View source for Yakuts

{{Short description|Turkic ethnic group in North Siberia}}
{{Distinguish|Yokuts|Yupik peoples{{!}}Yupiks|Yakult|Yakutsk}}
{{Redirect-distinguish|Sakhas|Saka{{!}}Sakas}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group            = Yakuts
| native_name      = ''Саха''
| image            = 
| image_caption    = A Yakut family
| pop              = {{circa}} '''500,000'''
| region1          = {{Flag|Russia}}
| pop1             = 470,000 (2010){{sfn|Russia|2010a}}
| region2          = {{Flag|United States}}
| pop2             = 7,885 (2020){{sfn|USB|2020}}
| region3          = {{Flag|Canada}}
| pop3             = 4,933 (2021){{sfn|CAS|2021}}
| languages        = [[Yakut language|Yakut]], [[Russian language|Russian]], [[english language|English]] (in Canada and U.S.)
| religions        = [[Russian Orthodoxy|Orthodox Christianity]], [[Aiyy Faith]], [[Shamanism]], [[Tengrism]]
| related          = [[Dolgans]], [[Tuvans]], [[Buryats]], [[Mongols]] (partially, possibly through Kurykans), [[Evenks]], [[Evens]] and [[Yukagirs]]
| native_name_lang = 
| flag             = Flag of Sakha.svg
| flag_caption     = Flag of [[Sakha Republic|Yakutia]]
}}

The '''Yakuts''' or '''Sakha''' ({{langx|sah|саха}}, {{Transliteration|sah|saxa}}; {{small|plural:}} {{lang|sah|сахалар}}, {{Transliteration|sah|saxalar}}) are a [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] ethnic group native to North Siberia, primarily the [[Sakha Republic|Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)]] in the [[Russia|Russian Federation]]. They also inhabit some districts of the [[Krasnoyarsk Krai]]. They speak [[Yakut language|Yakut]], which belongs to the [[Siberian Turkic languages|Siberian branch of the Turkic languages]].

==Etymology==
According to Alexey Kulakovsky, the Russian word {{Transliteration|ru|yakut}} was taken from the [[Evenki language|Evenki]] {{Langx|evn|екэ|translit=yekə̄|label=none}}, while Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer claims the Russian word is actually a corruption from the [[Tungusic languages|Tungusic]] form.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Balzer |first1=Marjorie |title=Culture incarnate: native anthropology from Russia |date=1995 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |location=Armonk, N.Y. |isbn=1-56324-535-3 |page=25}}</ref> According to ethnographer [[Somfai Kara David|Dávid Somfai]], the Russian ''yakut'' derives from the [[Buryat language|Buryat]] ''yaqud'', which is the plural form of the Buryat name for the Yakuts, ''yaqa''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kara |first=Dávid Somfai |author-link=Somfai Kara David |date=2018 |title=The Formation of Modern Turkic 'Ethnic' Groups in Central and Inner Asia |journal=The Hungarian Historical Review |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=98–110 |issn=2063-8647 |jstor=26571579 |quote=The name yaqa is the Buriad version of saxa. Its plural form yaqūd is the etymology for the Russian name Yakut.}}</ref> The Yakuts call themselves {{Transliteration|sah|Sakha}}, or {{Transliteration|sah|Urangai Sakha}} (Yakut: {{lang|sah|Уран Саха}}, {{Transliteration|sah|Uran Sakha}}) in some old chronicles.{{sfn|ITNR|2018}}

==Origin==

===Early scholarship===
An early work on the Yakut ethnogenesis was drafted by the Russian [[Collegiate Assessor]]s I. Evers and S. Gornovsky in the late 18th century. At an unspecified time in the past certain tribes resided around the western shore of the [[Aral Sea]]. These peoples later migrated eastward and settled near the [[Tunka Goltsy]] mountains of modern [[Buryatia]]. Pressure from the expansionist Mongolian Empire later made many of those around the Tunka Goltsy relocate to the Lena River. Several additional [[Altai-Sayan region]] tribes later arrived on the Lena to flee from the Mongols. The subsequent cultural melding that occurred between these incoming migrants eventually created the Yakuts. The Sagay [[Khakas]] of [[Abakan (river)|Abakan River]] were presented as the origin of the ethnonym Sakha by Evers and Gornovsky.{{sfn|Ivanov|1974|pp=168–170}}{{sfn|Ushnitskiy|2016a|p=150}}

In the mid-19th century, Nikolai S. Schukin wrote "A Trip to Yakutsk" based on his experiences visiting the area. He presented a somewhat different origin of the Yakuts that is based upon local oral histories. Groups of Khakas inhabiting the southern [[Yenisey]] watershed migrated north to the [[Nizhnyaya Tunguska River]] to the [[Lena Plateau]] and finally onward to the Lena River.{{sfn|Schukin|1844|pp=273–274}} Schukin is credited as introducing the concept of Yenisey Khakas as the ancestors of the Yakut into Russian historiography.{{sfn|Ksenofontov|1992|p=72}} The most authoritative account in support of the Yenisey origin hypothesis was written by Nikolai N. Kozmin in 1928.{{sfn|Ksenofontov|1992|p=108}} He concluded that some Khakas moved from the Yenisey to the [[Angara River]] due to difficulties in the regional economy. In the 12th century, Buryats arrived at [[Lake Baikal]] and through military force pushed the Khakas to the Lena.{{sfn|Kozmin|1928|p=273}}{{sfn|Ushnitskiy|2016a|p=152}}

===Lake Baikal===
In 1893, Turkologist scholar [[Vasily Radlov]] connected the [[Kurykans]] or Gǔlìgān ({{lang-zh|骨利干}}) [[Tiele people]] from Chinese historical accounts with the Yakuts. They are mentioned as 7th-century tributaries of the [[Tang dynasty]], reportedly living on the Angara and around Lake Baikal. Radlov hypothesized they were a mixture of Tungusic and Uyghur peoples and the forebears of the Yakut.{{sfn|Radlov|1893|p=134}}

===Khoro===
The Khoro (Khorin, Khorolors,Khori) Yakut maintain their progenitor was Uluu Khoro, rather than Omogoy or Ellei. Scholarship has not definitively established their ancestral ethnic affiliations. Their homeland was somewhere in the south and called Khoro sire. When the Khorolors arrived in the Middle Lena remains uncertain, with scholars estimating from the first millennium to the 16th century AD.{{sfn|Zoriktuev|2011}}

Among scholars a commonly accepted hypothesis is that the Khoro Yakut originate from the Khori Buryat of Lake Baikal,{{sfn|Rumyantsev|1962|p=144}}{{sfn|Ovchinnikov|1897}} and therefore spoke a Turko-Mongolic language.{{according to whom|date=October 2024}}{{sfn|Nimaev|1988|p=108}} This is largely based on their similar ethnonyms. Proponents see the word Khoro as arising from the Tibetan word hor ({{langx|bo|[[wikt:ཧོར|ཧོར]]}}).{{sfn|Karmay|1993|p=244}}{{sfn|de Roerich|1999|p=42}} For example, according to G. N. Runyanstev, during the 6th through 10th centuries CE the inhabitants of Lake Baikal were called Chor.{{sfn|Rumyantsev|1962|pp=127–128}} Okladnikov guessed that Khoro sire was near China and adjacent to the X.{{vague|date=June 2022}}

This premise is not universally accepted and has been challenged by some researchers.{{sfn|Dashieva|2020|pp=943–944}} [[George de Roerich]] has argued that the word is based on the Chinese word hu ({{lang-zh|[[wikt:胡|胡]]}}), a term used as general reference by the Chinese to refer to nomadic Mongolic peoples of Central Asia. In contemporary Tibetan hor is used to describe any pastoralist "nomad of mixed origin" regardless of their ethnonym.{{sfn|de Roerich|1999|p=89}} After researching their origins, [[Gavriil Ksenofontov]] concluded that while the Khorolors were "formed from parts of some alien tribe that mixed with the Yakuts", there was no compelling evidence connecting them with the Khori Buryat.{{sfn|Zoriktuev|2011|p=120}}

A more recent argument by Zoriktuev proposes that the Khorolors were originally Paleo-Asians from the Lower Amur River.{{sfn|Zoriktuev|2011}} In contrast to their Yakut relatives, Khoro folklore focuses largely on the Raven, with some tales about the Eagle as well. In the mid 18th century Lindenau noted the Khorolors focused their religious devotion on the Raven,{{sfn|Lindenau|1983|p=18}} who was alternatively referred to as "Our ancestor", "Our deity", and "Our grandfather" by the Khorolors. This reverence arises from the Raven enabling a struggling human (either the first Khoro man or his mother) to survive by giving a flint and tinder box. Their mythos is similar to cultures from both sides of the Bering Sea.{{according to whom|date=October 2024}} The Haida, Tlingit, Tshisham of the North American Pacific Northwest Coast and the Paleoasians of the Siberian Coast like the Chukchi, Itelmen, and Koryaks all share reverence for the Raven.{{sfn|Krasheninnikov|1949|p=406}}

===Autochthonous ancestry===
Many researchers have concluded that the Yakut ethnogenesis was an admixture of Turks migrating from Lake-Baikal and native Yukaghir and Tungusitic peoples residing around the Lena River.{{sfn|Tokarev|1949}}{{sfn|Okladnikov|1955}}{{sfn|Konstantinov|1978}}{{sfn|Gogolev|1993}} Okladnikov detailed this conceived admixture process as the following:<blockquote>"...the Turkic-speaking ancestors of the Yakuts not only pushed out the aborigines but also subjected them to their influence by peaceful means; they assimilated and absorbed them into their mass... With this, the local tribes lost the former ethnic name and a proper ethnic consciousness, no longer separating themselves from the mass of Yakuts, and [were] not opposed to them... Consequently, as a result of the mixing with Northern aborigines, the southern ancestors of the Yakuts supplemented their culture and language with new features distinguishing them from other steppe tribes."</blockquote>

Traditional Yakut histories contain stories of the aboriginal peoples of Yakutia. From the [[subarctic]] [[Bulunsky District|Bulunsky]] and [[Verkhoyansky District]]s, accounts state that the Black Yukaghir (Yakut: хара дъукаагырдар) descended from migrants pushed north from the Lena River.{{sfn|Ergis|1960|p=282}} Related stories recorded in [[Ust'-Aldanskiy Ulus]] and [[Megino-Kangalassky District]] mention certain tribes leaving the region due to rising pressure from the incoming Yakuts. While some remained and intermarried with the newcomer, most went to the northern tundra.{{sfn|Ergis|1960|pp=92–93}}

====Ymyyakhtakh====
The [[Ymyyakhtakh culture|Ymyyakhtakh]] are an ancient people of the Lena River.{{according to whom|date=October 2024}} A burial ground was excavated{{when|date=October 2024}} and anthropologists I.I. Gokhman and L.F. Tomtosova studied the human remains and published their results in 1992. They concluded that some of the Late Neolithic population took part in the formation of the modern Yakuts.{{sfn|Gokhman|Tomtosova|1992|p=117}} The consistency of related artistic embellishments on the traditional clothing of the Buryat, Samoyed, and Yakut led one scholar to conclude they are related.{{sfn|Pavlinskaya|2001|p=231}} Toponymic data of Yakutia indicates there was once a presence of Paleoasian and Samoyed habitation in the region.{{sfn|Stepanov|2005}} Vilyui Tumats reportedly practiced [[Human cannibalism|anthropophagy]] and seen as an "ethnocultural marker" of the Samoyedic peoples.{{sfn|Bravina|Petrov|2018|pp=121–122}}

====Tumats====
The Tumat stand out in Yakut tradition as a numerous and powerful society, with constant conflict once happening with them on the [[Vilyuy River]].{{sfn|Ergis|1960|p=103}} Their households were semi-subterranean with sod roofing and are comparable to traditional Samoyed dwellings.{{sfn|Bravina|Petrov|2018|p=120}} The term Doubo ({{lang-zh|都播}}) was used in medieval Chinese historical works in reference to the Sayano-Altai forest peoples. [[Vasily Radlov]] concluded that Doubo referred to the Samoyedic peoples.{{sfn|Radlov|1893|p=191}} Doubo is additionally seen as the origin of the ethnonym "Tumat" by L. P. Potapov.{{sfn|Potapov|1969|p=182}}

The Yakuts called the Tumat people "Dyirikinei" or "chipmunk people" (Yakut: Sдьирикинэй), arising from the Tumatian "tail-coat." Bundles of deer fur were dyed with red ocher and sewn into Tumatian jackets as adornments. Tumat hats were likewise dyed red.{{sfn|Okladnikov|1955|p=339}} This style was likely spread by the Tumatians to some Tungusic peoples. Similar clothing has been reported during the 17th century for the Evenks on the upper Angara and for Evens residing on the lower Kolyma in the early 19th century.{{sfn|Tugolukov|1985|pp=216, 235}} Additionally there are many similarities between the clothing of the Tumats and Altaic cultures. Archeological work on [[Pazyryk culture]] sites have turned up both hats dyed red and tail-coats made of sables. While the "tails" were not dyed red, they were sewn with red dyed thread. Stylistic and design choices are also comparable to traditional [[Khakas]] and [[Kumandin]] clothing.{{sfn|Bravina|Petrov|2018|p=121}}

Some peaceable interactions including intermarriage did occur with the Tumats. One such example is the life of Džaardaakh ({{langx|ru|Джаардаах}}), a Tumatian woman. She was renowned for her physical strength and martial repute as an archer. However Džaardaakh eventually married a Yakut man and is considered a notable ancestor of the local Vilyuy Yakut.{{sfn|Ksenofontov|1977|p=206}} The origin of her name has been linked to a Yukaghir word for ice (Yukaghir: йархан).{{sfn|Ivanov|2000|p=19}}

The ancestors of Yakuts were [[Kurykans]] who migrated from [[Yenisey]] river to [[Lake Baikal]] and were subject to a certain Mongolian admixture prior to migration in the 7th century.{{sfn|Khar'kov|Stepanov|Medvedev|Spiridonova|2008}} The Yakuts originally lived around [[Olkhon]] and the region of [[Lake Baikal]]. Beginning in the 13th century they migrated to the basins of the Middle [[Lena River|Lena]], the [[Aldan River|Aldan]] and [[Vilyuy River|Vilyuy]] rivers under the pressure of the rising [[Mongol]]s. The northern Yakuts were largely hunters, fishermen and [[reindeer]] herders, while the southern Yakuts raised [[Yakutian cattle|cattle]] and [[Yakutian horse|horses]].{{sfn|Levin|Potapov|1956}}{{sfn|Antipin|1963}}

==History==

===Imperial Russia===
[[File:Yakuts Sakhas.jpg|thumb|Yakuts, early 20th c.]]

In the 1620s, the [[Tsardom of Russia|Tsardom of Muscovy]] began to move into their territory and annexed or settled down on it, imposed a fur tax and [[Genocide of indigenous peoples#Russian tsarist conquest of Siberia|managed to suppress several Yakut rebellions]] between 1634 and 1642. The tsarist brutality in collection of the pelt tax (''yasak'') sparked a rebellion and aggression among the Yakuts and also [[Tungusic languages|Tungusic]]-speaking tribes along the River [[Lena River|Lena]] in 1642. The [[voivode]] Peter Golovin, leader of the tsarist forces, responded with a reign of terror: native settlements were torched and hundreds of people were killed. The Yakut population alone is estimated to have fallen by 70 percent between 1642 and 1682, mainly because of [[smallpox]] and other [[infectious disease]]s.{{sfn|Richards|2003|p=238}}{{sfn|Levene|Roberts|1999|p=155}}

In the 18th century the Russians reduced the pressure,{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}} gave Yakut chiefs some privileges,{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}} granted freedom for all inhabitants,{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}} gave them all their lands,{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}} sent Eastern Orthodox missions, and educated the Yakut people regarding agriculture.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}} The discovery of [[gold]] and, later, the building of the [[Trans-Siberian Railway]], brought ever-increasing numbers of Russians into the region. By the 1820s almost all the Yakuts claimed to have converted to the [[Russian Orthodox]] church, but they retained (and still retain) a number of shamanist practices. Yakut literature began to rise in the late 19th century, and a national revival occurred in the early 20th century.

===Russian Civil War===
The last conflict of the [[Russian Civil War]], known as the [[Yakut Revolt]], occurred here when [[Cornet (military rank)|Cornet]] [[Mikhail Korobeinikov]], a [[White movement|White Russian]] officer, led an uprising and a last stand against the [[Red Army]].

===Soviet Union===
In 1922, the new Soviet government named the area the [[Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]]. In the late 1920s through the late 1930s, Yakut people were systematically persecuted, when [[Joseph Stalin]] launched his collectivization campaign.{{sfn|Davis|Harrison|Howell|2007|p=141}} It is possible that hunger and malnutrition during this period resulted in a decline in the Yakut total population from 240,500 in 1926 to 236,700 in 1959. By 1972, the population began to recover.{{sfn|Lewis|2012}}

===Russian Federation===
[[File:Yakuts in Yakutia raions percentage 2010.svg|thumb|The percentage of Yakuts in the districts of [[Sakha Republic|Yakutia]], in the 2010 census]]

Currently, Yakuts form a large plurality of the total population within the vast [[Sakha Republic|Republic of Sakha]]. According to the [[Russian Census (2021)|2021 Russian census]], there were a total of 469,348 Yakuts residing in the Sakha Republic during that year, or 55.3% of the total population of the Republic.<ref name=census2021>{{cite web|title=Национальный состав населения|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Tom5_tab1_VPN-2020.xlsx|publisher=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Federal State Statistics Service]]|access-date=30 December 2022}}</ref>

==Culture==
{{See also|Yakutian knife|Olonkho}} 
[[File:Sakha woman.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|A Yakut woman in traditional dress]]

The Yakuts engage in animal husbandry, traditionally having focused on rearing [[horse]]s, mainly the [[Yakutian horse]], [[Reindeer in Russia|reindeer]] and the {{Transliteration|sah|Sakha Ynagha}} ('Yakutian cow'), a hardy kind of [[cattle]] known as [[Yakutian cattle]] which is well adapted to the harsh local weather.{{sfn|Kantanen|2012}}{{sfn|Meerson}} There is a widespread notion among other ethnic minorities in [[Russia]] based on their experience (for example, among geographically close Mongolic [[Buryats]]) that the Sakha (i.e. Yakuts) are the least [[Russification|russified]] ethnic group in Russia and that the knowledge of the native language is widespread, particularly (as is often said) due to the cold and freezing nature of their geographical habitat, and [[Russians|Russians']] general avoidance of colonizing those lands.

Certain [[rock formation]]s named [[Kigilyakh]], as well as places such as [[Ynnakh Mountain]], are held in high esteem by Yakuts.{{sfn|Andreyevich|2020}}

==Cuisine==
{{Main|Sakha cuisine}}
{{More citations needed section|date=April 2021}}

The cuisine of Sakha prominently features the traditional drink [[kumis]], dairy products of cow, mare, and reindeer milk, sliced frozen salted fish [[stroganina]] ({{lang|sah|строганина}}), loaf meat dishes ({{Transliteration|sah|oyogos}}), [[venison]], frozen fish, thick pancakes, and {{Transliteration|sah|salamat}}—a millet porridge with butter and horse fat. {{Transliteration|sah|Kuerchekh}} ({{lang|sah|Куэрчэх}}) or {{Transliteration|sah|kierchekh}}, a popular dessert, is made of cow milk or cream with various [[Berry|berries]]. {{Transliteration|sah|Indigirka}} is a traditional fish salad. This cuisine is only used in [[Sakha Republic|Yakutia]].{{citation needed|date=February 2010}}

==Language==
{{Main|Sakha language}}
{{More citations needed section|date=April 2021}}
[[File:Sakha language speaker, 1994, Sakha Yakutia.webm|thumb|right|An indigenous Sakha speaker]]

According to the 2010 census, some 87% of the Yakuts in the Sakha Republic are fluent in the [[Sakha language|Yakut (or Sakha) language]], while 90% are fluent in Russian.{{sfn|Russia|2010b}} The Sakha/Yakut language belongs to the Northern branch of the [[Siberian Turkic languages]]. It is most closely related to the [[Dolgan language]], and also to a lesser extent related to [[Tuvan language|Tuvan]] and [[Shor language|Shor]].

==DNA and genetics analysis==
[[File:Yakut Sakha hunter.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|A Yakut hunter, early 20th century]]

The primary [[Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup|Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup]] for the Yakut is [[Haplogroup N-M231|N-M231]]. While found in around 89% of the general population,{{sfn|Khar'kov|Stepanov|Medvedev|Spiridonova|2008}} in northern Yakutia it is closer to 82%. N-M231 is shared with various other Eastern Siberian populations.{{sfn|Fedorova|Reidla|Metspalu|Metspalu|2013}} The remaining haplogroups are approximately: 4% [[haplogroup C-M217|C-M217]] (including subclades [[haplogroup C-M48|C-M48]] and C-M407), 3.5% [[haplogroup R1a|R1a-M17]] (including subclade R1a-M458), and 2.1% [[Haplogroup N-M231#N1a2b (P43)|N-P43]], with sporadic instances of [[haplogroup I-M253|I-M253]], [[haplogroup R1b|R1b-M269]], [[haplogroup J-M172|J2]], and [[haplogroup Q-M242|Q]].{{sfn|Duggan|Whitten|Wiebe|Crawford|2013}}{{sfn|Fedorova|Reidla|Metspalu|Metspalu|2013}}

According to Adamov, [[Haplogroup N (Y-DNA)#Haplogroup N1c1 (N-M178)|haplogroup N1c1]] makes up 94% of the Sakha population. This genetic bottleneck has been dated approximately to 1300 CE ± 200 ybp and speculated to have been caused by high mortality rates in warfare and later relocation to the Middle Lena River.{{sfn|Adamov|2008|p=652}}

The primary [[Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup|mitochondrial DNA haplogroups]] are various East Asian lineages, making up 92% of the total: [[haplogroup C (mtDNA)|haplogroup C]] at 36% to 45.7% and [[haplogroup D (mtDNA)|haplogroup D]] at 25.7% to 32.9% of the Yakut.{{sfn|Fedorova|Reidla|Metspalu|Metspalu|2013}} Minor Eastern Eurasian mtDNA haplogroups include: 5.2% [[haplogroup G (mtDNA)|G]], 4.49% [[haplogroup F (mtDNA)|F]], 3.55% [[haplogroup M (mtDNA)|M13a1b]], 1.89% [[haplogroup A (mtDNA)|A]], 1.18% [[haplogroup Y (mtDNA)|Y1a]], 1.18% [[haplogroup B (mtDNA)|B]], 0.95% [[haplogroup Z (mtDNA)|Z3]], and 0.71% [[haplogroup M (mtDNA)|M7]].{{sfn|Fedorova|Reidla|Metspalu|Metspalu|2013}} According to Fedorova, besides East Asian maternal lineages, "the mtDNA pool of the native populations of Sakha contains a small (8%), but diverse set of western Eurasian mtDNA haplogroups, mostly present among Yakuts and Evenks", the most common being H and J.{{sfn|Fedorova|Reidla|Metspalu|Metspalu|2013}}

==Notable people==
{{Further|:Category:Yakut people}}

===Academia===
* [[Eduard Yefimovich Alekseyev]], ethnomusicologist
* [[Georgiy Basharin]], professor at the [[Yakutsk State University]] 
* [[Zoya Basharina]], professor at Yakutsk State University
* [[Gavriil Ksenofontov]], researcher at [[Irkutsk State University]]
* [[Semyon Novgorodov]], linguist

===Arts===
* [[Evgenia Arbugaeva]], photographer, Oscar-nominated director

===Cinema and Television===
*[[Anna Kuzmina]], actress

===Entrepreneurship===
*[[Arsen Tomsky]], founder and CEO of the international ride-hailing service inDrive

===Military===
* [[Valery Kuzmin]], Soviet pilot
* [[Fyodor Okhlopkov]], was a Soviet sniper
* [[Vera Zakharova]], was a Po-2 air ambulance pilot in the Soviet Air Force during World War II

===Models===
* [[Natalya Stroeva]], [[Miss Russia 2018]]

===Musicians===
* [[Kjuregej]], painter, actor, musician
* [[Sarantuya]], mezzo-soprano singer

===Politicians===
* [[Maksim Ammosov]]
* [[Sardana Avksentyeva]]
* [[Isidor Barakhov]]
* [[Yegor Borisov]]
* [[Alexandra Ovchinnikova]]
* [[Platon Oyunsky]]
* [[Aysen Nikolayev]]
* [[Mikhail Nikolayev]]
* [[Yekaterina Novgorodova]]
* [[Fedot Tumusov]]

===Rulers===
* [[Tygyn Darkhan]], ruler of the Yakuts

===Sports===
* [[Georgy Balakshin]], boxer
* [[Roman Dmitriyev]], former Soviet wrestler and Olympic champion 
* [[Vasilii Egorov]], boxer
* [[Vasily Gogolev]], wrestler
* [[Eduard Grigorev]], freestyle wrestler for Poland
* [[Gavril Kolesov]], checkers player
* [[Pavel Pinigin]], former Soviet wrestler and Olympic champion

===Writers===
* [[Albina Borisova]], theatrical translator
* [[Natalia Kharlampieva]], poet
* [[Sardana Oyunskaya]], folklorist
* [[Aita Shaposhnikova]], translator and critic
* [[Anastasia Syromyatnikova]], writer
* [[Pyotr Toburokov]], poet and children's writer

===Other===
* [[Alexander Gabyshev]], political dissident

==Diaspora==
The Sakha American Cultural Association, a non-profit organization established in Seattle, Washington in 2024 <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://lynnwoodtoday.com/russian-families-gather-in-lynnwood-to-celebrate-ancient-festival-celebrating-summer/|title=Sakha families gather in Lynnwood to celebrate ancient summer festival|date=25 June 2024}}</ref>

"''The Sakha people had made a temporary footprint in the U.S. in 1820 at Fort Ross <ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.fortross.org/history/sakha-story | title=The Sakha Story at Fort Ross | website=www.fortross.org}}</ref> in Jenner, California. According to the 1820 census,<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.fortross.org/lib/89/death-in-the-daily-life-of-the-ross-colony-excerpts.pdf | title=Death in the daily life of the Ross colony | website=www.fortross.org | first=Sannie | last=Kenton Osborn}}</ref> five Sakha men lived in the fort with 260 people, working for the [[Russian-American Company]], a fur-trading business. This fort became a melting pot of different cultures, including Russians, Native Alaskans and local Native American tribes, such as the Kashaya Pomo. The Sakha were part of the diverse workforce that supported the fort operations in areas, such as hunting, trapping, farming and construction. By 1860, there were at least 20 Sakhas living at Fort Ross before the Russian-American Company ended its North American operations in the early 1880s.''" - Lynnwood Today <ref name="auto"/>

==See also==
* [[Aisyt]] (Ajysyt/Ajyhyt), the name of the mythic mother goddess of the Sakha people
* [[Kurumchi culture]]
* [[Yakutian horse]]

* [[Turkic Christians]]
* [[Music in the Sakha Republic]]
* [[Shamanism in Siberia]] 
* [[Turkic people]]
* [[Sakha Republic|Yakutia]]
* [[Yakut language]]
* [[Yakut shamanism]] 
* [[Yakut nationalism]]
* [[Yakutian cattle]]
* [[Yakutian Laika]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Bibliography==

===Books===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book|url=https://elibrary.ngonb.ru/catalog/pamyatniki_folklora/16861/|title=В этом разделе публикуются материалы по книге "Предания, легенды и мифы саха (якутов)"|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|Nauka]]|year=2005|isbn=5-02-030901-X|editor-last=Alekseev|editor-first=N. A.|location=Novosibirsk|pages=12–16|language=ru|trans-title=Traditions, legends and myths of Sakha|access-date=2022-01-25|editor-last2=Emelyanov|editor-first2=N. V.|editor-last3=Petrov|editor-first3=V. T.}}
* {{cite book|title=Советская Якутия|trans-title=Soviet Yakutia|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|USSR Academy of Sciences Publishing House]]|year=1963|editor-last=Antipin|editor-first=V. N.|series=История Якутской АССР|location=Moscow|language=Ru}}
* {{cite book|last1=Arutyunov|first1=S. A.|title=Проблемы этнической истории Берингоморья: Эквенский могильник|last2=Sergeyev|first2=D. A.|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|Nauka]]|year=1975|location=Moscow|language=ru|trans-title=Problems of the Ethnic History of the Bering Sea: Ekvensky Burial Ground}}
* {{cite book|last1=Davis|first1=Wade|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rkG8f2lyeUMC|title=Book of Peoples of the World: A Guide to Cultures|last2=Harrison|first2=K. David|last3=Howell|first3=Catherine Herbert|date=2007|publisher=National Geographic Books|isbn=978-1-4262-0238-4|language=en}}
* {{cite book|last=Dzharylgasinova|first=R.|title=Древние когурёсцы (к этнической истории корейцев)|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|Nauka]]|year=1972|location=Moscow|language=ru|trans-title=Ancient Koguryeo people (on the ethnic history of the Koreans)}}
* {{cite book|title=Исторические предания и рассказы якутов|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|USSR Academy of Sciences Publishing House]]|year=1960|editor-last=Ergis|editor-first=G. U.|volume=1|location=Moscow; Leningrad|language=ru|trans-title=Historical legends and stories of the Yakuts}}
* {{cite book|last=Gogolev|first=A. I.|title=Проблемы этногенеза и формирования культуры|publisher=[[North-Eastern Federal University|Yakutsk State University]]|year=1993|location=Yakutsk|language=ru|trans-title=The Yakuts: Problems of ethnic genesis and cultural formation}}
* {{cite book|last1=Gokhman|first1=I. I.|title=Археологические исследования в Якутии: Сб. трудов Приленской археол. экспедиции|last2=Tomtosova|first2=L. F.|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|Nauka]]|year=1992|location=Novosibirsk|pages=105–124|language=ru|trans-title=TEST|chapter=Антропологические исследования неолитических могильников Диринг-Юрях и Родинка|trans-chapter=Anthropological researches of the Neolithic burial grounds of Diring-Yuryakh and Rodinka}}
* {{cite book|last=Ivanov|first=V. F.|title=Историко-этнографическое изучение Якутии XVII–XVIII вв.|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|Nauka]]|year=1974|location=Moscow|language=Russian|trans-title=Historical and ethnographic study of Yakutia of the 17th and 18th centuries}}
* {{cite journal|last=Kochnev|first=D. A.|date=1899|title=Очерки юридического быта якутов|trans-title=Essays on the legal life of the Yakuts|url=https://www.prlib.ru/item/356135|journal=Proceedings of the Society of Archeology, History, Ethnography at the Imperial Kazan University|publisher=[[Kazan Federal University|Imperial Kazan University]]|volume=15|issue=2}}
* {{cite book|last=Konstantinov|first=I. V.|title=Ранний железный век Якутии|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|Nauka]]|year=1978|location=Novosibirsk|language=ru|trans-title=Early Iron Age in Yakutia}}
* {{citation|last=Kozmin|first=Nikolai Nikolaevich|title=К вопросу о происхождении якутов-сахалар|year=1928|location=Irkutsk|language=Ru|trans-title=On the origin of the Yakut-sakhalar}}
* {{cite book|last=Krasheninnikov|first=S. P..|url=http://az.lib.ru/k/krasheninnikow_s_p/text_0050.shtml|title=Описание Земли Камчатки|trans-title=Description of the Land of Kamchatka|publisher=Glavsevmorput|year=1949|location=Moscow, Leningrad|language=ru|access-date=2022-01-27}}
* {{cite book|last=Ksenofontov|first=G. V.|title=Эллэйада: Материалы по мифологии и легендарной истории якутов|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|Nauka]]|year=1977|location=Moscow|language=ru|trans-title=Elleiada (fables about Ellei): Materials on Yakuts' mythology and legendary history}}
* {{cite book|last=Ksenofontov|first=G. V.|title=Ураанхай сахалар: Очерки по древней истории якутов|publisher=Бичик|year=1992|volume=1|location=Yakutsk|language=ru|trans-title=Uraankhay-sakhalar: Essays on the ancient history of the Yakuts}}
* {{cite book|last1=Levene|first1=Mark|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XrOT0cczclkC|title=The Massacre of History|last2=Roberts|first2=Penny|date=1999|publisher=Berghahn Books|isbn=978-1-57181-934-5|language=en}}
* {{cite book|last=Lindenau|first=Jacob Johan|title=Описание народов Сибири (первая половина XVIII века): Историко-этнографические материалы о народах Сибири и Северо-Востока|publisher=Magadan|year=1983|series=Дальневосточная историческая библиотека|location=Magadan|language=ru|translator-last=Titova|translator-first=Z. D.|trans-title=Description of the Peoples of Siberia (First Half of the Eighteenth Century): Historical and Ethnographical Materials on the Peoples of Siberia and North-East}}
* {{cite book|title=Народы Сибири|trans-title=Peoples of Siberia|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|USSR Academy of Sciences Publishing House]]|year=1956|editor-last=Levin|editor-first=M. G.|location=Moscow|language=Ru|editor-last2=Potapov|editor-first2=L. P.}}
* {{cite book|last=Nimaev|first=D. D.|title=Проблемы этногенеза бурят|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|Nauka]]|year=1988|location=Novosibirsk|language=ru|trans-title=Problems of the ethnogenesis of the Buryats}}
* {{cite book|last=Okladnikov|first=A. P.|title=Якутия до присоединения к русскому государству|publisher=yes|year=1955|volume=1|location=Moscow, Leningrad|language=ru|trans-title=Yakutia before joining Russia}}
* {{cite book|last=Okladnikov|first=Alexey Pavlovich|title=Yakutia: Before its incorporation into the Russian State|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|year=1970|isbn=978-0-7735-9068-7|editor-last=Michael|editor-first=Henry N.|series=Anthropology of the North: Translations from Russian Sources|location=Montreal & London|language=en|author-link=Alexey Okladnikov}}
* {{cite book|last=Ovchinnikov|first=Mikhail Pavlovich|title=Из материалов по этнографии якутов|year=1897|series=Этнографическое обозрение|language=ru|trans-title=From the materials on the ethnography of the Yakuts|issue=5}}
* {{cite book|last=Pavlinskaya|first=L. R.|title=Некоторые аспекты культурогенеза народов Сибири (по материалам шаманского костюма)|publisher=Евразия сквозь века|year=2001|location=St. Petersburg|pages=229–232|language=ru|trans-title=Some aspects of the cultural genesis of Siberian peoples (materials of shaman's costume)}}
* {{cite book|last=Popov|first=Gavriil V.|title=Слова "неизвестного происхождения" якутского языка (сравнительно-историческое исследование)|publisher=Yakut Book Publishing House|year=1986|location=Yakutsk|language=ru|trans-title=Words of "unknown origin" of the Yakut language (comparative historical study)}}
* {{cite book|last=Potapov|first=L. P.|title=Этнический состав и происхождение алтайцев: Историко-этнографический|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|Nauka]]|year=1969|location=Leningrad|language=ru|trans-title=Ethnic structure and origin of Altai people: A historical and ethnographic essay}}
* {{cite book|last=Radlov|first=Vasily Vasilievich|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7D0EAAAAYAAJ|title=Aus Sibirien: Lose Blätter aus meinem Tagebuche|publisher=T. O. Weigel Nachfolger|year=1893|location=Leipzig|language=de|trans-title=From Siberia: Loose Leaves from my Diary|author-link=Vasily Radlov}}
* {{cite book|last1=Richards |first1=John F. |title=The Unending Frontier: An Environmental History of the Early Modern World |date=2003 |publisher=University of California Press|isbn=0-520-93935-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i85noYD9C0EC&pg=PA538}}
* {{cite book|last=de Roerich|first=George|title=test|publisher=Publishing House Agni|year=1999|location=Samara|language=ru|trans-title=Tibet and Central Asia: Articles, Lectures, Translations|author-link=George de Roerich}}
* {{cite book|last=Rumyantsev|first=G. N.|title=Происхождение хоринских бурят|publisher=Buryat Book Publishing House|year=1962|location=Ulan-Ude|language=ru|trans-title=Origin of the Khori Buryats}}
* {{cite book|last=Schukin|first=Nikolai Semyonovich|title=Поездка в Якутск|publisher=Типография Временного Департамента Военных Поселений|year=1844|edition=2nd|location=St. Petersburg|language=Russian|trans-title=A Trip to Yakutsk}}
* {{cite book|last=Stepanov|first=A. D.|title=Самодийская и юкагирская топонимика на карте Якутии: К проблемам генезиса древ-них культур Севера|publisher=Издательство ИРНИТУ|year=2005|series=Социогенез в Северной Азии|location=Irkutsk|pages=223–227|language=ru|trans-title=Samoyedic and Yukaghir toponymics on the map of Yakutia: genesis of ancient cultures of the North revisited}}
* {{cite book|last=Tugolukov|first=V. A.|title=Тунгусы (эвенки и эвены) Средней и Западной Сибири|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|Nauka]]|year=1985|location=Moscow|language=ru|trans-title=Tungusic people (Evenkis and Evens) of Central and Western Siberia}}
{{refend}}

===Articles===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite journal|last=Adamov|first=D.|date=2008|title=Расчет возраста популяции якутов, принадлежащих к гаплогруппе N1c1|trans-title=Calculation of age for Yakut population belonging to haplogroup N1c1|url=http://aklyosov.home.comcast.net/~aklyosov/1_4_2008.pdf|journal=Proceedings of the Russian Academy of DNA Genealogy|language=ru|volume=1|issue=4|pages=646–656|issn=1942-7484|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930230258/http://aklyosov.home.comcast.net/~aklyosov/1_4_2008.pdf|archive-date=2015-09-30}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Bravina|first1=R. I.|last2=Petrov|first2=D.M.|date=2018|title=Tribes «Which Became Wind»: Autochthonous Substrate in Ethnocultural Genesis of the Yakuts Revisited|journal=Vestnik Arheologii, Antropologii I Etnografii|volume=2|url=http://www.ipdn.ru/_private/a41/119-127.pdf|language=ru|publisher=Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North|issue=41|pages=119–127|doi=10.20874/2071-0437-2018-41-2-119-127}}
* {{cite journal|last=Dashieva|first=Nadezhda B.|date=2020-12-25|title=Образ оленя-солнца и этноним бурятского племени Хори|trans-title=Image of the Deer-Sun and Ethnonym of the Khori Buryats|url=https://kigiran.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2575|journal=Oriental Studies|publisher=East Siberian State Institute of Culture|language=ru|volume=13|issue=4|pages=941–950|doi=10.22162/2619-0990-2020-50-4-941-950|s2cid=243027767|access-date=2022-01-27|doi-access=free}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Duggan|first1=Ana T.|last2=Whitten|first2=Mark|last3=Wiebe|first3=Victor|last4=Crawford|first4=Michael|last5=Butthof|first5=Anne|last6=Spitsyn|first6=Victor|last7=Makarov|first7=Sergey|last8=Novgorodov|first8=Innokentiy|last9=Osakovsky|first9=Vladimir|last10=Pakendorf|first10=Brigitte|display-authors=1|date=2013-12-12|title=Investigating the Prehistory of Tungusic Peoples of Siberia and the Amur-Ussuri Region with Complete mtDNA Genome Sequences and Y-chromosomal Markers|journal=PLOS ONE|language=en|volume=8|issue=12|article-number=e83570|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0083570|issn=1932-6203|pmc=3861515|pmid=24349531|bibcode=2013PLoSO...883570D|doi-access=free}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Fedorova|first1=Sardana A.|last2=Reidla|first2=Maere|last3=Metspalu|first3=Ene|last4=Metspalu|first4=Mait|last5=Rootsi|first5=Siiri|last6=Tambets|first6=Kristiina|last7=Trofimova|first7=Natalya|last8=Zhadanov|first8=Sergey I.|last9=Kashani|first9=Baharak Hooshiar|last10=Olivieri|first10=Anna|last11=Voevoda|first11=Mikhail I.|display-authors=1|date=2013-06-19|title=Autosomal and uniparental portraits of the native populations of Sakha (Yakutia): implications for the peopling of Northeast Eurasia|journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology|volume=13|issue=1|page=127|doi=10.1186/1471-2148-13-127|pmid=23782551|pmc=3695835|issn=1471-2148 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2013BMCEE..13..127F }}
* {{cite journal|last=Ivanov|first=M. S.|date=2000|title=Замыслившие побег в Пегую орду...: (О топониме Яркан-Жархан)|trans-title=Those who planned to flee to the [[Skewbald Horde]]…: (About the toponym Zharhan)|journal=Илин|language=ru|issue=1|pages=17–20}}
* {{cite journal|last=Karmay|first=Samten G.|date=1993|title=The theoretical basis of the Tibetan epic, with reference to a 'chronological order' of the various episodes in the Gesar epic|journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies|language=en|volume=56|issue=2|pages=234–246|doi=10.1017/S0041977X00005498|s2cid=162562519|issn=0041-977X}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Khar'kov|first1=V. N.|last2=Stepanov|first2=V. A.|last3=Medvedev|first3=O. F.|last4=Spiridonova|first4=M. G.|last5=Maksimova|first5=N. R.|last6=Nogovitsyna|first6=A. N.|last7=Puzyrev|first7=V. P.|display-authors=1|date=2008|title=[The origin of Yakuts: analysis of Y-chromosome haplotypes]|journal=Molekuliarnaia Biologiia|volume=42|issue=2|pages=226–237|issn=0026-8984|pmid=18610830}}
* {{cite journal|last=Petri|first=B. E.|date=1922|title=М.П. Овчинников как археолог|trans-title=M.P. Ovchinnikov as an archaeologist|journal=Сибирские огни|issue=4}}
* {{cite journal|last=Petri|first=B. E.|date=1923|title=Доисторические кузнецы в Прибайкалье. К вопросу о доисторическом прошлом якутов|trans-title=Prehistoric blacksmiths in the Baikal region. On the prehistoric past of the Yakuts.|journal=Известия Института народного образования|location=Chita|volume=1|pages=62–64}}
* {{cite journal|last=Strelov|first=E. D.|date=1936|title=Одежда и украшения якутки в половине XVIII в. (по археологическим материалам)|trans-title=Clothing and jewelry of the Yakut in the middle of the 18th century. (based on archaeological materials)|url=https://nomadica.ru/biblioteka/se_37_2_3_strelov.html|journal=Soviet Ethnography|volume=2–3|pages=75–99|access-date=2022-01-27}}
* {{cite journal|last=Tokarev|first=S. A.|date=1949|title=К постановке проблем этногенеза|trans-title=Problems of ethnic genesis revisited|journal=[[Etnograficheskoe Obozrenie|Советская Этнография]]|issue=3|pages=12–36}}
* {{cite journal|last=Ushnitskiy|first=Vasiliy V.|date=2016a|title=Researchers of Tsarist Russia on the study of the origin of the Sakha people|url=http://journals.tsu.ru/vestnik/&journal_page=archive&id=1418&article_id=29034|journal=Vestnik Tomskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta|language=ru|location=Yakutsk|publisher=Institute of the Humanities and the Indigenous Peoples|issue=407|pages=150–155|doi=10.17223/15617793/407/23|doi-access=free}}
* {{cite journal|last=Ushnitskiy|first=Vasiliy. V.|date=2016b|title=The Problem of the Sakha People's Ethnogenesis: A New Approach|journal= Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences|volume=8|pages=1822–1840|doi=10.17516/1997-1370-2016-9-8-1822-1840|doi-access=free}}
* {{cite journal|last=Zoriktuev|first=B. R.|date=2011|title=Who are the Yakut Khorolors? (a contribution to the issue of ethnic identification)|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1563011011000717|journal=Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia|language=en|volume=39|issue=2|pages=119–127|doi=10.1016/j.aeae.2011.08.012|url-access=subscription}}
{{refend}}

===Census information===
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation|title=data.europa.eu|url=https://data.europa.eu/data/visualisation/?file=https://data.gov.lv/dati/dataset/69ac7d71-b584-4d06-9923-e1680403330f/resource/5e3fc30e-d53d-4e24-a814-6b2b63d02f69/download/isvn_latvija_pec_ttb_vpd_20210101.csv|access-date=2022-01-04|language=lv|year=2021|publisher=[[data.europa.eu]]}}
* {{cite web|last=Kazakhstan|year=2009a|url=http://abai.kz/post/view?id=472.htm|title=Kazakhstan in 2009|access-date=2022-01-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215042805/http://abai.kz/post/view?id=472.htm|archive-date=15 February 2017|language=kk|publisher=Bureau of National Statistics}}
* {{cite web|last=Kazakhstan|year=2009b|url=http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Pages/default.aspx |title=Official website of the 2009 Kazakh census|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130810123929/http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=2013-08-10|access-date=2022-01-04|language=kk|publisher=Bureau of National Statistics}}
* {{cite web|last=Kazakhstan|year=2009c|url=http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Documents/i%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2.rar|title=Nationality composition of population|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723084232/http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Documents/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2.rar|archive-date=2011-07-23|access-date=2022-01-04|language=kk|publisher=Bureau of National Statistics}}
* {{cite web|last=Latvia|year=2021|url=https://www.pmlp.gov.lv/sites/pmlp/files/data_content/isvn_latvija_pec_ttb_vpd1.pdf|title=Latvia population estimate|publisher=Office of Citizenship and Immigration Affairs|access-date=2022-01-04|language=lv}}
* {{cite web|last=Russia|year=2010a|url=http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/perepis_itogi1612.htm|title=Official website of the 2010 Russian census|access-date=2022-01-04|language=ru|publisher=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Federal State Statistics Service]]|archive-date=2016-03-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325042553/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/perepis_itogi1612.htm}}
* {{cite web|last=Russia|year=2010b|url=http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol4/pub-04-07.pdf|title=Languages spoken … by subjects of the Russian Federation|access-date=2022-01-04|language=ru|publisher=[[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Federal State Statistics Service]]|archive-date=2020-05-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509065315/https://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol4/pub-04-07.pdf}}
* {{cite web|last=Ukraine|year=2001|url=http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/rus/results/nationality_population/|title=Official website of the 2001 Ukrainian census|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100701153929/http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/rus/results/nationality_population/|archive-date=2010-07-01|access-date=2022-01-04|language=uk|publisher=State Statistics of Ukraine}}
{{refend}}

===Websites===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite web|last=Andreyevich|first=Murzin Y.|url=http://st-yak.narod.ru/index4-22-1.html|title=''Kigilyakhi of Yakutia''|access-date=2021-01-04|archive-date=2020-05-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200508141019/http://st-yak.narod.ru/index4-22-1.html|language=ru|date=2020}}
* {{cite web|last=Kantanen|first=Juha|url=http://www.globaldiv.eu/NL/GlobalDiv_Newsletter%20no%2012.pdf|title=The Yakutian cattle: A cow of the permafrost|access-date=2022-01-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200310131954/http://www.globaldiv.eu/NL/GlobalDiv_Newsletter%20no%2012.pdf|archive-date=2020-03-10|date=2012|pages=3–6}}
* {{cite web|last=Lewis |first=Martin|url=http://www.geocurrents.info/place/russia-ukraine-and-caucasus/siberia/the-yakut-under-soviet-rule|title=The Yakut Under Soviet Rule|date=2012-05-14|website=GeoCurrents|access-date=2021-01-04}}
* {{cite web|last=Meerson|first=F.|title=Survival|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000073365|access-date=2022-01-04|website=[[UNESCO]]}}
* {{citation|year=2018|title=Yakuts|url=https://www.insidethenewrussia.com/yakuts/|access-date=2022-01-04|website=Inside the New Russia|language=en-US}}
{{refend}}

== Further reading ==
{{refbegin}}
{{commons category|Sakha people}} 
* Conolly, Violet. "The Yakuts," ''Problems of Communism'', vol. 16, no. 5 (Sept.-Oct. 1967), pp.&nbsp;81–91.
* Tomskaya, Maria. 2018. "Verbalization of Nomadic Culture in Yakut Fairytales". In: ''Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski'' 9 (2): 253–62. [https://doi.org/10.31648/pw.3210 Verbalization of Nomadic Culture in Yakut Fairytales].
* Tomskaya, Maria. 2020. "Fairy Tale Images As a Component of Cultural Programming: Gender Aspect" [Сказочные образы как составляющая культурного программирования: гендерный аспект]. In: ''Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski'' 11 (2): 145–53. [https://doi.org/10.31648/pw.6497 Fairy tale images as a component of cultural programming: gender aspect: Сказочные образы как составляющая культурного программирования: гендерный аспект].
{{refend}}

{{Turkic peoples}}
{{Ethnic groups of Russia}}
{{Turkic topics}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Yakuts}}
<!--Categories-->
[[Category:Yakuts| ]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Russia]]
[[Category:Indigenous peoples of Siberia]]
[[Category:Modern nomads]]
[[Category:Nomadic groups in Eurasia]]
[[Category:Turkic peoples of Asia]]