwyoming.com/|title=Power Company of Wyoming: Chokecherry and Sierra Madre Wind Energy Project|website=Powercompanyofwyoming.com|access-date=September 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904200419/http://www.powercompanyofwyoming.com/|archive-date=September 4, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Carbon County, Wyoming|Carbon County]] is home to the largest proposed wind farm in the nation. Construction plans have been halted because of proposed new taxes on wind power energy production.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Paterson |first1=Leigh |title=Construction of Largest U.S. Wind Farm Is on Hold |url=http://wyomingpublicmedia.org/post/construction-largest-us-wind-farm-hold |access-date=21 June 2016 |publisher=wyomingpublicmedia.org |date=June 14, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160618110538/http://wyomingpublicmedia.org/post/construction-largest-us-wind-farm-hold |archive-date=June 18, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Other====
The [[Kelsey Lake Diamond Mine]] in Colorado, less than {{convert|1000|ft|m}} from the Wyoming border, produced gem-quality diamonds for several years.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last=Thompson|editor-first=Tommy B.|last1=Coopersmith|first1=Howard G.|last2=Schulze|first2=Daniel J.|year=1996|url=https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/segweb/books/book/1928/chapter-abstract/107706108/Development-and-Geology-of-the-Kelsey-Lake-Diamond?redirectedFrom=fulltext|title=Diamonds to Gold: I. State Line Kimberlite District, Colorado; II. Cresson Mine, Cripple Creek District, Colorado|series=Society of Economic Geologists Guidebook|chapter=Development and Geology of the Kelsey Lake Diamond Mine, Colorado|doi=10.5382/GB.26|volume=26|publisher=[[Society of Economic Geologists]]|isbn=9781934969793}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Colden|first=Anne|url=https://extras.denverpost.com/business/fdiamond0125.htm|title=Diamond mine files bankruptcy|work=[[The Denver Post]]|date=January 25, 2000|accessdate=July 8, 2025}}</ref> The [[Wyoming craton]], which hosts the [[kimberlite]] [[volcanic pipe]]s that were mined, underlies most of Wyoming.
Wyoming possesses the world's largest known reserve of [[trona]],<ref name="gearino">{{cite news |url=http://www.casperstartribune.net/articles/2009/02/16/news/wyoming/4b7e9a771fe4bd868725755e00268e51.txt |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130112020407/http://www.casperstartribune.net/articles/2009/02/16/news/wyoming/4b7e9a771fe4bd868725755e00268e51.txt |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 12, 2013 |title=Soda ash companies enjoy record year |last=Gearino |first=Jeff |work=Casper Star Tribune |date=February 16, 2009}}</ref> a mineral used in manufacturing glass, paper, soaps, baking soda, water softeners, and pharmaceuticals. In 2008, Wyoming produced 46 million short tons (41.7 million metric tons) of trona, 25% of the world's production.<ref name="gearino" />
Although [[uranium mining in Wyoming]] is much less active than in previous decades, a sharp [[Uranium bubble of 2007|rise in uranium prices]] in 2007 spurred new interest in prospecting and mining.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/28/business/worldbusiness/28iht-uranium.1.5056467.html |title=High price of uranium prods U.S. mines to life |last1=Moran |first1=Susan |last2=Raup |first2=Anne |date=March 28, 2007 |work=The New York Times |access-date=November 14, 2014}}</ref> In 2024, the uranium industry in the state experienced a significant resurgence due to a sharp increase in uranium prices.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cowboystatedaily.com/2024/01/19/wyoming-uranium-miners-rush-to-cash-in-a-prices-explode-15-in-a-week/ |title=Uranium Prices Explode As Wyoming Uranium Miners Rush To Cash In |last1=Maio |first1=Pat |date=January 19, 2024 |website=Cowboy State Daily |access-date=November 14, 2014}}</ref> Rare earth metals are also among Wyoming's mineral commodities.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://oilprice.com/Metals/Commodities/Wyoming-Rare-Earth-Discovery-Could-Shake-Up-Global-Markets.html | title=Wyoming Rare Earth Discovery Could Shake up Global Markets }}</ref>

===Taxes===

Unlike most other states, Wyoming levies no individual or corporate [[income tax]]. It also assesses no tax on retirement income earned and received from another state. Wyoming has a state [[sales tax]] of 4%. Counties have the option to collect an additional 1% tax for general revenue and a 1% tax for specific purposes, if approved by voters. Food for human consumption is not subject to sales tax.<ref>[http://www.billingsgazette.net/articles/2006/03/03/news/wyoming/32-food-tax.prt ''Votes back repeal of food tax''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060414230521/https://www.billingsgazette.net/articles/2006/03/03/news/wyoming/32-food-tax.prt |date=April 14, 2006 }}, [[Billings Gazette]], March 3, 2006</ref> A county lodging tax varies from 2% to 5%. The state collects a [[use tax]] of 5% on items purchased elsewhere and brought into Wyoming. All [[property tax]] is based on the property's assessed value; Wyoming's Department of Revenue's Ad Valorem Tax Division supports, trains, and guides local government agencies in the uniform assessment, valuation and taxation of locally assessed property. "Assessed value" means taxable value; "taxable value" means a percentage of the fair market value of property in a particular class. Statutes limit property tax increases. For county revenue, the property tax rate cannot exceed 12 [[Mill (currency)|mills]] (or 1.2%) of assessed value. For cities and towns, the rate is limited to eight mills (0.8%). With very few exceptions, state law limits the property tax rate for all governmental purposes.{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}

[[Personal property]] held for personal use is tax-exempt. Inventory held for resale, pollution control equipment, cash, accounts receivable, stocks and bonds are also exempt. Other exemptions include property used for religious, educational, charitable, fraternal, benevolent and government purposes and improvements for handicapped access. Mine lands, underground mining equipment, and oil and gas extraction equipment are exempt from property tax, but companies must pay a gross products tax on minerals and a [[severance tax]] on mineral production.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wvpolicy.org/getting-the-story-right-mineral-taxation-in-wyoming-and-west-virginia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117043021/http://www.wvpolicy.org/getting-the-story-right-mineral-taxation-in-wyoming-and-west-virginia |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 17, 2013 |title=Getting the Story Right; Mineral Taxation in Wyoming and West Virginia |publisher=West Virginia Center on Budget and Policy Blog |access-date=November 10, 2012 }}</ref><ref>Wyoming Statutes Section 39-13-103</ref>

Wyoming does not collect [[Capital gains tax in the United States|capital gains tax]], [[Gift tax in the United States|gift tax]], or [[Estate tax in the United States|estate tax]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Why the jurisdiction of choice for trust planning with digital assets has to be Wyoming |url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/legalindustry/why-jurisdiction-choice-trust-planning-with-digital-assets-has-be-wyoming-2022-10-19/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202194017/https://www.reuters.com/legal/legalindustry/why-jurisdiction-choice-trust-planning-with-digital-assets-has-be-wyoming-2022-10-19/ |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=2025-05-07 |work=Reuters |language=en-US |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2008, the [[Tax Foundation]] reported that Wyoming had the most "business-friendly" tax climate of any U.S. state.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.taxfoundation.org/research/topic/68.html |title=The Tax Foundation—Tax Research Areas—Wyoming |publisher=Taxfoundation.org |access-date=July 31, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100130093252/http://www.taxfoundation.org/research/topic/68.html |archive-date=January 30, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> Wyoming state and local governments in fiscal year 2007 collected $2.242 billion in taxes, levies, and royalties from the oil and gas industry. The state's mineral industry, including oil, gas, [[trona]], and coal, provided $1.3 billion in property taxes from 2006 mineral production.<ref name="petro">{{cite web |url=http://www.pawyo.org/facts.html |title=Petroleum Association of Wyoming |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920105654/http://www.pawyo.org/facts.html |archive-date=September 20, 2008 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> As of 2017, Wyoming receives more federal tax dollars as a percentage of state general revenue than any state except [[Montana]].<ref>Janelle Cammenga. "[https://taxfoundation.org/state-federal-aid-reliance-2020/ Which States Rely the Most on Federal Aid?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210312012945/https://taxfoundation.org/state-federal-aid-reliance-2020/ |date=March 12, 2021 }}". [[Tax Foundation]], February 12, 2020. Accessed March 15, 2021.</ref>

As of 2016, Wyoming does not require the beneficial owners of [[limited liability company|LLC]]s to be disclosed in the filing, which creates an opportunity for a tax haven, according to [[Clark Stith]] of Clark Stith & Associates.<ref name="Tax Notes Today">{{cite web |url=https://www.taxnotes.com/tax-notes-today/tax-havens/panama-papers-include-nevada-wyoming-among-offshore-tax-havens/2016/04/05/18448446 |url-access=registration |title=Panama Papers Include Nevada, Wyoming Among Offshore Tax Havens |website=taxnotes.com |publisher=Tax Analysts |date=5 April 2016 |author=Hamilton, Amy |access-date=October 31, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031082639/https://www.taxnotes.com/tax-notes-today/tax-havens/panama-papers-include-nevada-wyoming-among-offshore-tax-havens/2016/04/05/18448446 |archive-date=October 31, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> If fact, Wyoming was the first state to enact a statute authorizing the creation of LLCs.<ref name="Maynard">{{cite book |last1=Maynard |first1=Therese H. |last2=Warren |first2=Dana M. |last3=Trevino |first3=Shannon |title=Business Planning: Financing the Start-Up Business and Venture Capital Financing |date=2018 |publisher=Wolters Kluwer |location=New York |isbn=9781454882152 |page=137 |edition=3rd |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=12lODwAAQBAJ&pg=PA137 |access-date=September 22, 2020}}</ref> By 2024, company registrations were higher per capita in Wyoming than those in [[Delaware]], which is historically the most prominent US tax haven.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2024-12-03 |title=With sharp rise in incorporations, Wyoming cements reputation as US secrecy haven |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/with-sharp-rise-in-incorporations-wyoming-cements-reputation-as-us-secrecy-haven/ |website=ICIJ |language=en-US}}</ref> Entities linked to [[United States foreign adversaries|foreign adversaries]] have been observed exploiting Wyoming's business filing policies for fraudulent purposes, prompting state legislators to draft bills for increased oversight and restrictions. One of these bills, targeting foreign adversaries, was signed into law on February 24, 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-04 |title=Millions in Covid relief funds went to shadowy companies registered at a Wyoming storefront that hundreds of thousands of firms used as an address - ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/pandora-papers/millions-in-covid-relief-funds-went-to-shadowy-companies-at-a-wyoming-storefront-that-hundreds-of-thousands-of-firms-used-as-an-address/ |access-date=2025-03-06 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":4" />

===Transportation===
{{Further|List of Wyoming railroads|List of airports in Wyoming|List of state highways in Wyoming}}
[[File:Major roads of Wyoming, July 24, 2025.png|thumb|Major highways of Wyoming]]
Wyoming's largest airport is [[Jackson Hole Airport]], with more than 500 employees.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jacksonholeairport.com/news/improvement|title=Airport Improvement Projects—Jackson Hole Airport (JAC), Jackson Hole, Wyoming|website=Jacksonholeairport.com|access-date=September 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113100443/http://www.jacksonholeairport.com/news/improvement|archive-date=January 13, 2012|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Three interstate highways and 13 U.S. highways pass through Wyoming. The [[State highways in Wyoming|Wyoming state highway system]] also serves the state.

[[Interstate 25 in Wyoming|Interstate 25]] enters Wyoming south of Cheyenne and runs north, intersecting Interstate 80 immediately west of Cheyenne. It passes through Casper and ends at Interstate 90, near [[Buffalo, Wyoming|Buffalo]]. [[Interstate 80 in Wyoming|Interstate 80]] crosses the Utah border west of [[Evanston, Wyoming|Evanston]] and runs east through the southern third of the state, passing through Cheyenne before entering Nebraska near [[Pine Bluffs, Wyoming|Pine Bluffs]]. [[Interstate 90 in Wyoming|Interstate 90]] comes into Wyoming near [[Parkman, Wyoming|Parkman]] and cuts through the northeastern part of the state. It serves [[Gillette, Wyoming|Gillette]] and enters South Dakota east of [[Sundance, Wyoming|Sundance]].

U.S. Routes [[U.S. Route 14|14]], [[U.S. Route 16|16]], and [[U.S. Route 20#Eastern Section|the eastern section of U.S. 20]] have their western terminus at the eastern entrance to Yellowstone National Park and pass through [[Cody, Wyoming|Cody]]. U.S. 14 runs eastward before joining I-90 at [[Gillette, Wyoming|Gillette]]. U.S. 14 then follows I-90 to the South Dakota border. U.S. 16 and 20 split off of U.S. 14 at [[Greybull, Wyoming|Greybull]] and U.S. 16 turns east at [[Worland, Wyoming|Worland]] while U.S. 20 continues south [[Shoshoni, Wyoming|Shoshoni]]. [[U.S. Route 287]] runs from [[Fort Collins, Colorado]], to [[Laramie, Wyoming]], through a pass between the [[Laramie Mountains]] and the [[Medicine Bow Mountains]], then merges with US 30 and I-80 until it reaches Rawlins, where it continues north, passing Lander. Outside of [[Moran, Wyoming|Moran]], U.S. 287 is part of a large interchange with U.S. Highways 26, 191, and 89, before continuing north to Yellowstone's southern entrance. U.S. 287 continues north of Yellowstone, but the park separates the two sections.

Other [[United States Numbered Highways|U.S. highways]] that pass through Wyoming are [[U.S. Highway 18 (Wyoming)|18]], [[U.S. Highway 26 (Wyoming)|26]], [[U.S. Highway 30 (Wyoming)|30]], [[U.S. Highway 85 (Wyoming)|85]], [[U.S. Highway 87 (Wyoming)|87]], [[U.S. Highway 89 (Wyoming)|89]], [[U.S. Highway 189 (Wyoming)|189]], [[U.S. Highway 191 (Wyoming)|191]], [[U.S. Highway 212 (Wyoming)|212]], and [[U.S. Highway 287 (Wyoming)|287]].

Wyoming is one of only two states (the other is [[South Dakota]]) in the [[48 contiguous states]] not served by [[Amtrak]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Amtrak National Facts |url=https://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?c=Page&pagename=am%2FLayout&cid=1246041980246 |publisher=Amtrak.com |access-date=18 March 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310001307/https://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?c=Page&pagename=am%2FLayout&cid=1246041980246 |archive-date=March 10, 2016 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> It was once served by Amtrak's [[San Francisco Zephyr]] and [[Pioneer (Amtrak)|Pioneer]] lines.<ref>{{cite news | title=Last passenger trains rolling across Wyoming | newspaper=[[Spokesman-Review]] | date=July 13, 1983 | access-date=September 12, 2010 | url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78899864/last-passenger-trains-rolling-across/ | archive-date=June 4, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210604003221/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/78899864/last-passenger-trains-rolling-across/ | url-status=live }}</ref> While no passenger trains roll through Wyoming today, intercity buses continue to connect residents across the state. Intercity bus carriers in the state include [[Express Arrow]], [[Greyhound Lines]], and [[Jefferson Lines]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Greyhound and connecting partners map | url=https://greyhound.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=e6487220ba8340c89e8aa660d63be24a | access-date=June 29, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Express Arrow Locations | url=https://expressarrow.com/locations/ | access-date=June 29, 2022 | archive-date=October 2, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002140048/https://expressarrow.com/locations/ | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Bus tickets to Wyoming | url=https://www.jeffersonlines.com/bus-stops/wyoming/ | access-date=June 29, 2022}}</ref>

{| class="collapsible collapsed" style="border:1px #aaa solid; width:50em; margin:0.2em auto"
|-
! Local transit map
|-
|{{Location map+ |Wyoming |width=1000 |float=center
|caption=Local Transit Systems (Only systems with fixed-route services are shown)
|places=
{{Location map~ |Wyoming |lat=42.848703|long=-106.320930|position=bottom|label='''<small>[[Casper Area Transit]]</small>'''|label_size=90|mark=Icon-mode-bus-default.svg|marksize=20 }}
{{Location map~ |Wyoming |lat=41.133941|long=-104.815039|position=top |label='''<small>[[Cheyenne Transit]]</small>'''|label_size=90 |mark=Icon-mode-bus-default.svg|marksize=20 }}
{{Location map~ |Wyoming |lat=44.796374|long=-106.955911|position=bottom |label='''<small>[[Goose Creek Transit]]</small>'''|label_size=90 |mark=Icon-mode-bus-default.svg|marksize=20 }}
{{Location map~ |Wyoming |lat=43.479648|long=-110.762342|position=bottom |label='''<small>[[START Bus]]</small>'''|label_size=90 |mark=Icon-mode-bus-default.svg|marksize=20 }}
{{Location map~ |Wyoming |lat=41.312392|long=-105.577201|position=top |label='''<small>[[University of Wyoming Transit System|Roundup]]</small>'''|label_size=90 |mark=Icon-mode-bus-default.svg|marksize=20 }}
{{Location map~ |Wyoming |lat=43.024676|long=-108.386353|position=bottom |label='''<small>[[Wind River Transportation Authority|WRTA]]</small>'''|label_size=90 |mark=Icon-mode-bus-default.svg|marksize=20 }}
}}
|}

===Major interstates===
*{{jct|state=WY|I|25}} (300.5&nbsp;mi) connects [[Denver]], [[Cheyenne, Wyoming|Cheyenne]], [[Casper, Wyoming|Casper]] and [[Buffalo, Wyoming|Buffalo]]. Most of the highway is connected with [[U.S. Route 87|US 87]]. Major junctions include [[Interstate 80 in Wyoming|Interstate 80]], [[U.S. Route 30|US 30]], [[U.S. Route 85|US 85]], [[U.S. Route 26|US 26]], US Routes [[U.S. Route 18|18]] & [[U.S. Route 20|20]] and [[U.S. Route 16|US 16]] before its northern terminus at [[Interstate 90 in Wyoming|Interstate 90]] in Buffalo.
*{{jct|state=WY|I|80}} (402.8&nbsp;mi) connects [[Evanston, Wyoming|Evanston]], [[Rock Springs, Wyoming|Rock Springs]], [[Rawlins, Wyoming|Rawlins]], [[Laramie, Wyoming|Laramie]] and [[Cheyenne, Wyoming|Cheyenne]]. Major junctions include [[U.S. Route 191|US 191]], [[U.S. Route 287|US 287]], [[Interstate 25 in Wyoming|I-25]], and [[U.S. Route 85|US 85]] & [[Interstate 180 (Wyoming)|I-180]].
*{{jct|state=WY|I|90}} (208.8&nbsp;mi) connects [[Sheridan, Wyoming|Sheridan]], [[Buffalo, Wyoming|Buffalo]] and [[Gillette, Wyoming|Gillette]]. Primarily in northeastern Wyoming. Major junctions include [[U.S. Route 14|US 14]], [[Interstate 25 in Wyoming|I-25]] and [[U.S. Route 16|US 16]].

====Wind River Indian Reservation====
{{Main|Wind River Indian Reservation}}

[[File:WindRiverCanyon.JPG|thumb|[[Wind River Canyon]]]]

The [[Shoshone|Eastern Shoshone]] and [[Arapaho|Northern Arapaho]] tribes share the Wind River [[Indian reservation|Indian Reservation]] in central western Wyoming, near [[Lander, Wyoming|Lander]]. The reservation is home to 2,500 Eastern Shoshone and 5,000 Northern Arapaho.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wind-river.org/info/communities/reservation.php |title=Wind River Country: Wind River Indian Reservation |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319064509/http://wind-river.org/info/communities/reservation.php |archive-date=March 19, 2009 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>

[[Chief Washakie]] established the reservation in 1868<ref name="shoshone">{{Cite web|url=http://www.easternshoshone.net/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227071317/http://www.easternshoshone.net/WindRiverReservation.htm|url-status=dead|title=利用シーン・ポイント別複合機比較サイト|date=August 26, 2018|archivedate=February 27, 2009}}</ref> as the result of negotiations with the federal government in the [[Fort Bridger]] Treaty,<ref name="pbs">{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/chiefs/rez.html |title=Chiefe: The Rez |website=[[PBS]] |access-date=September 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130228091722/http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/chiefs/rez.html |archive-date=February 28, 2013 |url-status=dead }} PBS. Independent Lens</ref> but the federal government forced the Northern Arapaho onto the Shoshone reservation in 1876 after it failed to provide a promised separate reservation.<ref name="pbs" />

Today the Wind River Indian Reservation is jointly owned, with each tribe having a 50% interest in the land, water, and other natural resources.<ref name="arapaho">{{cite web|url=http://www.northernarapaho.com/background|title=Background—Northern Arapaho Tribe|website=Northernarapaho.com|access-date=September 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915064429/http://www.northernarapaho.com/background|archive-date=September 15, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> It is a sovereign, self-governed land with two independent governing bodies: the Eastern Shoshone Tribe and the Northern Arapaho Tribe. Until 2014, the Shoshone Business Council and Northern Arapaho Business Council met jointly as the Joint Business Council to decide matters that affect both tribes.<ref name="shoshone" /> Six elected council members from each tribe served on the joint council.

====Public lands====
[[File:Wyoming ref 2001.jpg|thumb|upright=1.8|Wyoming terrain map]]

The federal government owns nearly half of Wyoming's land (about {{convert|30099430|acre|km2}}); the state owns another {{convert|3864800|acre|km2}}.<ref name="maineenvironment.org">[http://www.maineenvironment.org/documents/publiclandownership.pdf MainEnvironment.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525081957/http://www.maineenvironment.org/documents/publiclandownership.pdf |date=May 25, 2017 }} Public Land Ownership by State, 1995 Main Environment.org</ref> Most of it is administered by the [[Bureau of Land Management]] and [[United States Forest Service|U.S. Forest Service]] in numerous [[United States National Forest|national forests]] and a [[United States National Grassland|national grassland]], not to mention vast swaths of "public" land and an [[Francis E. Warren Air Force Base|air force base]] near Cheyenne.
[[File:Map Wyoming NPS sites USA.gif|thumb|upright=1.25|National Park Service sites map]]

There are also areas managed by the [[National Park Service]] and agencies such as the [[United States Fish and Wildlife Service|U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service]].
:'''National parks'''
*[[Grand Teton National Park]]
*[[Yellowstone National Park]]—first designated national park in the world<ref name="NPindex">{{cite web|title=Listing of National Park System Areas by State |url=http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/nps/nps/part2.htm#deto |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=June 30, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629022806/http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/nps/nps/part2.htm |archive-date=June 29, 2011 }}</ref>
:'''Memorial parkway'''
*The [[John D. Rockefeller Jr. Memorial Parkway]] connects Yellowstone and Grand Teton.
:'''National recreation areas'''
*[[Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area]]
*[[Flaming Gorge National Recreation Area]] (managed by the Forest Service as part of [[Ashley National Forest]])
:'''National monuments'''
*[[Devils Tower|Devils Tower National Monument]]—first national monument in the U.S.<ref name="NPindex" />
*[[Fossil Butte National Monument]]
:'''National historic trails, landmarks and sites'''
*[[California Trail|California National Historic Trail]]
*[[Fort Laramie National Historic Site]]
*[[Independence Rock (Wyoming)|Independence Rock National Historic Landmark]]
*[[Medicine Wheel/Medicine Mountain National Historic Landmark]]
*[[Mormon Trail|Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail]]
*[[National Register of Historic Places listings in Wyoming]]
*[[Oregon Trail|Oregon National Historic Trail]]
*[[Pony Express|Pony Express National Historic Trail]]
:'''National fish hatcheries'''
*[[Jackson National Fish Hatchery]]
*[[Saratoga National Fish Hatchery]]
:'''National wildlife refuges'''
*[[National Elk Refuge]]
*[[Seedskadee National Wildlife Refuge]]
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Castle Geyser (3678669019).jpg|[[Yellowstone National Park]]
File:A110, Devils Tower National Monument, Wyoming, USA, 2004.jpg|[[Devils Tower|Devils Tower National Monument]]
File:Thunder Basin National Grassland Douglas.jpg|[[Thunder Basin National Grassland]]
File:Seedskadee nwr sunset.jpg|[[Seedskadee National Wildlife Refuge]]
</gallery>
{{wide image|Wide angle tetons.jpg|900px|align-cap=center|Panoramic view of the [[Teton Range]] looking west from [[Jackson Hole]], [[Grand Teton National Park]]}}

==Education==
{{See also|List of school districts in Wyoming|List of high schools in Wyoming}}
[[File:Rocky Mountain Herbarium University of Wyoming.JPG|thumb|The Rocky Mountain Herbarium at the University of Wyoming]]

The state superintendent of public instruction, an elected state official, directs [[public education]]. The State Board of Education, a nine-member board appointed by the governor, sets educational policy. The constitution prohibits the state from establishing curriculum and textbook selections; these are the prerogative of local school boards. The [[Wyoming School for the Deaf]] was the only in-state school dedicated to supporting [[deaf]] students before it closed in the summer of 2000.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://trib.com/news/local/deaf-alumni-saddened-by-school-s-fate/article_94be7523-5bc5-5031-97ee-9431a205cfe9.html|title=Deaf alumni saddened by school's fate|last=Watt|first=Meghan|date=October 1, 2007|work=Casper Star-Tribune|access-date=2017-04-08|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205194600/http://trib.com/news/local/deaf-alumni-saddened-by-school-s-fate/article_94be7523-5bc5-5031-97ee-9431a205cfe9.html|archive-date=December 5, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Higher education===
{{Main list|List of colleges and universities in Wyoming}}

Wyoming has a public four-year institution, the [[University of Wyoming]] in [[Laramie, Wyoming|Laramie]], and a private four-year college, [[Wyoming Catholic College]], in [[Lander, Wyoming|Lander]]. There are also seven two-year [[community college]]s.

Before the passing of a new law in 2006, Wyoming had hosted unaccredited institutions, many of them suspected [[diploma mill]]s.<ref>[http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/education/2002174735_diploma09.html Alleged "diploma mills" flocking to Wyoming] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223021228/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/education/2002174735_diploma09.html |date=December 23, 2007 }}, by Mead Gruver, ''The Seattle Times'', February 9, 2005</ref> The 2006 law requires unaccredited institutions to make one of three choices: move out of Wyoming, close down, or apply for accreditation. The [[Oregon State Office of Degree Authorization]] predicted in 2007 that in a few years the problem of diploma mills in Wyoming might be resolved.<ref>[http://www.osac.state.or.us/oda/unaccredited.aspx Unaccredited Colleges] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715144241/http://www.osac.state.or.us/oda/unaccredited.aspx |date=July 15, 2007 }}, Potential problems with degree suppliers located in these states—Wyoming, ''[[Oregon State Office of Degree Authorization]]''</ref>

==Media==
{{Main|List of television stations in Wyoming|List of newspapers in Wyoming|List of radio stations in Wyoming}}

Wyoming's media market consists of 16 broadcast TV stations, radio stations and dozens of small to medium-sized newspapers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.w3newspapers.com/usa/wyoming/ |title=Wyoming Newspapers Online |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=January 17, 2021 |website=w3newspapers.com |publisher= |access-date=January 17, 2021 |quote= |archive-date=November 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113215801/https://www.w3newspapers.com/usa/wyoming/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.stationindex.com/tv/by-state/wy |title=Television Stations |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=January 17, 2021 |website=stationindex.com |publisher= |access-date=January 17, 2021 |quote= |archive-date=May 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180527225055/http://www.stationindex.com/tv/by-state/wy |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://radio-locator.com/cgi-bin/finder?sr=Y&s=T&state=WY |title=Radio Stations in Wyoming |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=January 17, 2021 |website=radio-locator.com |publisher= |access-date=January 17, 2021 |quote= |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115223637/https://radio-locator.com/cgi-bin/finder?sr=Y&s=T&state=WY |url-status=live }}</ref> There are also a few small independent news sources such as the nonprofit news site Wyofile.com<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wyofile.com/about/ |title=About us |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=January 17, 2021 |website=wyofile.com |publisher=Wyofile |access-date=January 17, 2021 |quote= |archive-date=December 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201221001201/https://www.wyofile.com/about/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and Oil City News.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://oilcity.news/about// |title=About us |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=January 17, 2021 |website=oilcity.news |publisher=Oil City News |access-date=January 17, 2021 |quote= |archive-date=January 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112042740/https://oilcity.news/about/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Government and politics==

{{Further|Wyoming Constitution|Elections in Wyoming}}
[[File:Wyoming State Capitol.jpg|thumb|Wyoming State Capitol building, Cheyenne]]
[[File:State of Wyoming logo.svg|thumb|Logo for the State of Wyoming]]

===State government===
Wyoming's Constitution established [[separation of powers|three branches of government]]: the [[List of Governors of Wyoming|executive]], [[Wyoming Legislature|legislative]], and [[Wyoming Supreme Court|judicial]] branches. The [[Wyoming State Legislature|state legislature]] comprises a [[Wyoming House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] with 60 members and a [[Wyoming Senate|Senate]] with 30 members. The executive branch is headed by the [[Governor of Wyoming|governor]] and includes a [[Secretary of State of Wyoming|secretary of state]], [[Wyoming State Auditor|auditor]], treasurer, and superintendent of public instruction. As Wyoming does not have a [[Lieutenant governor (United States)#Wyoming|lieutenant governor]], the secretary of state is first in the line of succession.

Wyoming's sparse population warrants the state only one [[at-large]] seat in the [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House of Representatives]], and hence only three votes in the [[Electoral College (United States)|Electoral College]].

The Wyoming State Liquor Association is the state's sole legal wholesale distributor of spirits, making it an [[alcoholic beverage control state]]. With the exception of wine, state law prohibits the purchase of alcoholic beverages for resale from any other source.<ref name=WYlaws>{{cite web|url=http://wyoliquor.org/html/common_questions.htm |title=Common Questions |publisher=Wyoming State Liquor Association |access-date=18 Feb 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140212185550/http://wyoliquor.org/html/common_questions.htm |archive-date=February 12, 2014}}</ref>

===Judicial system===

Wyoming's highest court is the [[Supreme Court of Wyoming]], with five justices presiding over appeals from the state's lower courts. Wyoming is unusual in that it does not have an intermediate [[appellate court]], like most states. This is largely attributable to the state's population and correspondingly lower caseload. Appeals from the state district courts go directly to the Wyoming Supreme Court. Wyoming also has state circuit courts (formerly county courts), of limited jurisdiction, which handle certain types of cases, such as civil claims with lower dollar amounts, misdemeanor criminal offenses, and [[felony]] [[arraignment]]s. Circuit court judges also commonly hear small claims cases as well.

Before 1972, Wyoming judges were selected by popular vote on a nonpartisan ballot. This earlier system was criticized by the state bar which called for the adoption of the [[Missouri Plan]], a system designed to balance judiciary independence with judiciary accountability. In 1972, an amendment to Article{{nbsp}}5 of the [[Wyoming Constitution]], which incorporated a modified version of the plan, was adopted by the voters. Since the adoption of the amendment, all state court judges in Wyoming are nominated by the Judicial Nominating Commission and appointed by the Governor. They are then subject to a [[retention vote]] by the electorate one year after appointment.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hubble |first1=Larry |title=The Equality State: Government and Politics in Wyoming |date=2008 |publisher=Eddie Bowers Publishing Co. |location=Peosta, Iowa |isbn=978-1-57879-076-0 |pages=91–92 |edition=6th|display-authors=etal}}</ref>

===Political history===
{{further|Political party strength in Wyoming}}
[[File:Party registration by Wyoming county.svg|thumb|Party registration by Wyoming county (March 2023):
{{legend-col|thumb size=narrow
|{{legend|#e27f7f|2=Republican ≥ 50%}}
|{{legend|#d75d5d|2=Republican ≥ 60%}}
|{{legend|#d72f30|2=Republican ≥ 70%}}
|{{legend|#c21b18|2=Republican ≥ 80%}}
|{{legend|#a80000|2=Republican ≥ 90%}}
}}
]]

{| class="wikitable floatright"
|+ Voter registration and party enrollment {{as of|2025|6|1|df=US}}:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sos.wyo.gov/Elections/VRStats.aspx |title=Statewide Summary: Wyoming Voter Registration|website=Wyoming Secretary of State|date=March 1, 2023|access-date=May 17, 2024}}</ref>
|-
! colspan = 2 | Party
! Number of voters
! Percentage
|-
| {{party color cell|Republican Party (United States)}}
| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 212,201
| style="text-align:center;"| 77.21%
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (United States)}}
| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 31,904
| style="text-align:center;"| 11.60%
|-
| {{party color cell|Independent Party (United States)}}
| [[Independent (politician)|Unaffiliated]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 25,981 
| style="text-align:center;"| 9.45%
|-
| {{party color cell|Libertarian Party (United States)}}
| [[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 1,804
| style="text-align:center;"| 0.65%
|-
| {{party color cell|Constitution Party (United States)}}
| [[Constitution Party (United States)|Constitution]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 552
| style="text-align:center;"| 0.20%
|-
| {{party color cell|Other parties (US)}}
|[[List of political parties in the United States|Other]]/No labels
| style="text-align:center;"| 2,379
| style="text-align:center;"| 0.86%
|-
! colspan = 2 | Total
! style="text-align:center;"| 274,821
! style="text-align:center;"| 100.00%
|}

Wyoming's political history defies easy classification. The state was the first to grant women the right to vote and to elect a woman governor.<ref name="Today in History">{{cite web |url=http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/dec10.html |title=Today in History |publisher=The Library of Congress |access-date=July 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120608171436/http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/dec10.html |archive-date=June 8, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> On December 10, 1869, [[John Allen Campbell]], the first Governor of the Wyoming Territory, approved the first law in United States history explicitly granting women the right to vote. This day was later commemorated as Wyoming Day.<ref name="Today in History"/> On November 5, 1889, voters approved the first constitution in the world granting full voting rights to women.<ref name="Today in History"/>

While the state elected notable [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] to federal office in the 1960s and 1970s, politics have become decidedly more conservative since the 1980s as the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] came to dominate the state's congressional delegation. Today, Wyoming is represented in Washington by its two Senators, [[John Barrasso]] and [[Cynthia Lummis]], and its one member of the House of Representatives, Congresswoman [[Harriet Hageman]]. All three are Republicans; a Democrat has not represented Wyoming in the Senate since 1977 or in the House since 1978. The state has not voted for a Democrat for president since 1964, one of only eight times since statehood. In the 2004 presidential election, [[George W. Bush]] won his second-largest victory, with 69% of the vote. Former Vice President [[Dick Cheney]] was a Wyoming resident and represented the state in Congress from 1979 to 1989.

The last time a Democrat won a statewide election in Wyoming was in [[2006 Wyoming gubernatorial election|2006]], when Democratic governor [[Dave Freudenthal]] was re-elected to a second term by a wide margin, winning every county in the state. For 19 of Wyoming's 23 counties, 2006 marked the last time that they voted for the Democratic nominee in a statewide race. Of the remaining 4, [[Sweetwater County]] last voted Democratic in the [[2008 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming|2008 U.S. House race]] and [[Laramie County]] last voted Democratic in the [[2014 Wyoming elections#Superintendent of Public Instruction|2014 Superintendent of Public Instruction race]], leaving [[Teton County, Wyoming|Teton]] and [[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany]] as the only counties that Democrats are able to win. Teton, which is composed of affluent resort communities, is reliably Democratic, except in Republican landslides like the [[2022 Wyoming gubernatorial election|2022 gubernatorial election]]; Albany, which contains the [[college town]] of [[Laramie, Wyoming|Laramie]], is more competitive.

Republicans are dominant at the state level. They have held a majority in the state senate continuously since 1936 and in the state house since 1964, though Democrats held the [[governor of Wyoming|governorship]] for all but eight years between 1975 and 2011. Uniquely, Wyoming elected Democrat [[Nellie Tayloe Ross]] as the first woman in United States history to serve as state governor. She served from 1925 to 1927, winning a special election after her husband, [[William Bradford Ross]], unexpectedly died a little more than a year into his term.<ref>{{cite book |author=Teva J. Scheer |title=Governor lady: the life and times of Nellie Tayloe Ross |url=https://archive.org/details/governorladylife00sche_0 |url-access=registration |publisher=University of Missouri Press |location=Columbia |year=2005 |page=[https://archive.org/details/governorladylife00sche_0/page/73 73] |isbn=978-0-8262-1626-7 }}</ref>

Wyoming retains the [[death penalty]]. Authorized methods of execution include the [[gas chamber]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/executions/methods-of-execution | title=Methods of Execution }}</ref>

==Culture==
===Sports===
{{see also|List of college athletic programs in Wyoming}}
Due to its sparse population, Wyoming lacks any major professional sports teams; the [[Gillette Mustangs]], an [[Indoor American football|indoor football]] team based in Gillette that began play in 2021 prior to their departure from the city in 2023, were previously the only professional team in the state. However, the [[Wyoming Cowboys and Cowgirls]]—particularly the [[Wyoming Cowboys football|football]] and basketball teams—are quite popular; their stadiums in Laramie are about {{convert|7,200|ft|m}} above sea level, the highest in [[NCAA Division&nbsp;I|NCAA Division{{nbsp}}I]]. The [[Wyoming High School Activities Association]] also sponsors twelve sports and there are three [[junior ice hockey]] teams, all of which are members of the [[North American 3 Hockey League|NA3HL]]. [[Casper, Wyoming|Casper]] has hosted the [[College National Finals Rodeo]] since 2001.

===State symbols===

{{Main list|List of Wyoming state symbols}}
[[File:Indian Paintbrush in Grand Teton NP-NPS.jpg|thumb|State flower of Wyoming: Indian paintbrush]]

List of all Wyoming state symbols:<ref name="WyoFacts" />
*[[List of U.S. state birds|State bird]]: [[western meadowlark]] (''[[Sturnella neglecta]]'')
*State coin: [[Sacagawea dollar]]
*[[State dinosaur]]: ''[[Triceratops]]''
*State emblem: [[Bucking Horse and Rider]]
*[[State fish]]: [[cutthroat trout]] (''Oncorhynchus clarki'')
*[[Flags of the U.S. states|State flag]]: [[Flag of the State of Wyoming]]
*[[List of U.S. state flowers|State flower]]: [[Castilleja linariifolia|Wyoming Indian paintbrush]] (''Castilleja linariifolia'')
*[[State fossil]]: ''[[Knightia]]''
*[[List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones|State gemstone]]: [[Nephrite|Wyoming nephrite jade]]
*[[List of U.S. state grasses|State grass]]: [[Pascopyrum|western wheatgrass]] (''Pascopyrum smithii'')
*[[List of U.S. state insects|State insect]]: [[Callophrys sheridanii|Sheridan's green hairstreak butterfly]] (''Callophrys sheridanii'')
*[[List of U.S. state mammals|State mammal]]: [[American bison]] (''Bison bison'')
*[[List of U.S. state mottos|State motto]]: ''[[Equal Rights (motto)|Equal Rights]]''
*[[List of U.S. state nicknames|State nicknames]]: Equality State; Cowboy State; Big Wyoming
*[[State reptile]]: [[horned lizard]] (''[[Phrynosoma douglassi brevirostre]]'')
*[[Seals of the U.S. states|State seal]]: [[Great Seal of the State of Wyoming]]
*[[List of U.S. state songs|State song]]: "[[Wyoming (song)|Wyoming]]" by [[Charles E. Winter]] & George E. Knapp
*[[List of U.S. state sports|State sport]]: [[rodeo]]
*[[List of U.S. state trees|State tree]]: [[plains cottonwood]] (''Populus sargentii'')

==See also==
{{Portal|Wyoming|United States|North America}}
*[[Bibliography of Wyoming history]]
*[[Index of Wyoming-related articles]]
*[[Outline of Wyoming]]
*[[Chess in Wyoming]]
*[[Wyoming as a corporate haven]]{{clear}}

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

{{Sister project links|voy=Wyoming}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120402231106/http://www.wyoming.gov/ State of Wyoming government official website]
*[http://www.wyomingtourism.org/ Official Wyoming State Travel Website]
*[http://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/state-fact-sheets/state-data.aspx?StateFIPS=56&StateName=Wyoming#.U85_hvldVu0 Wyoming State Facts from USDA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160824213350/http://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/state-fact-sheets/state-data.aspx?StateFIPS=56&StateName=Wyoming#.U85_hvldVu0 |date=August 24, 2016 }}
*{{osmrelation-inline|161991}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Idaho]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of U.S. states by date of statehood]]|years=Admitted on July 10, 1890 (44th)}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Utah]]}}
{{s-end}}

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