View source for XQuartz

{{short description|Version of the X.Org X server for macOS}}
{{use mdy dates|date=October 2013}}
{{Infobox software
| name = XQuartz (X11.app)
| logo = X11app.png
| screenshot =
| caption =
| developer = Jeremy Huddleston Sequoia, [[X.Org Foundation]], [[Apple Inc.]]
| programming language = [[C (programming language)|C]]
| latest release version = 2.8.5
| latest release date = {{release date and age|2023|01|26}}
| operating system = [[macOS]]
| genre = [[Display server]]
| license = [[Apple Public Source License]]<br />[[MIT License]]
| website = {{URL|https://www.xquartz.org}}
}}

'''XQuartz''' is an open-source version of the [[X.Org Server|X.Org X server]], a [[display server]] for the [[X Window System]] (sometimes shortened to X11 or X) that runs on [[macOS]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.xquartz.org|title=XQuartz}}</ref>  In 2012, it formally replaced Apple's internal X11 app for OS X Mountain Lion (version 10.8). The name "XQuartz" derives from [[Quartz (graphics layer)|Quartz]], part of the macOS Core Graphics framework, to which XQuartz connects these applications. XQuartz allows [[cross-platform]] applications using X11 for the GUI to run on macOS, many of which are not specifically designed for macOS. This includes numerous scientific and academic software projects.<ref name=":0" />

== History ==

X11.app was initially available as a downloadable public [[Development stage|beta]] for [[Mac OS X v10.2|Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar]] and later included as a standard package for [[Mac OS X v10.3|Mac OS X 10.3 Panther]]. In [[Mac OS X v10.4|Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger]] X11.app was an optional install included on the install DVD. [[Mac OS X v10.5|Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard]], [[Mac OS X v10.6|Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard]], and [[Mac OS X v10.7|Mac OS X 10.7 Lion]] installed X11.app by default, but from [[OS X Mountain Lion|OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion]] on Apple dropped dedicated support for X11.app, with users being directed to the [[Open-source software|open source]] XQuartz project (to which Apple contributes) instead.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.macrumors.com/2012/02/17/apple-removes-x11-in-os-x-mountain-lion-shifts-support-to-open-source-xquartz/|title=Apple Removes X11 in OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion, Shifts Support to Open Source XQuartz|access-date=2016-09-14}}</ref>

In [[Mac OS X v10.4|Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger]], Apple's X11 implemented [[X protocol|X11 protocol]] release 6.6 (X11R6.6). This implementation includes an XFree86 4.4 based X11 window server, [[Quartz (graphics layer)|Quartz]] rootless window manager, libraries, and basic utilities such as [[xterm]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://developer.apple.com/opensource/tools/X11.html |title=XQuartz |date=2016-10-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021001147/https://developer.apple.com/opensource/tools/X11.html |archive-date=21 October 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> "Rootless" means that X window applications show up on the Quartz desktop, appearing like any other windowed Quartz application (that is, not in a virtual desktop contained within another window). In [[Mac OS X v10.5|Mac OS X Leopard]], X11 was updated to use [[X.Org Server]] (X11R7.2) rather than [[XFree86]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.macworld.com/article/1060811/leopard_terminal_x11.html?page=2|title=Inside Leopard: Under-the-hood, Page 2|date=2007-11-02|access-date=2020-06-30|website=[[Macworld]]}}</ref> The source code for X11 is available from Apple. Some source code is available under the [[Apple Public Source License]] while the bulk is licensed under the [[MIT License]].

== Current version ==
The current version of XQuartz is a DDX (Device Dependent X<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.x.org/wiki/Development/Documentation/Glossary/|title=Glossary|website=www.x.org|access-date=2016-09-15}}</ref>) included in the [[X.Org Server]] and implements support for hardware-accelerated [[2D computer graphics|2D graphics]] (in versions prior to 2.1), hardware [[OpenGL]] acceleration and integration with [[Aqua (GUI)|Aqua]], the macOS [[graphical user interface]] (GUI). As of version 2.8.0, XQuartz does not provide support for high-resolution [[Retina display]]s to X11 apps, which run in pixel-doubled mode on high-resolution displays.

== List of versions (since 2010) ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Version<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.xquartz.org/releases/archive.html|title=XQuartz - Releases Archive|website=www.xquartz.org|access-date=2017-01-22}}</ref>
!macOS Requirement
!Most important changes
!Release date
|-
|XQuartz 2.8.5
|Mac OS X Mavericks 10.9 or later
|
|2023-01-26
|-
|XQuartz 2.8.4
|Mac OS X Mavericks 10.9 or later
|
|2022-12-24
|-
|XQuartz 2.8.3
|Mac OS X Mavericks 10.9 or later
|
|2022-12-09
|-
|XQuartz 2.8.2
|Mac OS X Mavericks 10.9 or later
|
|2022-06-30
|-
|XQuartz 2.8.1
|Mac OS X Mavericks 10.9 or later
|
|2021-04-25
|-
|XQuartz 2.8.0
|Mac OS X Mavericks 10.9 or later
|Native support for [[Apple M1]] Macs.
|2021-03-21
|-
|XQuartz 2.7.11
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|Last release supported on [[Mac OS X Snow Leopard]]
|2016-10-29
|-
|XQuartz 2.7.10
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|
|2016-10-22
|-
|XQuartz 2.7.9
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|
|2016-05-05
|-
|XQuartz 2.7.8
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|First release supported on [[OS X El Capitan]]
|2015-10-17
|-
|XQuartz 2.7.7
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|First release supported on [[OS X Yosemite]]
|2014-08-18
|-
|XQuartz 2.7.6
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|
|2014-05-17
|-
|XQuartz 2.7.5
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|First release supported on [[OS X Mavericks]]
|2013-11-10
|-
|XQuartz 2.7.4
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|
|2012-09-27
|-
|XQuartz 2.7.3
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|
|2012-08-27
|-
|XQuartz 2.7.2
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|First release supported on [[OS X Mountain Lion]]
|2012-06-01
|-
|XQuartz 2.7.1
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|
|2012-06-01
|-
|XQuartz 2.7.0
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|First release supported on [[Mac OS X Lion|Mac OS X 10.7 Lion]]
|2011-11-04
|-
|XQuartz 2.6.3
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|
|2011-07-20
|-
|XQuartz 2.6.2
|Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3 or later
|
|2011-04-30
|-
|XQuartz 2.6.1
|Mac OS X Leopard 10.5.8, Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3, or later
|Last release supported on [[Mac OS X Leopard]]
|2011-03-17
|-
|XQuartz 2.6.0
|Mac OS X Leopard 10.5.8, Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3, or later
|
|2010-12-19
|-
|XQuartz 2.5.3
|Mac OS X Leopard 10.5.8, Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3, or later
|
|2010-08-13
|-
|XQuartz 2.5.2
|Mac OS X Leopard 10.5.8, Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3, or later
|
|2010-07-20
|-
|XQuartz 2.5.1
|Mac OS X Leopard 10.5.8, Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3, or later
|
|2010-07-10
|-
|XQuartz 2.5.0
|Mac OS X Leopard 10.5.8, Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.6.3, or later
|First release supported on [[Mac OS X Snow Leopard]]
|2010-03-29
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|Free and open-source software}}
*[[MacX]], X11 support on Classic Mac OS
*[[XWayland]], to support X application under [[Wayland (display server protocol)|Wayland]]
*[[XDarwin]], an implementation of X for macOS that preceded XQuartz, and supports versions of macOS before 10.3 unlike XQuartz

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|www.xquartz.org}}

{{XWinSys}}
{{macOS}}

[[Category:MacOS-only software made by Apple Inc.]]
[[Category:Software using the Apple Public Source License]]
[[Category:X servers]]