View source for Yantai

{{Redirect|Chefoo|the musician|Che Fu|urban district with the same name|Zhifu District}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{coord|37.4646|N|121.4478|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-37_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=t}}<!--Government coordinates-->
{{Infobox settlement
<!--See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields that may be available-->
<!-- Basic info ---------------->| name               = Yantai
| official_name      = 
| other_name         = Yentai
| native_name        = 烟台市
| native_name_lang   = zh-Hans
| nickname           = 
| settlement_type    = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| total_type         = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| motto              = <!-- images and maps ----------->
| image_skyline      = {{multiple image
 | border      = infobox
 | total_width = 305
 | image_style = 
 | perrow      = 1/2/3/2
 | image1      = 烟台市 02.jpg
 | caption1    = [[Port of Yantai]]
 | image2      = Yantai2017.jpg
 | caption2    = Downtown Yantai
 | image3      = 20250518 Nanchangshan, Shandong 11.jpg
 | caption3    = [[Changdao Islands]]
 | image4      = Three Harmony Taoism Pagoda, Taishan, Yantai, China - panoramio.jpg
 | caption4    = Three Harmony Taoism Pagoda
 | image5      = 龍口漁港.jpg
 | caption5    = Port in Longkou
 | image6      = 煙台山景區.jpg
 | caption6    = Yantai Hill Scenic Area
 | image7      = 煙台市天后行宮.jpg
 | caption7    = Tianhou Temple
 | image8      = MoonBay2.jpg
 | caption8    = Moon Bay
}}
| imagesize     = 
| image_caption = 

| image_map          = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=7}}
| mapsize            = 
| map_caption        = 
| image_map1         = ChinaShandongYantai.png
| mapsize1           = 
| map_caption1       = Location of Yantai City Jurisdiction in Shandong
| image_dot_map      = 
| dot_mapsize        = 
| dot_map_caption    = 
| dot_x              = 
| dot_y              = 
| pushpin_map        = China
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in China
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = [[China|People's Republic of China]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[Province of China|Province]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Shandong]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#County level|County-level divisions]]
| subdivision_name2  = 12
| subdivision_type3  = [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#Townships level|Townships-level divisions]]
| subdivision_name3  = 148
| subdivision_type4  = 
| subdivision_name4  = 
| seat_type          = Municipal seat
| seat               = Laishan District
<!-- Politics ----------------->| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = CPC Secretary
| leader_name        = Jiang Cheng ({{lang|zh-Hans|江成}})
| leader_title1      = Mayor
| leader_name1       = Zheng Deyan ({{lang|zh-Hans|郑德雁}})
| established_title  = Settled as a barrack
| established_date   = 1398
| established_title1 = Open as a trade port (CHEFOO)
| established_date1  = 22 August 1861
| named_for          = <!-- Area --------------------->
| area_magnitude     = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| unit_pref          = <!--Enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric-->
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_total_km2     = 13739.9 <!-- ALL fields with measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion-->
| area_land_km2      = 
| area_water_km2     = <!-- Elevation -------------------------->
| elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
| elevation_m        = 
| elevation_ft       = 
| elevation_max_m    = 
| elevation_max_ft   = 
| elevation_min_m    = 
| elevation_min_ft   = <!-- Population ----------------------->
| population_as_of   = 2023 census
| population_footnotes = 
| population_note    = 
| population_total   = 7102100
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_metro   = 2264554
| population_density_metro_km2 = auto
| population_urban   = 4233100
| population_density_urban_km2 = auto
| demographics_type2   = GDP<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shandong Statistical Yearbook-2016|url=http://www.stats-sd.gov.cn/tjnj/nj2016/indexch.htm|website=www.stats-sd.gov.cn|access-date=28 February 2024|archive-date=5 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505054752/http://www.stats-sd.gov.cn/tjnj/nj2016/indexch.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = [[Prefecture-level city]] 
| demographics2_info1 = [[Renminbi|CN¥]] 1.016&nbsp;trillion<br />[[US$]] 147.176&nbsp;billion
| demographics2_title2 = Per capita
| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 143,971<br />US$ 20,255
<!-- General information --------------->| timezone           = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
| utc_offset         = +8
| coor_pinpoint      = Yantai Museum
| coordinates        = {{coord|37.5371|N|121.3932|E|type:landmark_region:CN-37_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=i}}
| postal_code_type   = [[Postal code of China|Postal code]]
| postal_code        = 264000-265800
| area_code          = 535
| iso_code           = [[ISO 3166-2:CN|CN-SD-06]]
| blank2_name        = [[Licence plates of the People's Republic of China|License Plate]]
| blank2_info        = {{lang|zh-cn|鲁F}} & {{lang|zh-cn|鲁Y}}
| blank3_name        = 
| blank3_info        = 
| blank4_name        = <!-- Major [[Nationalities of China|Nationalities]] -->
| blank4_info        = Han: 99.80%
Korean: 0.049%
Manchu: 0.048%
Va: 0.020%
Mongol: 0.016%
| website            = {{url|www.yantai.gov.cn}}
| footnotes          = 
| established_title2 = Settled as a city
| established_date2  = 19 January 1938
| established_title3 = Settled as a prefecture level city
| established_date3  = 30 August 1983
}}
{{infobox Chinese
| pic = YT name.svg
| piccap = "Yantai" in Chinese
| picsize = 125px
| t = {{linktext|煙臺}}<br>{{linktext|煙台}}
| s = {{linktext|烟台}}
| p = Yāntái
| w = Yan<sup>1</sup>-t'ai<sup>2</sup>
| mi = {{IPAc-cmn|yan|1|t|ai|2}}
| l = "Smoke Tower"
| order = st
| showflag = p
}}
{{infobox Chinese
 | title    = Former names
 | pic      = File:Yantai (Chefoo), Qing Dynasty postage stamp.gif
 | picsize  = 125px
 | piccap   = postage stamp of Chefoo  (called by the Europeans only)
 | altname  = Zhifu
 | psp2     = Chefoo
 | c2       = {{linktext|lang=zh|芝罘}}
 | p2       = Zhīfú
 | showflag = p
}}

'''Yantai''', formerly known by the Europeans as '''Chefoo''', is a coastal [[prefecture-level city]] on the [[Shandong Peninsula]] in China. Lying on the southern coast of the [[Bohai Strait]], Yantai borders [[Qingdao]] on the southwest and [[Weihai]] on the east, with sea access to both the [[Bohai Sea]] (via the [[Laizhou Bay]] and the Bohai Strait) and the [[Yellow Sea]] (from both north and south sides of the Shandong Peninsula).  It is the largest [[fishing industry in China|fishing seaport]] in Shandong.  Its population was 7,102,116 during the [[2020 Chinese census|2020 census]], of whom 3,184,299 lived in the built-up area made up of the 5 [[district (China)|urban districts]] of [[Zhifu District|Zhifu]], [[Laishan District|Laishan]], [[Fushan District|Fushan]], [[Muping District|Muping]], and [[Penglai District|Penglai]].

{{anchor|Etymology|Name}}

== Names ==
The name '''Yantai''' (<small>{{abbr|lit|literally}}.</small>{{nbsp}}"[[Smoke]] [[Chinese pagoda|Tower]]") derives from the watchtowers constructed on {{nowrap|[[Mount Qi]]}} in 1398 by locals. The towers were used to light signal fires and send [[smoke signal]]s, called ''langyan'' from their supposed use of [[wolf]] [[Feces|dung]] for fuel. At the time, the area was troubled by the Japanese pirates, initially raiders from the [[Sengoku period|warring states]] in Japan but later principally disaffected Chinese. It was also formerly romanized as '''Yen-tai'''.{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}}

The major district of Yantai is [[Zhifu]], which used to be the largest independent city in the area. It was romanized by the Europeans as '''Chefoo'''{{NoteTag|[[Postal Map Romanization]]}}, '''Che-foo''',{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}} '''Chi-fu''',{{sfnp|''EB''|1911|p=132}} and '''Chih-fou'''. Although this name was used for the city by the Europeans prior to the [[Chinese Communist Party|Communist]] victory in the [[Chinese Civil War]], the locals referred to the settlement as Yantai throughout.{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}}{{sfnp|''EB''|1911|p=132}}

== History ==
[[File:MoonBay.jpg|left|200px|thumb|[[Moon Bay (Yantai)|Moon Bay]] in Yantai]]

During the [[Xia dynasty|Xia]] and [[Shang dynasty|Shang]] [[list of Chinese dynasties|dynasties]], the region was inhabited by indigenous people vaguely known to the [[Huaxia|Chinese]] as the "[[Dongyi|Eastern Barbarians]]" (''Dongyi''). Under the [[Zhou dynasty|Zhou]], they were colonized and [[sinification|sinicized]] as the [[state of Lai]]. Lai was annexed by [[state of Qi|Qi]] in {{nowrap|567 BC.}} Under the [[Qin Shihuang|First Emperor]] (''Shi Huangdi''), the area was administered as the [[Qi Commandery]]. Under the [[Han dynasty|Han]], this was renamed as the [[Donglai Commandery]] ({{lang|zh|{{linktext|東|萊|郡}}}}). Following the [[Three Kingdoms period]], the area was organized by the [[Jin dynasty (265–420)|Jin]] as the Donglai [[wang (title)|Kingdom or Principality]], later returning to [[prefecture (China)|prefecture]] status as a [[Jun (administrative division)|''jùn'']] and then ''[[zhou (administrative subdivision)|zhōu]]''. Under the [[Tang dynasty|Tang]] and during the [[Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period]], it was known as [[Deng Prefecture (Shandong)|Deng Prefecture]] and organized with the [[Henan Circuit]]. It was then organized as the [[Laizhou Commandery|Laizhou]] ({{lang|zh|{{linktext|萊|州|府}}}}) and then, under the [[Qing dynasty|Qing]], [[Dengzhou Prefecture]] ({{lang|zh|{{linktext|登|州|府}}}}).

Up to the 19th century, however, the Zhifu area consisted of nothing but small [[Chinese city wall|unwalled]] fishing [[village (China)|villages]] of little importance.{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}} Under the [[Ming dynasty|Ming]], these were first troubled by the [[Wokou]] and then by the overreacting [[Haijin|"Sea Ban"]], which required coastal Chinese to give up trading and most fishing and relocate inland upon pain of death.

Following the [[Second Opium War]], the [[Qing Empire]] was obliged to open more [[treaty ports]] by the [[unequal treaties|unequal]] 1858 [[Treaty of Tianjin]], including Tengchow (now [[Penglai, Shandong|Penglai]]). Its port being found inadequate, Zhifu—about {{convert|30|mi|sp=us}} away—was selected to act as the seat of the area's foreign commerce.{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}} The mooring was at considerable distance from shore, necessitating more time and expense in loading and unloading, but the harbor was deep and expansive and business grew rapidly.{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}} The harbor opened in May 1861, with its status as an international port affirmed on 22 August. The official decree was accompanied by the construction of the [[Donghai Customs House]] ({{lang|zh|{{linktext|東海|關}}}}).<ref name=qq/> It quickly became the residence of a [[circuit intendant]] ("taotai"), [[Chinese Maritime Customs Service|customs house]], and a considerable foreign settlement located between the old native town and the harbor.{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}} [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Britain]] and sixteen other nations established [[consulate]]s in the town.<ref name=qq>{{citation |script-title=zh:烟台概览：烟台名称源于烟台山 |url=http://news.qq.com/a/20080619/001784.htm |work=QQ News |date=19 June 2008 |access-date=19 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121115104611/http://news.qq.com/ |archive-date=15 November 2012 |url-status=live |language=zh-cn}}</ref> The town was initially expanded with well-laid streets and well-built stone houses, even for the poorer classes, a [[Catholicism in China|Catholic]] and a [[Protestantism in China|Protestant]] church were erected, and a large hotel did business with foreigners who employed the town as a summer resort.{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}}
[[File:Yantai - Old German Post Office.jpg|left|thumb|Original German Post Office in Yantai's old town]]
The principal traders were the British and Americans, followed by the [[German Empire|Germans]] and [[Rattanakosin Kingdom|Thais]].{{NoteTag|In 1872, 233 British vessels entered the port with 97,239 tons of cargo valued at £144,887 and 348 ships of all other nationalities entered with 149,197 tons of cargo valued at £177,168.{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}}}} In the 1870s, the principal imports were [[woolen]] and [[cotton]] goods, [[iron]], and [[History of opium in China|opium]] and the principal exports were [[tofu]], [[soybean oil]], [[pea]]s, coarse [[vermicelli]], [[vegetable]]s, and [[dried fruit]] from Zhifu itself, [[raw silk]] and [[straw braid]] from [[Laizhou]], and [[walnut]]s from [[Qingzhou]]. The town also traded [[Chinese liquor]]s and sundries for the edible [[seaweed]] grown in the shallows of the [[Russian Empire|Russian]] settlements around [[Port Arthur, China|Port Arthur]] (now [[Dalian]]'s [[Lüshunkou District]]).{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}} In 1875, the murder of the British diplomat [[Augustus Margary]] in [[Tengchong]], [[Yunnan]], led to a [[Margary Affair|diplomatic crisis]] that was resolved in Zhifu by [[Sir Thomas Wade|Thomas Wade]] and [[Li Hongzhang]] the next year.{{sfnp|''EB''|1911|p=133}} The resultant [[Chefoo Convention]] gave British subjects [[extraterritoriality]] throughout China and exempted the foreign merchants' enclaves from the [[Likin (taxation)|likin]] tax on internal commerce. Its healthy situation and good anchorage made it a favorite [[coaling station]] for foreign fleets, giving it some importance in the conflicts over Korea, Port Arthur, and Weihaiwei.{{sfnp|''EB''|1911|p=133}}
[[File:Chefoo lace school.jpg|left|thumb|Lacemakers in Chefoo, 1902]]
Award-winning Chefoo [[bobbin lace]] was produced following the introduction of the craft by British missionaries,<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 July 1919 |title="CHEFOO" LACE: SHANTUNG CLUNY AND TORCHON. |pages=188 |work=The North - China Herald and Supreme Court & Consular Gazette (1870-1941) |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1369871292 |access-date=24 February 2023 |id={{ProQuest|1369871292}} |archive-date=24 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230224222137/https://www.proquest.com/docview/1369871292 |url-status=live }}</ref> reportedly becoming a popular export.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lengths of bobbin lace, export goods from China |url=https://collection.maas.museum/object/379611 |access-date=24 February 2023 |website=collection.maas.museum |language=en |archive-date=24 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230224220824/https://collection.maas.museum/object/379611 |url-status=live }}</ref> Chefoo lace was exhibited at the 1904 [[Louisiana Purchase Exposition|St. Louis World's Fair.]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Skiff |first=Frederick |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Official_catalogue_of_exhibitors_%28IA_officialcatalogu02stlo%29.pdf |title=Official Catalogue of Exhibitors, Universal Exposition of St. Louis, USA |publisher=The Official Catalogue Company, Inc. |year=1904 |edition=Department D Manufactures |location=St. Louis |pages=69 |language=en |access-date=24 February 2023 |archive-date=11 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611024447/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Official_catalogue_of_exhibitors_(IA_officialcatalogu02stlo).pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

Yantai received German economic activities and investments for about 20 years.<ref>{{cite web |last=Zhou |first=Yingjie |script-title=zh:开放，三次保全了近代烟台（下） |url = http://finance.sina.com.cn/roll/20100910/01318633207.shtml |website = Sina Finance |date=24 July 2006 |access-date=19 November 2012 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121119103524/http://finance.sina.com.cn/ |archive-date=19 November 2012 |url-status=live |language = zh-CN }}</ref> In the run-up to the [[First World War]], its trade continued to grow{{NoteTag|Total imports and exports were valued at £2,724,000 in 1880, £4,228,000 in 1899, and £4,909,908 in 1904. The 905 vessels in 1895 had a total tonnage of 835,248; the 1842 in 1905 held 1,492,514 tons.{{sfnp|''EB''|1911|p=133}}}} but was limited by the poor roads of the area's hinterland and the necessity of using pack animals for portage.{{sfnp|''EB''|1911|p=133}} The trade items remained largely the same as before.{{sfnp|''EB''|1911|p=133}} After the Germans were defeated by Allied forces in World War I, Qingdao and Yantai were occupied by the Japanese, who turned Yantai into a summer station for their Asian fleet. They also set up a trading establishment in the town.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jin|first=Long|script-title=zh:东炮台现日军侵占烟台罪证 大理石上留印记(图)|url=http://www.china.com.cn/travel/txt/2010-04/16/content_19835337.htm|access-date=19 November 2012|date=24 July 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416181420/http://www.china.com.cn/travel/txt/2010-04/16/content_19835337.htm|archive-date=16 April 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> The different foreign influences that shaped this city are explored at the Yantai Museum, which used to be a guild hall. However, the city's colourful history has not left a distinctive architectural mark, there has never been a foreign concession, and though there are a few grand 19th-century European buildings, most of the town is of much more recent origin.<ref>{{cite news|last=Wang|first=Xin|script-title=zh:郭显德：把西方文化传播到烟台|url=http://www.shm.com.cn/newscenter/2009-08/29/content_2635975.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130101105645/http://www.shm.com.cn/newscenter/2009-08/29/content_2635975.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 January 2013|access-date=19 November 2012|date=24 July 2006}}</ref> After 1949, the town's name was changed from Chefoo to Yantai, and it was opened to the world as an ice-free trade port in 1984.<ref>{{cite news|last=Liu|first=Xinguo|script-title=zh:中国首批沿海开放城市之一—烟台(图)|url=http://www.shm.com.cn/newscenter/2012-03/21/content_3725545.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130102024739/http://www.shm.com.cn/newscenter/2012-03/21/content_3725545.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 January 2013|access-date=19 November 2012|date=24 July 2006}}</ref>

On 12 November 1911, the eastern division of [[Tongmeng Hui]] declared itself a part of the revolutionary movement. The next day, it established the Shandong Military Government ({{lang|zh-hant|山東軍政府}}) and, the day after that, renamed itself the Yantai Division of the Shandong Military Government ({{lang|zh-hant|山東煙台軍政分府}}). In 1914, Jiaodong [[Circuit (political division)|Circuit]] ({{lang|zh-hant|膠東道}}) was established with Yantai as the capital. Jiaodong Circuit was renamed Donghai Circuit ({{lang|zh-hant|東海道}}) in 1925. On 19 January 1938, Yantai participated as part of an anti-Japanese revolutionary committee.

After the creation of the [[People's Republic of China]], Yantai was officially awarded city status with the outlying towns of [[Laiyang]] and [[Wendeng]] tacked on as "Special Regions" ({{lang|zh-Hans|专区}}) in 1950. Wendeng was merged into Laiyang six years later, and this larger Laiyang Special Region was combined with Yantai City to become Yantai Prefecture ({{lang|zh-Hans|烟台地区}}). Yantai is of strategic importance to China's defense, as it and [[Dalian]], directly across the [[Bohai Sea]] from it, are primary coastal guard points for [[Beijing]]. In November 1983, the prefecture became a [[prefecture-level city]].<ref>{{cite news |script-title=zh:优越的地理环境及人文历史造成就旅游圣地烟台 |url = http://yantai.dzwww.com/xinwen/xwzt/2005sdxzt/xw/xwbd/200504/t20050424_1042544.htm |access-date=19 November 2012 |date=24 July 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140418220504/http://yantai.dzwww.com/xinwen/xwzt/2005sdxzt/xw/xwbd/200504/t20050424_1042544.htm |archive-date=18 April 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Txu-oclc-10552568-nj51-9.jpg|left|thumb|Yantai (labelled as YEN-T'AI (CHEFOO) {{lang|zh-hant|煙台}}) (1953)]]
[[File:Txu-oclc-10552568-nj51-9-back.jpg|left|thumb|Map of Yantai (labeled as YEN-T'AI (CHEFOO))]]
Yantai is located along the north coast of the [[Shandong Peninsula]], south of the junction of [[Bohai Sea]] and [[Yellow Sea]] and parallel to the southern coast of [[Liaoning]]. The topographical breakdown consists of:
* 36.62% mountainous
* 39.7% hilly
* 50.23% plain
* 2.90% basin
About {{convert|2643.60|km2|abbr=on}} is urbanized. Only Qixia City is located entirely inland. All other county-level entities are coastal, with [[Changdao County|Changdao]] consisting entirely of islands. The total coastline of the prefecture is {{convert|909|km|sp=us}}.

The summits in the hill country vary from {{convert|100|-|300|m|sp=us}}; the average peak in the mountainous region is {{convert|500|m|sp=us}}, and the highest point of elevation is the summit of [[Mount Kunyu]] ({{lang|zh|{{linktext|昆|崳|山}}}}) at {{convert|922.8|m|sp=us}}.

There are 121 rivers over {{convert|5|km|sp=us}} in length, the largest being:
* Wulong River ({{lang|zh-Hans|五龙河}})
* [[Dagu River]] ({{lang|zh-Hans|大沽河}})
* Dagujia River ({{lang|zh-Hans|大沽夹河}})
* Wang River ({{lang|zh-Hans|王河}})
* Jie River ({{lang|zh-Hans|界河}})
* Huangshui River ({{lang|zh-Hans|黄水河}})
* Xin'an River ({{lang|zh-Hans|辛安河}})
The core of the old town of Zhifu was located above the mouth of the [[Yi River (Shandong)|Yi]] ({{lang|zh|{{linktext|沂|河}}}}, ''Yí Hé'').{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}}

===Climate===
Yantai has a monsoon-influenced climate which under the [[Köppen climate classification]], Yantai falls within either a [[hot-summer humid continental climate]] (''Dwa'') if the {{convert|0|°C}} isotherm is used or a [[humid subtropical climate]] (''Cwa'') if the {{convert|-3|°C}} isotherm is used. Summers are hot, humid, and rainy while winters are cold and dry. Extremes since 1951 have ranged from {{convert|−12.8|°C|0}} (unofficial record of {{convert|−15|°C|0}} was set on 10 January 1931) to {{convert|38.4|°C|0}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=中国各地城市的历史最低气温 |url=https://weibo.com/ttarticle/p/show?id=2309404203050792315805 |access-date=2024-09-15 |website=weibo.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=山东烟台入选十大避暑胜地 气候凉爽风景优美 _新浪山东资讯_新浪山东 |url=https://sd.sina.com.cn/news/sdyw/2014-06-18/191566005.html |access-date=2025-01-01 |website=sd.sina.com.cn}}</ref>
{{Weather box
| width = auto
| location = Yantai, elevation {{convert|47|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2014)
| metric first = y
| single line = y
| collapsed = Y
| Jan high C = 2.4
| Feb high C = 4.7
| Mar high C = 10.8
| Apr high C = 17.5
| May high C = 23.5
| Jun high C = 26.9
| Jul high C = 28.8
| Aug high C = 28.5
| Sep high C = 25.3
| Oct high C = 19.6
| Nov high C = 12.1
| Dec high C = 4.8
| Jan mean C = -0.9
| Feb mean C = 0.9
| Mar mean C = 6.0
| Apr mean C = 12.4
| May mean C = 18.5
| Jun mean C = 22.3
| Jul mean C = 25.2
| Aug mean C = 25.3
| Sep mean C = 21.7
| Oct mean C = 15.7
| Nov mean C = 8.5
| Dec mean C = 1.6
| Jan low C = -3.4
| Feb low C = -1.9
| Mar low C = 2.4
| Apr low C = 8.4
| May low C = 14.4
| Jun low C = 18.9
| Jul low C = 22.4
| Aug low C = 22.8
| Sep low C = 18.9
| Oct low C = 12.6
| Nov low C = 5.6
| Dec low C = -1.0
| Jan record high C = 15.5
| Jan record low C = -12.8
| Feb record high C = 19.8
| Feb record low C = -12.6
| Mar record high C = 26.5
| Mar record low C = -8.1
| Apr record high C = 33.6
| Apr record low C = -2.6
| May record high C = 35.8
| May record low C = 6.6
| Jun record high C = 38.0
| Jun record low C = 11.5
| Jul record high C = 38.4
| Jul record low C = 14.7
| Aug record high C = 36.2
| Aug record low C = 15.0
| Sep record high C = 35.1
| Sep record low C = 10.7
| Oct record high C = 30.4
| Oct record low C = 0.8
| Nov record high C = 26.0
| Nov record low C = -4.9
| Dec record high C = 18.8
| Dec record low C = -10.8
| year high C = 
| year low C = 
| year high F = 
| year low F = 
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 15.5
| Feb precipitation mm = 13.8
| Mar precipitation mm = 16.9
| Apr precipitation mm = 38.3
| May precipitation mm = 52.1
| Jun precipitation mm = 65.5
| Jul precipitation mm = 160.1
| Aug precipitation mm = 143.9
| Sep precipitation mm = 56.7
| Oct precipitation mm = 27.8
| Nov precipitation mm = 35.1
| Dec precipitation mm = 24.4
| Jan humidity = 61
| Feb humidity = 59
| Mar humidity = 53
| Apr humidity = 53
| May humidity = 58
| Jun humidity = 69
| Jul humidity = 80
| Aug humidity = 81
| Sep humidity = 70
| Oct humidity = 62
| Nov humidity = 61
| Dec humidity = 61
| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 6.4
| Feb precipitation days = 4.5
| Mar precipitation days = 4.0
| Apr precipitation days = 5.4
| May precipitation days = 6.8
| Jun precipitation days = 7.9
| Jul precipitation days = 10.6
| Aug precipitation days = 10.1
| Sep precipitation days = 6.1
| Oct precipitation days = 5.6
| Nov precipitation days = 5.5
| Dec precipitation days = 8.0
| year precipitation days = 
| Jan sun = 156.0
| Feb sun = 174.2
| Mar sun = 233.5
| Apr sun = 240.4
| May sun = 267.7
| Jun sun = 244.1
| Jul sun = 202.0
| Aug sun = 215.4
| Sep sun = 217.0
| Oct sun = 202.8
| Nov sun = 163.4
| Dec sun = 141.7
| year sun = 
| Jan percentsun = 51
| Feb percentsun = 57
| Mar percentsun = 63
| Apr percentsun = 61
| May percentsun = 61
| Jun percentsun = 56
| Jul percentsun = 46
| Aug percentsun = 52
| Sep percentsun = 59
| Oct percentsun = 59
| Nov percentsun = 54
| Dec percentsun = 48
| year percentsun = 
| Jan snow days = 10.9
| Feb snow days = 6.5
| Mar snow days = 2.4
| Apr snow days = 0.2
| May snow days = 0
| Jun snow days = 0
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = 0
| Oct snow days = 0
| Nov snow days = 2.4
| Dec snow days = 10.9
| year snow days = 
| source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language=zh-hans |access-date=12 August 2023 |archive-date=5 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905194950/http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language=zh-hans |access-date=12 August 2023 |title=Experience Template |archive-date=4 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404092524/https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |url-status=live }}</ref>
| source 2 = Weather China<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101120501.shtml |title=烟台 - 气象数据 -中国天气网 |access-date=15 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116001201/http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101120501.shtml |archive-date=16 November 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| source = 
}}

==Administration==
The [[prefecture-level city]] of Yantai administers 12 [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#County level|county-level divisions]], including 5 [[District of China|districts]], 6 [[county-level city|county-level cities]], and one development zone. ({{lang|zh-Hans|开发区}})

* [[Zhifu District]] (芝罘区)
* [[Fushan District]] (福山区)
* [[Muping District]] (牟平区)
* [[Laishan District]] (莱山区)
* [[Penglai District]] (蓬莱区)
* [[Laiyang]] City (莱阳市)
* [[Laizhou]] City (莱州市)
* [[Zhaoyuan City]] (招远市)
* [[Qixia, Shandong|Qixia]] City (栖霞市)
* [[Haiyang]] City (海阳市)
* [[Longkou]] City (龙口市)
* [[Yantai Economic and Technological Development Zone]] 
* [[Yantai Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone]]

These are further divided into 148 [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#Township level|township-level divisions]], including 94 [[Town (China)|towns]], six [[Township (People's Republic of China)|townships]], and 48 [[Subdistricts of China|subdistrict]]s.

{| class="wikitable"
! Map
|-
| align="center"| <div style="position: relative" class="center">
{{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Yantai.png|width=535|link=}} 
{{Image label|x=1580|y=1000|scale=535/2140|text=[[Zhifu District|{{small|'''Zhifu'''}}]]}}
{{Image label|x=1390|y=1070|scale=535/2140|text=[[Fushan District|'''Fushan''']]}}
{{Image label|x=1790|y=1280|scale=535/2140|text=[[Muping District|'''Muping''']]}}
{{Image label|x=1630|y=1170|scale=535/2140|text=[[Laishan District|{{small|'''Laishan'''}}]]}}
{{Image label|x=1100|y=870|scale=535/2140|text=[[Penglai District|'''Penglai''']]}}
{{Image label|x=760|y=930|scale=535/2140|text=[[Longkou|'''Longkou<br>{{small|(city)}}''']]}}
{{Image label|x=1010|y=1740|scale=535/2140|text=[[Laiyang|'''Laiyang<br>{{small|(city)}}''']]}}
{{Image label|x=380|y=1400|scale=535/2140|text=[[Laizhou|'''Laizhou<br>{{small|(city)}}''']]}}
{{Image label|x=650|y=1230|scale=535/2140|text=[[Zhaoyuan City|'''Zhaoyuan<br>{{small|(city)}}''']]}}
{{Image label|x=1160|y=1280|scale=535/2140|text=[[Qixia, Shandong|'''Qixia<br>{{small|(city)}}''']]}}
{{Image label|x=1340|y=1770|scale=535/2140|text=[[Haiyang|'''Haiyang<br>{{small|(city)}}''']]}}
{{Image label end}}
</div>
|}

==Economy==
[[File:龍口海濱.jpg|thumb|Oil drilling platforms in Longkou]]

Yantai is currently the second largest industrial city in Shandong, next to Qingdao. However, the region's largest industry is agriculture. It is famous throughout China for a particular variety of apple and Laiyang pear, and is home to the country's largest and oldest grape winery, [[Changyu]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323296504578396131833363780 |title=Indulge in China's Latest Export |author=Will Lyons |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|date=5 April 2013 |access-date=8 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827102747/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323296504578396131833363780 |archive-date=27 August 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>[[File:Chateau-Changyu.jpg|thumb|right|Modern day Chateau Changyu, Yantai]]

The [[county-level city]] of [[Longkou]] is well known throughout China for its production of [[cellophane noodles]].{{citation needed|date=May 2015}}

===Power===
Yantai derives most of its energy from a large [[coal power plant]] using [[bituminous coal]], and fitted with coal gasification technology to minimize pollution.<ref>{{cite web |title=China's Coal Future |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/s/407092/chinas-coal-future/ |website=www.technologyreview.com/ |publisher=MIT Technology Review |access-date=17 July 2018 |archive-date=7 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907020304/https://www.technologyreview.com/s/407092/chinas-coal-future/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The plant is located close to Yantai port.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fairley |first1=Peter |title=China's coal future |date=1 January 2007 |publisher=MIT Technology review |location=USA |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/s/407092/chinas-coal-future/ |access-date=17 July 2018 |archive-date=7 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907020304/https://www.technologyreview.com/s/407092/chinas-coal-future/ |url-status=live }}</ref> An attempt to switch northern China from coal to [[natural gas]] resulted in shortages, and in 2017 the Chinese government implemented a new plan to convert half of northern China to clean energy for winter heating.<ref>{{Cite news|title=China unveils 2017-2021 winter clean heating plan: media|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://es.reuters.com/article/us-china-energy-heating-idUSKBN1EB02P|access-date=1 December 2020}}{{dead link|date=July 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> [[Haiyang]], a city under Yantai's [[Prefectures of China|prefecture]], is anticipated to meet its total winter heating needs with [[Nuclear power in China|nuclear power]] by 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Haiyang nuclear plant furthers nation's green push - Chinadaily.com.cn|url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202010/23/WS5f9238bfa31024ad0ba807ec.html|access-date=1 December 2020|website=www.chinadaily.com.cn|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130050519/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202010/23/WS5f9238bfa31024ad0ba807ec.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:煙台市毓璜頂醫院.jpg|thumb|Yuhuangding Hospital, the best hospital in the city]]

===Industrial zones===
==== Yantai Economic and Technological Development Area ====
Yantai Economic and Technological Development Area is one of the earliest approved state-level economic development zones in China. It now has a planned area of {{convert|10|km2|abbr=on}} and a population of 115,000. It lies on the tip of the Shandong Peninsula facing the Yellow Sea. It adjoins downtown Yantai, merely 6 kilometers away from Yantai Port and 6 kilometers away from Yantai Railway Station (not to be confused with Yantai South Railway Station).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/yantai-economic-and-technological-development-area/ |title=RightSite.asia {{!}} Yantai Economic and Technological Development Area |access-date=6 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100509055934/http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/yantai-economic-and-technological-development-area |archive-date=9 May 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Yantai Export Processing Zone ====
Yantai Export Processing Zone (YTEPZ) is one of the first 15 export processing zones approved by the State Council. The total construction area of YTEPZ is {{convert|4.17|km2|abbr=on}}, in which the initial zone covers {{convert|3|km2|abbr=on}}. After developing for several years, YTEPZ is completely constructed. At present, the infrastructure has been completed, with standard workshops of {{convert|120000|m2|abbr=on}} and bonded warehouses of {{convert|40000|m2|abbr=on}}. Up to now, owing to an excellent investment environment, YTEPZ has attracted investors from foreign countries and regions such as Japan, Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Sweden, the United States, Canada, etc., as well as domestic investors, to operate in the zone.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/yantai-export-processing-zone/ |title=RightSite.asia {{!}} Yantai Export Processing Zone |access-date=6 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100510115040/http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/yantai-export-processing-zone |archive-date=10 May 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref>
==Education==
[[File:山東省煙台市第一中學.jpg|thumb|Yantai No.1 High School]]
The following is a list of prominent Yantai higher education institutions.
* [[Yantai University]]
* [[Ludong University]]
* [[Shandong Institute of Business and Technology]]

[[China Agricultural University]] and
[[Binzhou Medical College]] house campuses in Yantai.

It houses a Korean international school, [[Korean School in Yantai]].

[[Chefoo School]] previously educated foreign children.

==Transport==
[[Yantai Penglai International Airport]] provides scheduled flights to major airports in China as well as Seoul, Osaka, and Hong Kong.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.gxaea.com/english/Investment_show.asp?news_id=3 |title=Yantai Chaoshui International Airport project |access-date=25 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208175650/http://www.gxaea.com/english/Investment_show.asp?news_id=3 |archive-date=8 February 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Lancun–Yantai railway]] ends at Yantai.<ref name=autogenerated1>(Chinese) [http://news.iqilu.com/shandong/shandonggedi/20100830/311555.html "蓝烟铁路电气化工程完工 时速提高到120公里" ''齐鲁网''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008181105/http://news.iqilu.com/shandong/shandonggedi/20100830/311555.html |date=8 October 2011 }} 30 August 2010</ref>
The Qingrong Intercity Railway, the first intercity high-speed railway in Shandong Province, has been put into operation, cutting the travel time of the fastest train from Qingdao to Yantai from about 4 hours and 30 minutes to about 1 hour and 15 minutes.

==Tourism==
[[File:Yantai Ship Mast.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Ship Mast on Yantai Hill]]
[[File:Yantai Temple of Sea Goddess.jpg|thumb|right|240px|[[Mazu|Temple of the Sea Goddess]]]]

Penglai City's Dan Cliffs ({{zh|labels=no|c=丹崖}}) is said to be the departure point of the [[Eight Immortals]] on their trip to the Conference of the Magical Peach. {{citation needed|date=September 2015}} It is important to note that Penglai is around 80&nbsp;km from the city centre of Yantai.

Yangma Island<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bbkaishan |title=养马岛旅游简介 |url=https://www.sogou.com/link?url=TdXYaTdl0k4G0hbNCmtDqR7I1CF5xjY8kZlmTqQy0LM0a6FsJRcxvwTHGCcBUuDP |website=本地宝 |access-date=24 September 2023 |language=zh |trans-title=Yangma Island Tourism Introduction |date=2013-11-26}}</ref> is located in the north of [[Muping District]], Yantai and has a large area. The climate on the island is pleasant, with no severe cold in winter and no scorching heat in summer, making it suitable for leisure and vacation. It can be called the [[Maldives]] in China. Yangma Island has a long history. It is said that Emperor [[Qin Shi Huang|Qin Shihuang]] raised royal horses here during his eastward tour and was named the "Royal Horse Island", hence the name of Yangma Island.

==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in China}}
{{citation needed|date=September 2015}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country !! City
|-
|[[Brazil]]
|[[Vitória, Espírito Santo|Vitória]]
|-
| [[United States]] || [[San Diego]]
|-
| [[Japan]] || [[Beppu]]
|-
| [[New Zealand]] || [[Tauranga]]
|-
| [[Japan]] || [[Miyako, Iwate|Miyako]]
|-
| [[South Korea]] || [[Gunsan]]
|-
| [[Thailand]] || [[Phuket]]
|-
| [[United Kingdom]] || [[Angus, Scotland|Angus]]
|-
| [[South Korea]] || [[Wonju]]
|-
| [[South Korea]] || [[Ulsan]]
|-
| [[Sweden]] || [[Örebro]]
|-
| [[Bulgaria]] || [[Burgas]]
|-
| [[France]] || [[Quimper]]
|-
| [[France]] || [[Angers]]
|-
| [[South Korea]] || [[Incheon]]
|-
| [[South Korea]] || [[Ansan]]
|-
| [[United States]] || [[Omaha]]
|-
| [[Australia]] || [[Mackay, Queensland|Mackay]]
|-
| [[Spain]] || [[Alcalá de Henares|Alcala De Henares]]
|-
| [[Hungary]] || [[Miskolc]]
|}

== Notable people ==
{{See also|:category:People from Yantai}}

* [[Qiu Chuji]] (1148–1227), leading [[Quanzhen]] [[Taoist]] priest and founder of [[Dragon Gate Taoism]]
* [[Qi Jiguang]] (1528–1588), [[Ming dynasty]] military general most remembered for defending coastal China against [[Wokou|Japanese pirates]]
* [[Wang Yirong]] (1845–1900), [[Qing dynasty]] official and historian who was first to recognize the [[oracle bone script]]
* [[Henry Luce]] (1898–1967), founder of [[Time Magazine]], [[Sports Illustrated]], and owned many magazine publications such as [[Life Magazine]]
* [[Peter Stursberg]] (1913–2014), Canadian writer and journalist
* [[Chou Wen-chung]] (1923–2019), composer
* [[:zh:刘泽文|Liu Zewen]] (b. 1943), artist
* [[Lin Qingxia]] (b. 1954), actress
* [[Wang Zhengpu]] (b. 1963), politician
* [[Dong Jun]] (b.1963), [[People's Liberation Army Navy]] commander
* [[Li Yunze]] (b. 1970), politician and first post 70's ministerial-level leader
* [[Huo Jianhua]] (b. 1979), actor
* [[Wang Yaping]] (b. 1980), [[People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps]] astronaut
* [[Fan Bingbing]] (b. 1981), actress
* [[Guanqun Yu]] (b. 1982), Opera singer
* [[Zhao Yingzi]] (b. 1990), actress

==See also==
{{portal|China}}
* [[Chefoo School]]

== Notes ==
{{NoteFoot}}

== References ==
=== Citations ===
{{Reflist}}

=== Sources ===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite EB9 |mode=cs2 |wstitle = Che-foo |volume=5 |ref = {{harvid|''EB''|1878}} |page=455 }}.
* {{cite EB1911 |mode=cs2 |wstitle = Chi-fu |volume=6 |ref = {{harvid|''EB''|1911}} |pages=132–3 }}.
{{refend}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Yantai}}
{{Wikivoyage|Yantai}}
* [http://www.yantai.gov.cn Government website of Yantai] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020123051927/http://www.yantai.gov.cn/ |date=23 January 2002 }} (available in Chinese, English, German, French, Japanese and Korean)
* [http://sinojapanesewar.com/chefoo.htm Old photos of Yantai (Chefoo) ]
* [http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/chih_fou_1912.jpg 1912 historical map of Yantai]

{{-}}
{{National Famous Historical and Cultural Cities in Shandong}}
{{Yantai}}
{{Shandong}}
{{Shandong topics}}
{{Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}
{{Metropolitan cities of the People's Republic of China}}
{{SEZ}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Yantai| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Shandong]]
[[Category:Prefecture-level divisions of Shandong]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns in China]]
[[Category:National Civilized City]]