View source for Yekaterinburg

{{Short description|City in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox Russian inhabited locality
| en_name                 = Yekaterinburg
| ru_name                 = Екатеринбург
| image_skyline           = {{multiple image
 | total_width            = 280
 | border                 = infobox
 | perrow                 = 1/2/1/1
 | caption_align          = center
 | image1 = E-burg asv2019-05 img46 view from VysotSky.jpg{{!}}View of Yekaterinburg-City and the Iset River from Vysotsky
 | caption1 = View of [[Yekaterinburg-City]] and the [[Iset (river)|Iset River]] from [[Vysotsky (skyscraper)|Vysotsky Skyscraper]]
 | image2 = Church on the Blood, Yekaterinburg-121.jpg{{!}}Church of All Saints
 | caption2 = [[Church of All Saints, Yekaterinburg|Church of All Saints]]
 | image3 = Дом Севастьянова (окружной суд) Екатеринбург.jpg{{!}}Sevastyanov's house
 | caption3 = {{ill|Sevastyanov's house|ru|Дом Севастьянова}}
 | image4 = E-burg asv2019-05 img30 UrFU Mira19.jpg{{!}}The main building of the Ural Federal University
 | caption4 = Main building of [[Ural Federal University]]
 | image5 = Yekaterinburg-2021-08 - 1.jpeg{{!}}Summit Business Center and [[Yekaterinburg Circus]]
 | caption5 = Summit Business Center and [[Yekaterinburg Circus]]
 }}
| coordinates             = {{coord|56|50|08|N|60|36|46|E|type:city(1,3000,000)_region:RU-SVE|display=inline,title}}
| image_flag              = Flag of Yekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk oblast).svg
| image_coa               = Coat of Arms of Yekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk oblast).svg
| coa_caption             = Coat of arms
| holiday                 = 3rd Saturday of August
| federal_subject         = [[Sverdlovsk Oblast]]
| federal_subject_ref     =<ref name="SverdlovskO_adm" />
| adm_inhabloc_jur        = [[City of federal subject significance|City]] of Yekaterinburg
| adm_inhabloc_jur_ref    =<ref name="OKATO" />
| adm_ctr_of1             = [[Sverdlovsk Oblast]]
| adm_ctr_of1_ref         =<ref name="SverdlovskO_adm" />
| adm_ctr_of2             = City of Yekaterinburg
| inhabloc_cat            = City
| inhabloc_cat_ref        =<ref name="SverdlovskO_adm" />
| urban_okrug_jur         = Yekaterinburg Urban Okrug
| urban_okrug_jur_ref     =<ref name="SverdlovskO_mun" />
| mun_admctr_of1          = Yekaterinburg Urban Okrug 
| mun_admctr_of1_ref      =<ref name="SverdlovskO_mun" /> 
| leader_title            = {{ill|Heads of Yekaterinburg|lt=Head|ru|Глава Екатеринбурга}}
| leader_title_ref        =<ref name="Head">Official website of Yekaterinburg. [http://екатеринбург.рф/administration/glava/ Alexander Edmundovich Yakob, Head of Administration of the City of Yekaterinburg] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150712214214/http://xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/administration/glava/ |date=12 July 2015 }} {{in lang|ru}}</ref>
| leader_name             = {{ill|Alexey Orlov (mayor)|lt=Alexey Orlov|ru|Орлов, Алексей Валерьевич}}
| representative_body     = [[Yekaterinburg City Duma|City Duma]]
| representative_body_ref =<ref name="Legis">Charter of Yekaterinburg, Article&nbsp;24.1</ref>
| area_km2                = 1111
| area_km2_ref            =<ref>{{cite web|title=Проект о внесении изменений в Генеральный план развития городского округа – муниципального образования «город Екатеринбург» на период до 2025 года.|url=https://xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/29523a1130b3d7a4c8d0bb53cef21b8a|language=ru|page=168}}{{Dead link|bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes |date=January 2024}}</ref>
| pop_2010census          = 1349772
| pop_2010census_rank     = 4th
| pop_2010census_ref      =<ref name="2010Census" />
| pop_latest              = 1536183
| pop_latest_date         = 2024
| pop_latest_ref          =<ref name="PopStateStats">{{cite web|date=1 January 2024|title=Federal State Statistic Service|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/%D0%A1hisl_MO_01-01-2024.xlsx|access-date=6 June 2024|publisher=Government of Russia}}</ref>
| established_date        = 18 November 1723
| established_date_ref    =<ref name="Haywood" />
| current_cat_date        = 1781<ref name="town" />
| postal_codes            = 620000
| postal_codes_ref        =<ref name="Gen">{{Cite web|title=Срок регистрации домена закончился|url=http://www.ekaterinburg.com/directory/004/912/article_4912.html|access-date=26 February 2022|website=www.ekaterinburg.com|archive-date=21 January 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130121220536/http://www.ekaterinburg.com/directory/004/912/article_4912.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| dialing_codes           = 343
| dialing_codes_ref       =<ref name="Gen" />
| website                 = https://екатеринбург.рф/
}}

'''Yekaterinburg''' ({{IPAc-en|j|ɪ|ˈ|k|æ|t|ə|r|ɪ|n|b|ɜː|r|ɡ}} {{respell|yih|KAT|ər|in|burg}}; {{langx|ru|Екатеринбург}}, {{IPA|ru|jɪkətʲɪrʲɪnˈburk|IPA|audio=Ru-Екатеринбург.oga}}), alternatively [[Romanization of Russian|romanized]] as '''Ekaterinburg''' and formerly known as '''Sverdlovsk''' ({{lang|ru|Свердловск}} {{IPA|ru|svʲɪrˈdlofsk|IPA|audio=Ru-Сведрловск.ogg}}; 1924–1991), is a city and the [[administrative centre]] of [[Sverdlovsk Oblast]] and the [[Ural Federal District]], Russia. The city is located on the [[Iset River]] between the [[Idel-Ural|Volga-Ural]] region and [[Siberia]], with a population of roughly 1.5&nbsp;million residents,<ref name="est.2020">{{cite web|date=4 August 2020|title=RUSSIA: Ural'skij Federal'nyj Okrug: Ural Federal District|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/russia/cities/ural/|access-date=2 October 2020|website=City Population.de}}</ref> up to 2.2&nbsp;million residents in the urban agglomeration. Yekaterinburg is the [[list of cities and towns in Russia by population|fourth most populous city]] in Russia, the largest city in the Ural Federal District, and one of Russia's main cultural and industrial centres. Yekaterinburg has been dubbed the "Third capital of Russia", as it is ranked third by the size of its economy, culture, transportation and tourism.<ref>{{cite web|title=Рейтинг столичных городов России от Фонда "Институт экономики города"|url=http://www.urbaneconomics.ru/centr-obshchestvennyh-svyazey/news/reyting-stolichnyh-gorodov-rossii-ot-fonda-institut-ekonomiki|website=Urbaneconomics.ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Kolossov|first1=Vladimir|last2=Eckert|first2=Denis|date=1 January 2007|title=Russian regional capitals as new international actors: the case of Yekaterinburg and Rostov|url=https://journals.openedition.org/belgeo/11686|journal=Belgeo|issue=1|language=en|pages=115–132|doi=10.4000/belgeo.11686|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Central Asian Chapter by Eurasian Respiratory and Allergy Consortium|url=http://www.era-cac.org/?p=russian|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612144626/http://www.era-cac.org/?p=russian|archive-date=12 June 2018|access-date=1 June 2018|website=Era-cac.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Yekaterinburg - Entertainment - Russia.com|work=Russia.com|url=http://russia.com/city-highlight/yekaterinburg-entertainment/}}</ref>

Yekaterinburg was founded on 18 November 1723 and named after the Orthodox name of [[Catherine I of Russia|Catherine I]] (born Marta Helena Skowrońska), the wife of Russian Emperor [[Peter the Great]]. The city served as the mining capital of the [[Russian Empire]] as well as a strategic connection between Europe and Asia. In 1781, [[Catherine the Great]] gave Yekaterinburg the status of a district town of [[Perm Province]], and built the historical [[Siberian Route]] through the city.<ref name="town">{{Cite news|date=26 January 2013|title=Журнал "Родина": ОКНО В АЗИЮ|work=archive.is|url=http://www.istrodina.com/rodina_articul.php3?id=2714&n=132|url-status=dead|access-date=15 May 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126122110/http://www.istrodina.com/rodina_articul.php3?id=2714&n=132|archive-date=26 January 2013}}</ref> Yekaterinburg became a key city to Siberia, which had rich resources. In the late 19th century, Yekaterinburg became one of the centres of revolutionary movements in the Urals. In 1924, after the [[Russian Soviet Socialist Federative Republic|Russian SFSR]] founded the [[Soviet Union]], the city was renamed ''Sverdlovsk'' after the [[Bolshevik]] leader [[Yakov Sverdlov]]. During the Soviet era, Sverdlovsk was turned into an industrial and administrative powerhouse. On 23 September 1991 the city returned to its historical name.

Yekaterinburg is one of Russia's most important economic centres and was one of the host cities of the [[2018 FIFA World Cup]]. The city is currently{{when|date=December 2024}} experiencing an economic and population boom, which resulted in some of the [[list of tallest buildings in Russia|tallest skyscrapers of Russia]] being located in the city. Yekaterinburg is home to the headquarters of the [[Central Military District]] of the [[Russian Armed Forces]], as well as the presidium of the Ural Branch of the [[Russian Academy of Sciences]].

Yekaterinburg is famous for its [[constructivist architecture]]<ref>{{cite web|date=16 January 2018|title=Конструктивизм. Жемчужина архитектуры Екатеринбурга|url=https://www.e1.ru/text/gorod/2018/01/16/53383811/|access-date=21 December 2021|website=www.e1.ru|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Как Екатеринбург за 10 лет стал столицей конструктивизма|url=https://strelkamag.com/ru/article/kak-ekaterinburg-za-10-let-stal-stolicei-konstruktivizma|access-date=21 December 2021|website=Strelka Mag|language=ru|archive-date=5 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305045714/https://strelkamag.com/ru/article/kak-ekaterinburg-za-10-let-stal-stolicei-konstruktivizma|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Урал|first=Наш|date=19 May 2016|title=Советская утопия: эпоха конструктивизма в Екатеринбурге|url=https://nashural.ru/article/istoriya-urala/sovetskaya-utopiya-epoha-konstruktivizma-v-ekaterinburge/|access-date=21 December 2021|website=Наш Урал|language=ru-RU}}</ref> and is also considered the "Russian capital of [[street art]]".<ref>{{cite web|title=Все кругом храпят, а Екатеринбург — пробужденный Когда уральский город объявил себя российской столицей стрит-арта, многие смеялись. А потом он стал ею|url=https://meduza.io/feature/2021/05/04/vse-krugom-hrapyat-a-ekaterinburg-probuzhdennyy|access-date=21 December 2021|website=Meduza|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Как Екатеринбург становится столицей стрит-арта|url=https://rg.ru/2019/04/16/reg-urfo/kak-ekaterinburg-stanovitsia-stolicej-strit-arta.html|access-date=21 December 2021|website=Российская газета|date=16 April 2019|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Екатеринбург – столица стрит-арта. Часть первая|url=https://www.uralweb.ru/cityguide/ekaterinburg/7033-ekaterinburg---stolica-strit-arta-chast-pervaya.html|access-date=21 December 2021|website=www.uralweb.ru|language=ru|archive-date=3 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303083804/https://www.uralweb.ru/cityguide/ekaterinburg/7033-ekaterinburg---stolica-strit-arta-chast-pervaya.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==History==
{{For timeline}}

=== Prehistory ===
[[File:Литейная форма.jpg|left|thumb|[[Bronze Age]] 5-[[sickle]] [[casting]] mold, [[Sverdlovsk Regional Museum of Local Lore]]]]
The area was settled in prehistory. The earliest settlements date to 8000–7000&nbsp;BC, in the [[Mesolithic|Mesolithic period]]. The Isetskoe Pravoberezhnoye I archaeological site contains a [[Neolithic]] settlement dated to 6000–5000&nbsp;BC. It includes stone processing workshops with artefacts such as grinding plates, anvils, clumps of rock, tools, and finished products. Over 50 different types of rock and minerals were used in tool making, indicating extensive knowledge of the region's natural resources. The Gamayun peninsula (left bank of the Verkh-Isetsky Pond) has archaeological findings from the [[Chalcolithic|Chalcolithic Period]]: workshops for producing stone tools (upper area) and two dwellings of the Ayat culture (lower area). There are also traces of the Koptyak culture from 2000&nbsp;BC: dishes decorated with bird images and evidence of metallurgical production. The Tent I site contains the only Koptyak culture burials discovered in the [[Ural Mountains]]. In the [[Bronze Age]], the people of Gamayun culture lived in the area. They left fragments of ceramics, weapons, and ornaments.<ref>{{cite web|title=Памятникик археологии|url=http://www.1723.ru/read/map-okr/ekaterinburg-1994.htm|access-date=20 May 2018|website=1723.ru}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web|title=1.2. Палкинские каменные палатки. Проект 1. {{!}} "Образование Урала"|url=http://www.uraledu.ru/node/9163|access-date=20 May 2018|website=uraledu.ru|language=ru|archive-date=5 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405121942/http://www.uraledu.ru/node/9163|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:ГАМАЮНСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА – Уральская Историческая Энциклопедия|url=http://www.ural.ru/spec/ency/encyclopaedia-4-460.html|access-date=20 May 2018|website=ural.ru|language=ru|archive-date=22 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140722143709/http://www.ural.ru/spec/ency/encyclopaedia-4-460.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Archaeological artifacts in the vicinity of Yekaterinburg were first discovered during railway construction, at the end of the 19th century. Excavation and research began in the 20th century. Artifacts are held at the [[Sverdlovsk Regional Museum of Local Lore]], at the [[Hermitage Museum|Hermitage]], at the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences, and at other museums.<ref name=":2" />

===Imperial era===
{{Further|Russian Empire}}[[File:Uktus plant.jpg|left|thumb|Uktus plant, 1730]]The first Russian settlements within the boundaries of modern Yekaterinburg appeared in the second half of the 17th century — in 1672, an [[Old Believers]] village arose in the area of Shartash lake<ref name="gr" /> (this fact is disputed by historians, since no evidence of the founding of the village at that time was found in the sources),<ref>{{Cite web|last=Юрий|first=Коновалов|date=26 March 2004|title=Первые русские поселения на реке Уктус|url=https://www.okorneva.ru/publikatsii--konovalova-yuriya-vitalevicha/pervyie-russkie-poseleniya-na-reke-uktus/|access-date=7 June 2024|website=www.okorneva.ru|language=Russian}}</ref> and in 1680&ndash;1682, the villages of Nizhny and Verkhny Uktus appeared on the banks of Uktus River (now the territory of the Chkalovsky district of the city).<ref name=":19">{{Cite journal|last=Кулешов|first=Николай|date=2001|title=Горных заводов щит|url=http://www.1723.ru/read/dai/dai-48.htm|journal=Домострой|issue=4}}</ref> In 1702, by the initiative of the head of [[Sibirskiy prikaz]] [[Andrew Vinius]], the Uktus state ironwork plant was founded near Nizhny Uktus — the first ironworks within the boundaries of modern Yekaterinburg.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Архипова|first=Нина|date=2001|title=Тайны "превысочайшего Камня"|journal=[[Rodina (magazine)|Родина]]|issue=11}}</ref> In 1704, the Shuvakish ironworks was built (now the territory of the Zheleznodorozhny district of the city).<ref name="gr" /> With the beginning of active [[History of metallurgy in the Urals|construction of factories in the Urals]] in the 18th century, relations with their southern neighbors, the [[Bashkirs]], became strained. As a result of the Bashkir raid in 1709, the village of Verkhny Uktus was devastated, all buildings, including the wooden church and chapel, were burned, the residents fled to the protection of the Uktus plant fortifications.<ref name=":19" /> On the night of 5 April 1718, a fire destroyed all the factory buildings of the Uktus plant, except for the dam, and the plant was restored only by 1720 under the supervision of Timofey Burtsev.<ref>Корепанов Н. С. [https://uraloved.ru/images/pdf/uktus-istok-ekb.pdf Уктус — исток Екатеринбурга] — Екатеринбург: Грачёв и партнёры, 2012. — 40 экз. — ISBN 978-5-91256-129-0</ref> However, the plant did not receive further development due to the lack of water in Uktus river.

In 1720, by decree of [[Peter the Great|Peter I]], a delegation led by mining specialist Johann Blüher and statesman [[Vasily Tatishchev]] was sent to the [[Ural (region)|Urals]].<ref name=":20">{{Cite book|last=Юхт|first=Александр|title=Государственная деятельность В. Н. Татищева в 20-е — начале 30-х годов XVIII века.|publisher=[[Nauka (publisher)|Наука]]|year=1985|location=Moscow|language=ru}}</ref> They were entrusted with managing the mining industry, identifying the causes of the collapse and reduction of production at state-owned factories.<ref name=":20" /> On 29 December 1720,<ref name=":20" /> Tatishchev and Blüher arrive at the Uktus plant, which became their main residence in the Urals. As a result of familiarizing himself with the state of nearby state-owned factories, Tatishchev came to the conclusion that on the basis of these factories, even if they were reconstructed and expanded, it would not be possible to quickly increase the production of iron, and it would be more profitable to build a new large plant. After inspecting the immediate area, together with the commissary of the Uktus plant, Timofey Burtsev, a place rich in ore and forest was chosen on the banks of the more full-flowing [[Iset (river)|Iset River]], 7 [[verst]]s from Uktus.<ref name=":20" /> On 6 February 1721, Tatishchev sent a message to the [[Collegium of Mining]], in which he asked permission to begin construction of the plant, with detailed explanations and justification for this project.<ref name=":20" /> On 1 March 1721, without waiting for a response from the Collegium, Tatishchev began construction of the new plant,<ref name="gr" /> but he failed to convince Collegium, and by the Collegium decree of 10 December 1721, he was removed from the leadership of mining affairs in the Urals.<ref name="gr" /> In 1722, by decree of Peter the Great, a mining engineer, Major General [[Georg Wilhelm de Gennin]], was sent to the Urals in place of Tatishchev. Having studied all the circumstances, de Gennin fully supported Tatishchev’s project, and on 12 March 1723, construction of the plant on Iset resumed.<ref name="gr" />

[[File:Old Catherineburg.jpg|left|thumb|Yekaterinburg, 1789]]Russian historian Vasily Tatishchev and Russian engineer Georg Wilhelm de Gennin founded Yekaterinburg with the construction of a massive iron-making plant under the decree of Russian emperor Peter the Great in 1723.<ref>{{cite web|title=Библиотека истории: Ремесло историка в России – Бердинских В.А.|url=http://history-library.com/index.php?id1=3&category=istoriya-rossii&author=berdinskih-va&book=2009&page=106|access-date=20 May 2018|website=history-library.com|archive-date=1 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401164140/http://history-library.com/index.php?id1=3&category=istoriya-rossii&author=berdinskih-va&book=2009&page=106|url-status=dead}}</ref> They named the city after the emperor's wife, Yekaterina, who later became empress regnant [[Catherine I of Russia|Catherine&nbsp;I]].<ref name="Haywood">Haywood, A. J. (2010). ''Siberia: A Cultural History'', Oxford University Press, p.&nbsp;32</ref> Officially, the city's founding date is 18 November 1723, when the shops carried out a test run of the bloomery for trip hammers.<ref name="Haywood" /> The plant was commissioned 6 days later, on 24 November.<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Завод-крепость – История основания Екатеринбурга – Информационный портал Екатеринбурга|url=http://www.ekburg.ru/aboutcity/history/zavod-krepost/|access-date=20 May 2018|website=ekburg.ru|language=ru}}</ref> 1723 also saw the establishment of [[Yekaterinburg fortress]], which would encompass many of the settlement's earliest buildings. [[Dmitry Mamin-Sibiryak]] very vividly described the beginning of the construction of a mining plant and a fortress: "Imagine completely deserted banks of the Iset river, covered with forest. In the spring of 1723, soldiers from Tobolsk, peasants of the assigned settlements, hired craftsmen appeared, and everything around came to life, as if by the dictates of a fairy tale. They dropped the forest, prepared a place for the dam, laid blast furnaces, raised the rampart, set up barracks and houses for the authorities... ".<ref name="histrf1">{{Cite web|url=https://histrf.ru/read/articles/osnovaniie-iekatierinburgha-event|title=Основание Екатеринбурга|website=Histrf.ru|access-date=20 February 2022}}</ref>

In 1722–1726 the Verkhne-Uktussky mining plant was built,<ref>[http://www.ihist.uran.ru/files/2001_MetallPlants.pdf Металлургические заводы Урала XVII—XX вв.: Энциклопедия / глав. ред. В. В. Алексеев. — Екатеринбург : Издательство «Академкнига», 2001.]</ref> which was officially called the plant of the [[Elizabeth of Russia|princess Elizabeth]] (the future village of Elizabeth, or Elizavetinskoe) and became a part of modern Yekaterinburg in 1934.<ref name=":22">{{cite web|author=ipravo.info|title=О ликвидации Баженовского и Сысертского районов Уральской области и о расширении городской черты и пригородной зоны города Свердловска – Российский Правовой Портал|url=https://ipravo.info/sssr1/laws36/630.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619214053/https://ipravo.info/sssr1/laws36/630.htm|archive-date=19 June 2018|access-date=19 June 2018|publisher=ipravo.info|language=ru}}</ref> In 1726, Wilhelm de Gennin founded an auxiliary Verkh-Isetsky plant with a working settlement 2 versts from Yekaterinburg upstream ('verkh' in Russian) the Iset River.<ref name=":21">{{Cite web|title=History of the Verkh-Isetsky district|url=https://xn----ctbjbobhg4cmbl8a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD/%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F|website=Administration of Verkh-Isetsky district|access-date=7 June 2024|archive-date=16 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216172501/https://xn----ctbjbobhg4cmbl8a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD/%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F|url-status=dead}}</ref> The plant's dam formed the Verkh-Isetsky pond. Colloquially called by the Russian acronym VIZ, it was a satellite town until in 1926, with a population of over 20,000 people by this time, it was incorporated into Yekaterinburg as the core of the Verkh-Isetsky district.<ref name=":21" />

[[File:PlanYekaterinburg1743.JPG|thumb|Plan of Yekaterinburg, 1743]]Yekaterinburg was one of the industrial cities of Russia prompted at the beginning of the 18th century by decrees of [[Tsardom of Russia|Tsar]] Peter the Great which demanded the development of the metalworking industry. With extensive use of iron, the city was built to a regular square plan with ironworks and residential buildings at the centre. These were surrounded by fortified walls so that Yekaterinburg was at the same time both a manufacturing centre and a fortress at the frontier between Europe and Asia. It, therefore, found itself at the heart of Russia's strategy for further development of the entire Ural region. The so-called [[Siberian Route]] became operational in 1763 and placed the city on an increasingly important transit route, which led to its development as a focus of trade and commerce between east and west, and gave rise to the description of the city as the "window to Asia". With the growth in trade and the city's administrative importance, the ironworks became less critical, and the more important buildings were increasingly built using expensive stone. Small manufacturing and trading businesses proliferated. In 1781 Russia's empress, Catherine the Great, granted Yekaterinburg town status and nominated it as the administrative centre for the wider region within [[Perm Governorate]].<ref name="town" /> In 1807, the role of the capital of the mining and smelting region was confirmed by assigning it the status of the only "mountain city" in Russia. Until 1863, Yekaterinburg remained subordinate to the head of the mining plants of the [[Ural Mountains|Ural ridge]], the minister of finance and personally to the emperor, and enjoyed considerable freedom from the governor's power. Since the 1830s, mountainous Yekaterinburg has become the center of mechanical engineering.<ref name="histrf1"/> 
[[File:Yekaterinburg cathedral on the blood 2007.jpg|thumb|left|[[Church of All Saints, Yekaterinburg|Cathedral on the Blood]] stands on the site of the [[Ipatiev House]], where the Romanovs — the last royal family of Russia — were murdered|225x225px|alt=]]In 1820–1845, 45% of the world's gold was mined in Yekaterinburg. This is the first ever "Gold Rush".<ref>{{cite web|date=9 October 2019|title=Золотой век Екатеринбурга|url=https://ural-n.ru/p/zolotoy-vek-ekaterinburga.html|access-date=15 August 2021|website=Уралнаш. Интересно о Екатеринбурге.|archive-date=14 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814055424/https://ural-n.ru/p/zolotoy-vek-ekaterinburga.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Until 1876, 80% of the coins in circulation in the Russian Empire were produced at the Yekaterinburg mint.<ref>{{cite web|title=50 интересных фактов об Екатеринбурге — Общенет|url=http://obshe.net/posts/id2628.html|access-date=15 August 2021|website=obshe.net}}</ref>

Following the [[October Revolution]], the family of deposed [[Tsar Nicholas II]] was sent to internal exile in Yekaterinburg where they were imprisoned in the [[Ipatiev House]] in the city. In July 1918, the [[Czechoslovak Legion]]s were closing on Yekaterinburg. In the early hours of the morning of 17 July, the deposed Tsar, his wife [[Alexandra of Hesse|Alexandra]], and their children Grand Duchesses [[Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia|Olga]], [[Grand Duchess Tatiana of Russia|Tatiana]], [[Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia (1899–1918)|Maria]], [[Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia|Anastasia]], and Tsarevich [[Tsarevich Alexei of Russia|Alexei]] were [[Murder of the Romanov family|murdered]] by the [[Bolshevik]]s at the Ipatiev House. Other members of the [[House of Romanov|Romanov family]] were killed at [[Alapayevsk]] later the same day. The Legions arrived less than a week later and captured the city.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Massie|first=Robert K.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g_Y5NmOj8LkC&pg=PA3|title=The Romanovs: The Final Chapter|date=22 February 2012|publisher=Random House Publishing Group|isbn=9780307873866|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=FSU News|url=http://www.fsu.edu/news/2007/09/11/gellately.book/|access-date=15 May 2018|website=fsu.edu|language=en}}</ref> The city remained under the control of the [[White movement]] in which a provisional government was established. The [[Red Army]] took back the city and restored Soviet authority on 14 July 1919.<ref name=":3">{{cite web|script-title=ru:История Екатеринбурга – Информационный портал Екатеринбурга|url=http://www.ekburg.ru/aboutcity/history/|access-date=20 May 2018|website=ekburg.ru|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Временное Областное Правительство Урала – Энциклопедия Екатеринбурга – Энциклопедии & Словари|url=http://enc-dic.com/enc_ekateryn/Vremennoe-oblastnoe-pravitelstvo-urala-588.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180520124704/http://enc-dic.com/enc_ekateryn/Vremennoe-oblastnoe-pravitelstvo-urala-588.html|archive-date=20 May 2018|access-date=20 May 2018|website=enc-dic.com}}</ref>

===Soviet era===
[[File:Ekaterinbourg.jpeg|thumb|Snow-covered statue of [[Yakov Sverdlov]]|alt=]]
In the years following the [[Russian Revolution]] and the [[Russian Civil War]], political authority of the Urals was transferred from [[Perm, Russia|Perm]] to Yekaterinburg. On 19 October 1920, Yekaterinburg established its first university, the [[Ural State University]], as well as polytechnic, pedagogical, and medical institutions under the decree of Soviet leader [[Vladimir Lenin]]. Enterprises in the city ravaged by the war were nationalised, including: the Metalist (formerly Yates) Plant, the Verkh-Isetsky (formerly Yakovleva) Plant, and the Lenin flax-spinning factory (formerly Makarov). In 1924, the city of Yekaterinburg was renamed Sverdlovsk after the Bolshevik leader [[Yakov Sverdlov]].<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Главная: НОВОСТИ|url=http://www.familii.ru/index.php?pCode=news&news=1014|access-date=20 May 2018|website=familii.ru|language=ru-ru}}</ref><ref name="gr">{{cite web|title=Екатеринбург|url=http://gerb.duma.midural.ru/ter/ter33|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130308011816/http://gerb.duma.midural.ru/ter/ter33|archive-date=8 March 2013|access-date=6 December 2009|website=Геральдика Свердловской области|publisher=Официальный сайт областной думы законодательного собрания}}</ref><ref name=":3" />

By the 1934, following a series of administrative reforms carried by the early Soviet government, the earliest Russian settlements which predated Yekaterinburg and laid the basis of its founding, were incorporated into the city proper.<ref name=":22" /><ref name="spr">{{cite web|title=Справочник по административно-территориальному делению Свердловской области|url=http://uralarchives.ru/docs/archives/ga/gaso-ter.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222054335/http://uralarchives.ru/docs/archives/ga/gaso-ter.pdf|archive-date=22 February 2017|access-date=2 February 2013|publisher=ГАСО (State Archive of the Sverdlovsk oblast)|pages=37}}</ref>

During the reign of Stalin, Sverdlovsk was one of several places developed by the Soviet government as a centre of heavy industry. Old factories were reconstructed and new large factories were built, especially those specialised in machine-building and metalworking. These plants included [[Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works|Magnitogorsk]] and the [[Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant]] in [[Chelyabinsk oblast]], and [[Uralmash]] in Sverdlovsk. During this time, the population of Sverdlovsk tripled in size, and it became one of the fastest-growing cities of the Soviet Union. At that time, very large powers were given to the regional authorities. By the end of the 1930s, there were 140 industrial enterprises, 25 research institutes, and 12 higher education institutions in Sverdlovsk.<ref name="Rappaport1999">{{Cite book|first=Helen|last=Rappaport|author-link=Helen Rappaport|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lsKClpnX8qwC|title=Joseph Stalin: A Biographical Companion|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=1999|isbn=978-1-57607-084-0}}</ref><ref name="sp">{{cite web|last=Беркович Артём|title=Пермь и Екатеринбург: история соперничества|url=http://m-i-e.ru/library/istoriya/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525123845/http://m-i-e.ru/library/istoriya/|archive-date=25 May 2013|access-date=16 December 2009|publisher=Муниципальный музей истории Екатеринбурга}}</ref>

During World War II, the city became the headquarters of the [[Volga–Urals Military District|Ural Military District]] on the basis of which more than 500 different military units and formations were formed, including the [[22nd Army (Russia)|22nd Army]] and the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. Uralmash became the main production site for armoured vehicles. Many state technical institutions and whole factories were relocated to Sverdlovsk away from cities affected by war (mostly Moscow), with many of them staying in Sverdlovsk after the victory. The [[Hermitage Museum]] collections were also partly evacuated from [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]] to Sverdlovsk in July 1941 and remained there until October 1945.<ref>{{citation|mode=cs1|date=2005|title=In the name of Victory. Sverdlovsk-Yekaterinburg during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945|via=Ekaterinburg: Institute of History and Archeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences}}</ref> In the postwar years, new industrial and agricultural enterprises were put into operation and massive housing construction began.<ref>{{cite web|title=Свердловск – 1983 год.|url=http://www.1723.ru/read/books/sverdlovsk-1983.htm|access-date=20 May 2018|website=1723.ru}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> The lookalike five-story apartment blocks that remain today in Kirovsky, Chkalovsky, and other residential areas of Sverdlovsk sprang up in the 1960s, under the direction of [[Nikita Khrushchev]]'s government.<ref>{{cite web|title=Интервью – АПИ-Урал|url=http://www.apiural.ru/interview/?art=18315|access-date=15 May 2018|website=apiural.ru}}</ref> In 1977, Ipatiev House was demolished by order of [[Boris Yeltsin]] in accordance to a resolution from the Politburo in order to prevent it from being used as a rallying location for [[Monarchism|monarchists]]. Yeltsin later became the first [[President of Russia]] and represented the people at the funeral of the former Tsar in 1998.<ref>{{Cite news|date=17 July 1998|title=President Yeltsin speaks about Tsar Murder|work=BBC News|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/monitoring/134401.stm|access-date=4 April 2012}}</ref> There was an [[Sverdlovsk anthrax leak|anthrax outbreak]] in Sverdlovsk in April and May 1979, which was attributed to a release from the [[closed town|Sverdlovsk-19 military facility]].<ref>Matthew S. Meselson, et al., "The Sverdlovsk Anthrax Outbreak of 1979", ''Science'' 266:5188 (18 November 1994): 1202–1208.</ref>

===Contemporary era===
During the [[1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt|1991 coup d'état attempt]], Sverdlovsk, the home city of President Boris Yeltsin, was selected by him as a temporary reserve capital for the Russian Federation, in case Moscow became too dangerous for the Russian government. A reserve cabinet headed by [[Oleg Lobov]] was sent to the city, where Yeltsin enjoyed strong popular support at that time.<ref>Martin McCauley, "Who's who in Russia since 1900", ''Routledge'', 1997: p.133.</ref> Shortly after the failure of the coup and subsequent dissolution of the Soviet Union, the city regained its historical name of Yekaterinburg on 23 September 1991. However, Sverdlovsk Oblast, of which Yekaterinburg is the administrative centre, kept its name.<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Ровно 18 лет назад Свердловск снова стал Екатеринбургом|url=http://ekburg.ru/news/2/11013/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416212241/http://ekburg.ru/news/2/11013/|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 April 2013|access-date=15 May 2018|website=Официальный портал Екатеринбурга|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=О возвращении городу Свердловску его исторического названия Екатеринбург, Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 23 сентября 1991 года №1674-1|url=http://docs.cntd.ru/document/901604776|access-date=15 May 2018|website=docs.cntd.ru}}</ref>

In the 2000s, an intensive growth of trade, business, and tourism began in Yekaterinburg. In 2003, Russian President [[Vladimir Putin]] and German Chancellor [[Gerhard Schröder]] negotiated in Yekaterinburg. On 15–17 June 2009, the [[Shanghai Cooperation Organisation|SCO]] and [[BRICS|BRIC]] summits were held in Yekaterinburg, which greatly improved the economic, cultural, and tourist situation in the city. On 13–16 July 2010, a meeting between Russian President [[Dmitry Medvedev]] and German Chancellor [[Angela Merkel]] took place in the city.<ref>{{cite web|last=(www.dw.com)|first=Deutsche Welle|title=First BRIC summit concludes {{!}} DW {{!}} 16 June 2009|url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,4335954,00.html|access-date=20 May 2018|website=DW.COM|language=en}}</ref>

In 2018, Yekaterinburg hosted four matches of the [[2018 FIFA World Cup]] and hosted the inaugural [[University International Sports Festival]] in 2023.<ref name=":15" />

==Geography==
===Location===
[[File:Yekaterinburg City (Russia) and vicinities, satellite image 2017-07-12.jpg|thumb|250px|Yekaterinburg City and vicinities, satellite image of ESA [[Sentinel-2]]]]
Geographically, Yekaterinburg is in North Asia, close to the [[Ural Mountains]] (which divide Europe from Asia), {{cvt|1667|km}} east of the nation's capital Moscow.

The city has a total area of {{cvt|1111|km2}}.

Yekaterinburg is on the eastern side of the Urals. The city is surrounded by wooded hills, partially cultivated for agricultural purposes. Yekaterinburg is located on a natural watershed, so there would be many bodies of water close and in the city. The city is bisected by the [[Iset River]], which flows from the Urals into the [[Tobol River]]. There are two lakes in the city, Lake Shuvakish and Lake Shartash. The city borders Verkh-Isetskiy Pond, through which the Iset River flows. Lake Isetskoye and Lake Baltym are both near the city, with Lake Isetskoye located near [[Sredneuralsk]], and Lake Baltym located near the towns of Sanatornyy and Baltym.

===Time===
Yekaterinburg uses Yekaterinburg Time, which is five hours ahead of UTC (UTC+5), and two hours ahead of [[Moscow Time]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=22 July 2014|title=Russia moves to year-round winter time|language=en|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-28423647|access-date=20 May 2018}}</ref>

===Climate===
The city possesses a [[humid continental climate]] (''Dfb'') under the [[Köppen climate classification]].<ref name="climat">{{Cite journal|last1=Грязнов Олег Николаевич|last2=Гуляев Александр Николаевич|last3=Рубан Наталья Валентиновна|date=2015|title=Факторы инженерно-геологических условий города Екатеринбурга|url=http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/faktory-inzhenerno-geologicheskih-usloviy-goroda-ekaterinburga|journal=Izvestiia Uralʹskogo Gorno-Geologicheskoĭ Akademii|type=журнал|edition=Известия Уральского государственного горного университета|location=Екатеринбург|publisher=Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский государственный горный университет"|pages=5–21|issn=2307-2091|number=3}}</ref> It is characterised by sharp variability in weather conditions, with well-marked seasons. The Ural Mountains, despite their insignificant height, block air from the west, from the European part of Russia. As a result, the Central Urals are open to the invasion of cold arctic air and continental air from the West Siberian Plain. Equally, warm air masses from the Caspian Sea and the deserts of Central Asia can freely penetrate from the south. Therefore, the weather in Yekaterinburg is characterised by sharp temperature fluctuations and weather anomalies: in winter, from frost at −40&nbsp;°C to thaw and rain; in summer, from frosts to temperatures above {{cvt|35|°C}}.<ref name="climat" />

<gallery mode="packed">
Время_года_(весна).jpg|'''Spring in Yekaterinburg'''
Время_года_(лето).jpg|'''Summer in Yekaterinburg'''
Время_года_(осень).jpg|'''Autumn in Yekaterinburg'''
Время_года_(зима).jpg|'''Winter in Yekaterinburg'''
</gallery>

The distribution of precipitation is determined by the circulation of air masses, relief, and air temperatures. The main part of the precipitation is brought by cyclones with a western air mass transfer, that is, from the European part of Russia, while their average annual amount is 601&nbsp;mm. The maximum falls on a warm season, during which about 60–70% of the annual amount falls. For the winter period is characterized by snow cover with an average capacity of 40–50&nbsp;cm. The coefficient of moistening(the ratio of yearly precipitation and [[potential evaporation]]) – 1.<ref name="climat" />
* The average temperature in January is {{cvt|-12.6|°C}}. The record minimum temperature is {{cvt|-44.6|°C}} (6 January 1915);
* The average July temperature is {{cvt|18.9|°C}}. The record maximum temperature is {{cvt|40.0|°C}} (11 July 2023);
* The average annual temperature is {{cvt|2.1|°C}};
* The average annual wind speed is {{cvt|2.9|m/s|km/h mph}};
* The average annual humidity is 75%;
* The average annual precipitation is {{cvt|534|mm}};

{{Weather box
|location=Yekaterinburg (1991–2020, extremes 1831–present)
|metric first=yes
|single line=yes
|Jan record high C = 5.6
|Feb record high C = 9.4
|Mar record high C = 18.1
|Apr record high C = 28.8
|May record high C = 34.7
|Jun record high C = 36.4
|Jul record high C = 40.0
|Aug record high C = 37.2
|Sep record high C = 31.9
|Oct record high C = 24.7
|Nov record high C = 13.5
|Dec record high C = 5.9
|year record high C = 40.0
|Jan high C = -9.3
|Feb high C = -6.6
|Mar high C = 0.9
|Apr high C = 10.1
|May high C = 18.3
|Jun high C = 22.6
|Jul high C = 24.3
|Aug high C = 21.4
|Sep high C = 15.0
|Oct high C = 6.9
|Nov high C = -2.6
|Dec high C = -7.8
|year high C = 7.8
|Jan mean C = -12.6
|Feb mean C = -10.8
|Mar mean C = -3.6
|Apr mean C = 4.7
|May mean C = 12.2
|Jun mean C = 16.9
|Jul mean C = 18.9
|Aug mean C = 16.2
|Sep mean C = 10.4
|Oct mean C = 3.6
|Nov mean C = -5.4
|Dec mean C = -10.7
|year mean C = 3.3
|Jan low C = -15.5
|Feb low C = -14.1
|Mar low C = -7.3
|Apr low C = 0.3
|May low C = 6.9
|Jun low C = 12.0
|Jul low C = 14.4
|Aug low C = 12.2
|Sep low C = 6.8
|Oct low C = 1.0
|Nov low C = -7.8
|Dec low C = -13.3
|year low C = -0.4
|Jan record low C = -44.6
|Feb record low C = -42.4
|Mar record low C = -39.2
|Apr record low C = -21.8
|May record low C = -13.5
|Jun record low C = -5.3
|Jul record low C = 1.5
|Aug record low C = -2.2
|Sep record low C = -9.0
|Oct record low C = -22.0
|Nov record low C = -39.2
|Dec record low C = -44.0
|year record low C = -44.6
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 25
|Feb precipitation mm = 19
|Mar precipitation mm = 25
|Apr precipitation mm = 31
|May precipitation mm = 47
|Jun precipitation mm = 73
|Jul precipitation mm = 93
|Aug precipitation mm = 75
|Sep precipitation mm = 45
|Oct precipitation mm = 41
|Nov precipitation mm = 33
|Dec precipitation mm = 28
|year precipitation mm = 534
|Jan snow depth cm = 33
|Feb snow depth cm = 42
|Mar snow depth cm = 38
|Apr snow depth cm = 5
|May snow depth cm = 0
|Jun snow depth cm = 0
|Jul snow depth cm = 0
|Aug snow depth cm = 0
|Sep snow depth cm = 0
|Oct snow depth cm = 1
|Nov snow depth cm = 8
|Dec snow depth cm = 21
| Jan rain days = 1
| Feb rain days = 1
| Mar rain days = 5
| Apr rain days = 13
| May rain days = 20
| Jun rain days = 20
| Jul rain days = 19
| Aug rain days = 22
| Sep rain days = 22
| Oct rain days = 17
| Nov rain days = 6
| Dec rain days = 1
| Jan snow days = 26
| Feb snow days = 23
| Mar snow days = 18
| Apr snow days = 10
| May snow days = 4
| Jun snow days = 0.4
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = 2
| Oct snow days = 13
| Nov snow days = 23
| Dec snow days = 25
| year snow days = 144
|Jan humidity = 79
|Feb humidity = 75
|Mar humidity = 68
|Apr humidity = 60
|May humidity = 58
|Jun humidity = 63
|Jul humidity = 68
|Aug humidity = 73
|Sep humidity = 75
|Oct humidity = 75
|Nov humidity = 78
|Dec humidity = 79
|year humidity = 71
|Jan sun = 47
|Feb sun = 94
|Mar sun = 164
|Apr sun = 206
|May sun = 256
|Jun sun = 272
|Jul sun = 269
|Aug sun = 217
|Sep sun = 143
|Oct sun = 78
|Nov sun = 51
|Dec sun = 37
|year sun = 1834
|source 1 = Pogoda.ru<ref name = pogoda>{{cite web|url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/28440.htm|script-title=ru:Погода и Климат – Климат Екатеринбург|trans-title=Weather and Climate – The Climate of Yekaterinburg|publisher=Weather and Climate (Погода и климат)|language=ru|access-date=8 November 2021}}</ref>
|source 2 = NOAA (sun 1961–1990)<ref name=NOAAsun>{{cite web|url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/TABLES/REG_II/RA/28440.TXT|title=WMO Climate Normals for Sverdlovsk 1961–1990|publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]|access-date=29 October 2021|archive-date=23 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723184602/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/TABLES/REG_II/RA/28440.TXT|url-status=dead}}</ref>

}}

==Demographics==
===Population===
{{Historical populations
|1897|37399
|1926|134831
|1939|425533
|1959|778602
|1970|1025045
|1979|1211172
|1989|1364621
|2002|1293537
|2010|1349772
|2021|1544376	
||type=Russia|footnote=}}According to the results of the [[Russian Census (2021)|2021 Census]], the population of Yekaterinburg was 1,544,376;<ref name="2021Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2021Census}}</ref> up from 1,349,772 recorded in the [[Russian Census (2010)|2010 Census]].<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2002Census}}</ref>

{{As of|2021|post=,}} the ethnic composition of Yekaterinburg was:<ref name="ВПН-2020">{{cite web|url=https://66.rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/7(18).pdf|title=Национальный состав населения|publisher=Территориальный орган Федеральной службы государственной статистики по Свердловской области и Курганской области|access-date=7 June 2023}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Ethnicity 
!Population !! Percentage
|-
| [[Russians]] 
|1,172,704|| 91.0%
|-
| [[Tatars]] 
|27,431|| 2.1%
|-
| [[Tajiks]] 
|13,102|| 1.0%
|-
| [[Kyrgyz people|Kyrgyz]] 
|8,769|| 0.7%
|-
| [[Bashkirs]] 
|6,121|| 0.5%
|-
| [[Ukrainians]] 
|4,987|| 0.4%
|-
| [[Uzbeks]] 
|4,755|| 0.4%
|-
| [[Armenians]] 
|4,307|| 0.3%
|-
| [[Azerbaijanis]] 
|4,014|| 0.3%
|-
| Others 
| 42,033|| 3.3%
|}

===Religion===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religion in Yekaterinburg (2024){{cn|date = December 2024}}
|value1 = 65
|color1 = Red
|label1 = [[Orthodoxy]]
|value2 = 12
|color2 = LightGreen
|label2 = [[Islam]]
|value3 = 17.5
|color3 = Whitesmoke
|label3 = [[Atheists]] / Non-Religious
|value4 = 3
|color4 = orange
|label4 = other christians
|value5 = 2.5
|color5 = grey
|label5 = difficult to say
}}
[[File:Vid na B Zlatoust.jpg|thumb|This photo by [[Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky]] from 1910 shows the tallest building in the Urals at the time, the [[Great Zlatoust Church|Great Zlatoust]] bell tower]]
[[Christianity]] is the predominant religion in the city, of which most are adherents to the Russian Orthodox Church. The Yekaterinburg and Verkhotursky diocese is located in the [[Trinity Cathedral (Yekaterinburg)|Holy Trinity Cathedral]] in the city. Other religions practised in Yekaterinburg include [[Islam]], [[Old Believers]], [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]], [[Protestantism]], and [[Judaism]].

Yekaterinburg has a significant Muslim community, but it suffers from a lack of worship space: there are only two small [[mosque]]s. Another mosque was built in the nearby city of [[Verkhnyaya Pyshma]]. On 24 November 2007, the first stone was laid in the construction of a large [[Jama Masjid|Cathedral Mosque]] with four [[minaret]]s, and space for 2,500 parishioners in the immediate vicinity of the cathedral and a [[synagogue]], thus forming the "area of the three religions".<ref>{{cite web|title=В Екатеринбурге заложили первый камень в основание соборной мечети – Уральская палата недвижимости|url=http://upn.ru/index.aspx?page=news&categoryId=0&year=2007&month=11&day=0&id=7857&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1|access-date=5 October 2017|website=upn.ru|archive-date=10 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010150812/http://upn.ru/index.aspx?page=news&categoryId=0&year=2007&month=11&day=0&id=7857&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1|url-status=dead}}</ref> The mosque was planned to be built for the SCO summit, but due to funding problems, construction did not move from zero and is now frozen.

Construction of a [[Methodism|Methodist]] church started in 1992, and with the help of American donations, finished in 2001.<ref>{{cite web|title=Четвертый канал|url=http://www.channel4.ru/content/200106/18/012.metodist.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101220101214/http://www.channel4.ru/content/200106/18/012.metodist.html|archive-date=20 December 2010|access-date=5 October 2017|website=channel4.ru}}</ref> A synagogue was opened in 2005, on the same place a 19th-century synagogue was demolished in 1962.

Most of the city's religious buildings were [[USSR anti-religious campaign (1921–1928)|destroyed]] during the Soviet era, in addition to the synagogue, the three largest Orthodox churches in Yekaterinburg were demolished – the Epiphany Cathedral, the Ekaterininsky Cathedral, and the [[Great Zlatoust Church]]. Other Christian churches such as the Lutheran Church of Yekaterinburg and the Roman Catholic Church of St. Anne (a new Catholic [[St. Anne's Church, Yekaterinburg|St. Anne's Church]] was built in 2000) were demolished as well. Other churches were used as warehouses and industrial sites. The only religious building in Yekaterinburg in the Soviet era was the Cathedral of St. John the Baptist. Recently, some churches are being rebuilt. Since 2006, according to the surviving drawings, the Great Zlatoust Church was restored in 2012. On 17 April 2010, the city was visited by [[Patriarch Kirill of Moscow|Patriarch Kirill]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Встреча Святейшего Патриарха Кирилла с общественностью Уральского федерального округа / Видеоматериалы / Патриархия.ru|url=http://www.patriarchia.ru/db/text/1141514.html|access-date=18 October 2017|website=Патриархия.ru|language=ru}}</ref>

== Government ==
Yekaterinburg is the [[administrative centre]] of [[Sverdlovsk Oblast]].<ref name="SverdlovskO_adm">Law #30-OZ</ref> Within the [[subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions|framework of the administrative divisions]], it is, together with twenty-nine [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|rural localities]], incorporated as the City of Yekaterinburg,<ref name="OKATO">{{OKATO reference|65 401}}</ref> an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the [[administrative divisions of Sverdlovsk Oblast|districts]].<ref name="SverdlovskO_adm" /> As a municipal division, the City of Yekaterinburg is incorporated as Yekaterinburg Urban Okrug.<ref name="SverdlovskO_mun">Law #85-OZ</ref>

=== Administrative districts ===
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:90%; text-align:centre; style:margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:90%; text-align:center"
! colspan="12" | {{ill|Administrative districts of Yekaterinburg|ru|Административно-территориальное деление Екатеринбурга}}<ref name=":14">{{cite web|title=Устав Свердловской области (с изменениями на 7 декабря 2017 года), Устав Свердловской области от 23 декабря 2010 года №105-ОЗ, Закон Свердловской области от 23 декабря 2010 года №105-ОЗ|url=http://docs.cntd.ru/document/895280236|access-date=2 May 2018|website=docs.cntd.ru}}</ref><ref name=":17" /><ref name=":18" />
|-
| Colspan="12" |<div style="position: relative" class="centre">[[File:Ekb all districts.svg|center|frameless|301x301px]]</div>
|-
! scope="col" |Label
![[OKATO]]
! scope="col" |Name
! scope="col" |Area
(2019)<ref name=":16" />
! scope="col" |Population 
(2019)<ref name=":16">[http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2019/bul_dr/mun_obr2019.rar The population of the Russian Federation for municipalities as of 1 January 2019] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016152229/https://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2019/bul_dr/mun_obr2019.rar |date=16 October 2019 }} (2 May 2019)</ref>
! scope="col" |Founded
!Head
!Website
! scope="col" |Dialing code(s)
!Subdivisions
|-
! 1
! [https://classinform.ru/okato/search.php?str=65401362 65 401 362]
! {{ill|Akademicheskiy District, Yekaterinburg|lt=Akademicheskiy|ru|Академический район (Екатеринбург)}}
|
| 81,000<ref>{{Cite web|date=27 March 2019|title=К 2023 году население Академического района вырастет до 120 тысяч человек|url=https://newdaynews.ru/ekb/658648.html|access-date=12 March 2022|website=Новый День|language=ru}}</ref>
| 2020
| Smirnyagin Nikolai Sergeevich
|
| +7 3432, +7 3433
| 3
|-
! 2
! [https://classinform.ru/okato/search.php?str=65401364 65 401 364]
! {{ill|Verkh-Isetsky District|lt=Verkh-Isetsky|ru|Верх-Исетский район}}
| {{Convert|240|km2|mi2}}
| 221,207
| 1919
| Morozov Andrey Mikhailovich
| [http://верх-исетский.екатеринбург.рф/ .cm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201154433/https://xn----ctbjbobhg4cmbl8a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/ |date=1 December 2021 }}
| +7 3432, +7 3433
| 5
|-
! 3
! [https://classinform.ru/okato/search.php?str=65401368 65 401 368]
! {{ill|Zheleznodorozhnyy district, Yekaterinburg|lt=Zheleznodorozhnyy|ru|Железнодорожный район (Екатеринбург)}}
| {{Convert|126.3|km2|mi2}}
| 221,207
| 1938
| Pershin Vitaly Pavlovich
| [http://железнодорожный.екатеринбург.рф/ .cm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220301064835/http://xn--d1abacdeqluciba1a2o.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/ |date=1 March 2022 }}
| +7 343
| 8
|-
! 4
! [https://classinform.ru/okato/search.php?str=65401373 65 401 373]
! {{ill|Kirovsky district, Yekaterinburg|lt=Kirovsky|ru|Кировский район (Екатеринбург)}}
| {{Convert|72|km2|mi2}}
| 228,864
| 1943
| Bolikov Vladimir Yurievich
| [http://кировский.екатеринбург.рф/ .cm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315062628/http://xn--b1albebc0apl.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/ |date=15 March 2022 }}
| +7 343
| 7
|-
! 5
! [https://classinform.ru/okato/search.php?str=65401377 65 401 377]
! {{ill|Leninsky district, Yekaterinburg|lt=Leninsky|ru|Ленинский район (Екатеринбург)}}
| {{Convert|25|km2|mi2}}
| 156,723
| 1934
| Beruashvili Elena Zauryevna
| [http://ленинский.екатеринбург.рф/ .cm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315222417/http://xn--e1agaeddpb0b.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/ |date=15 March 2022 }}
| +7 343
| 3
|-
! 6
! [https://classinform.ru/okato/search.php?str=65401380 65 401 380]
! {{ill|Oktyabrsky district, Yekaterinburg|lt=Oktyabrsky|ru|Октябрьский район (Екатеринбург)}}
| {{Convert|157|km2|mi2}}
| 148,981
| 1934
| Kostenko Igor Vitalievich
| [http://октябрьский.екатеринбург.рф/ .cm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110002435/https://xn--90aodbbvqig6h4a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/ |date=10 November 2021 }}
| +7 3432
| 11
|-
! 7
! [https://classinform.ru/okato/search.php?str=65401385 65 401 385]
! {{ill|Ordzhonikidzevsky district, Yekaterinburg|lt=Ordzhonikidzevsky|ru|Орджоникидзевский район (Екатеринбург)}}
| {{Convert|102|km2|mi2}}
| 286,482
| 1934
| Kravchenko Roman Gennadievich
| [http://орджоникидзевский.екатеринбург.рф/ .cm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220316005214/http://xn--b1adaedhfaekef5alc3a2a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/ |date=16 March 2022 }}
| +7 3433
| 6
|-
! 8
! [https://classinform.ru/okato/search.php?str=65401390 65 401 390]
! [[Chkalovsky City District, Yekaterinburg|Chkalovsky]]
| {{Convert|402|km2|mi2}}
| 275,571
| 1943
| Shipitsyn Evgeny Viktorovich
| [http://чкаловский.екатеринбург.рф/ .cm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190509193431/http://xn--80aesebcfy2a8c.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/ |date=9 May 2019 }}
| +7 3432
| 10
|}

Each district is not a municipal formation, and the historical centre of the city is divided into five inner-city districts (except Chkalovsky and Ordzhonikidzevsky).

A district named Akademicheskiy was formed from the parts of Leninsky and Verkh-Isetsky districts on 3 January 2020.<ref name=":17">{{Cite web|title=Закон Свердловской области Губернатора Свердловской области № 141-ОЗ|url=http://www.pravo.gov66.ru/24202/|access-date=12 March 2022|website=www.pravo.gov66.ru}}</ref> On 1 October 2021, more settlements were transferred from Verkh-Isetsky to Akademicheskiy district.<ref name=":18">{{Cite web|title=Закон Свердловской области от 18.02.2021 № 9-ОЗ ∙ Официальное опубликование правовых актов ∙ Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации|url=http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/6600202102250014?index=0&rangeSize=1|access-date=12 March 2022|website=publication.pravo.gov.ru|archive-date=12 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220312193358/http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/6600202102250014?index=0&rangeSize=1|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Administration ===

==== Urban ====
[[File:E-burg asv2019-05 img38 City Duma building.jpg|thumb|Building of the Administration of Yekaterinburg located on [[1905 Square (Yekaterinburg)|1905 Square]]]]
The Charter of Yekaterinburg establishes a four-link system for the organisation of local authorities, which includes: the Head of Yekaterinburg, who serves as the chairman of the Yekaterinburg City Duma, the Yekaterinburg City Duma, the Administration of the City of Yekaterinburg, and the Chamber of Accounts.<ref name=":4">{{cite web|date=25 July 2017|title=Chapter IV. Bodies and officials of local self-government of the municipality "city of Yekaterinburg"|url=https://xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE/%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B/%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2/%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B04|access-date=19 May 2018|website=екатеринбург.рф|archive-date=26 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160626160736/http://xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE/%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B/%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2/%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B04|url-status=dead}}</ref>

According to the charter of Yekaterinburg, the highest official of the municipal formation is the mayor of Yekaterinburg. The mayor is elected by universal suffrage, but since 3 April 2018, the procedure for direct elections of the mayor of the City of Yekaterinburg was abolished. The mayor of the city is endowed with representative powers and powers to organize activities and guide the activities of the City Duma. In addition, the mayor of the city exercises other powers such as concluding a contract with the head of the city administration and ensuring compliance with the Russian Constitution, Russian legislation, the city charter, and other normative acts.<ref>{{cite web|title=Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации|url=http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/6600201804110002|website=publication.pravo.gov.ru}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{cite web|title=Вы точно человек?|url=https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/proshloe-i-nastoyaschee-ustava-ekaterinburga-k-10-y-godovschine-prinyatiya|access-date=20 May 2018|website=КиберЛенинка}}</ref>

In the event of a temporary absence of the mayor of Yekaterinburg, his authority under his written order is exercised by the deputy mayor of Yekaterinburg.<ref name=":6">{{cite web|title=О внесении изменений в Устав муниципального образования "город Екатеринбург", Решение Екатеринбургской городской Думы Свердловской области от 12 октября 2010 года №62/29|url=http://docs.cntd.ru/document/895271237|website=docs.cntd.ru}}</ref>

The representative body of the municipal formation is the Yekaterinburg City Duma, which represents the city's entire population. The membership of the Duma is 36 deputies (18 deputies were elected in single-mandate constituencies and 18 in a single electoral district). Residents of the city elect deputies on the basis of universal suffrage for a period of 5 years.<ref name=":4" />

The executive and administrative body of the municipal formation is the Administration of the City of Yekaterinburg, led by the head of the Administration, currently held by Aleksandr Yacob. The administration is endowed with its own powers to resolve issues of local importance, but it is under the control and accountable to the Yekaterinburg City Duma. The building of the Administration of Yekaterinburg is located on [[1905 Square (Yekaterinburg)|1905 Square]].<ref name=":5" />

The Chamber of Accounts is a permanently operating body of external municipal financial control. The Chamber is formed by the apparatus of the City Duma and is accountable to it. The Chamber consists of the chairman, deputy chairman, auditors and staff. The structure and number of staff of the chamber, including the number of auditors, is determined by the decision of the City Duma. The term of office of the Chamber staff is 5 years. The Chamber of Accounts is a legal entity.<ref name=":6" />

==== Oblast ====
[[File:Zak Sobranie SverdlOblasti.jpg|left|thumb|The building of Sverdlovsk Oblast's Legislative Assembly]]
In accordance with the regional charter, Yekaterinburg is the administrative centre of the Sverdlovsk Oblast.<ref name="SverdlovskO_adm" /> The executive power is exercised by the governor of Sverdlovsk Oblast, the legislative power by the legislative assembly of Sverdlovsk Oblast, and the judicial power by the Sverdlovsk Regional Court, located in the building of the Palace of Justice.<ref>Article 42 of the Charter of Sverdlovsk Oblast</ref> The building serving the regional government is the White House and the building serving the legislative assembly is located next to it on October Square. The ministries of the Sverdlovsk Region are located in the building of the regional government, as well as in other separate buildings of the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=О ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИИ И РЕОРГАНИЗАЦИИ АДМИНИСТРАЦИИ СВЕРДЛОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ (с изменениями на: 06.02.1997), Постановление Правительства Свердловской области от 27 сентября 1995 года №13-П|url=http://docs.cntd.ru/document/801101682|website=docs.cntd.ru}}</ref>

==== Federal ====
[[File:Yekaterinburg Dobrolyubova street 05.JPG|thumb|Residence of the [[Presidential Administration of Russia|presidential envoy]] of the [[Ural Federal District]]]]
Yekaterinburg serves as the centre of the Ural Federal District. As a result, it serves as the residence of the [[Presidential Envoy|presidential envoy]], the highest official of the district and part of the administration of the President of Russia. The residence is located the building of the regional government on October Square near the Iset River embankment.
[[File:Volga ural military district headquarters.jpg|thumb|left|The Central Military District headquarters building]]
In addition, Yekaterinburg serves as the centre of the [[Central Military District]] and more than 30 territorial branches of the federal executive bodies, whose jurisdiction extends not only to Sverdlovsk Oblast, but also to other regions in the Ural Mountains, Siberia, and the Volga Region.

=== Politics ===
According to the results of the September 2013 elections, the mayor of the city was [[Yevgeny Roizman]], nominated by the [[Civic Platform (Russia)|Civil Platform]] party. Out of the 36 seats in the City Duma, 21 belong to [[United Russia]], 7 to [[A Just Russia]], 3 to the Civil Platform, 2 to the [[Communist Party of the Russian Federation|Communist Party]] and 1 seat to the [[Liberal Democratic Party of Russia|LDPR]]. The turnout in the mayoral elections was 33.57%.<ref>{{cite web|title=Сведения о проводящихся выборах и референдумах|url=http://www.sverdlovsk.vybory.izbirkom.ru/region/region/sverdlovsk?action=show&root=1&tvd=466422083980&vrn=466422083976&region=66&global=&sub_region=0&prver=0&pronetvd=null&vibid=466422083980&type=222|website=sverdlovsk.vybory.izbirkom.ru|access-date=21 May 2018|archive-date=22 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922065959/http://www.sverdlovsk.vybory.izbirkom.ru/region/region/sverdlovsk?action=show&root=1&tvd=466422083980&vrn=466422083976&region=66&global=&sub_region=0&prver=0&pronetvd=null&vibid=466422083980&type=222|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{Election box begin|title=Russian federal legislative election, 2016<ref name="CEC">{{cite web|title=Voting results for the Federal Electoral District – Election of Deputies of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the Seventh Convocation – September 18, 2016|url=http://www.vybory.izbirkom.ru/region/izbirkom?action=show&global=true&root=1000222&tvd=100100067796076&vrn=100100067795849&prver=0&pronetvd=0&region=0&sub_region=0&type=242&vibid=100100067796076|access-date=21 May 2018|publisher=CEC|archive-date=28 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228032402/http://www.vybory.izbirkom.ru/region/izbirkom?action=show&global=true&root=1000222&tvd=100100067796076&vrn=100100067795849&prver=0&pronetvd=0&region=0&sub_region=0&type=242&vibid=100100067796076|url-status=dead}}</ref> 
{{Election box candidate with party link|
 |party = United Russia
 |candidate = [[Dmitry Medvedev]]
 |votes = 78,289
 |percentage = 38.4%
 |change = 
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
 |party = A Just Russia — For Truth
 |candidate = [[Sergey Mironov]]
 |votes = 31,288
 |percentage = 15.4%
 |change =  
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
 |party = Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
 |candidate = [[Leonid Slutsky (politician)]]
 |votes = 25,869
 |percentage = 12.7%
 |change =  
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
 |party = Communist Party of the Russian Federation
 |candidate = [[Gennady Zyuganov]]
 |votes = 22,293
 |percentage = 10.9%
 |change =  
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
 |party = Yabloko
 |candidate = [[Nikolay Rybakov]]
 |votes = 11,340
 |percentage = 5.6%
 |change =  
}}}}
{{Election box end}}
It was the last popular vote in Yekaterinburg. Since 2018, there have been no elections, but a vote in the Municipal Duma. On 25 September 2018 the majority of the representatives in the Duma voted in favour of the Vice-Governor of Sverdlovsk oblast, Alexander Vysokinskiy.

==Economy==
===Overview===
Yekaterinburg is one of the largest economic centres in Russia. It is included in the City-600 list (it unites the 600 largest cities in the world that produce 60% of global GDP), compiled by the McKinsey Global Institute, a research organisation. In 2010, the consulting company estimated the gross product of Yekaterinburg to be about $19&nbsp;billion (according to the calculations of the company, it should grow to $40&nbsp;billion by 2025).<ref>{{cite web|date=28 August 2014|title=Российские города отстают в развитии|url=https://iq.hse.ru/news/177666886.html|access-date=7 July 2016|publisher=[[НИУ ВШЭ]]|archive-date=5 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205122949/https://iq.hse.ru/news/177666886.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=March 2011|title=Urban world: Mapping the economic power of cities|url=http://www.mckinsey.com/global-themes/urbanisation/urban-world-mapping-the-economic-power-of-cities|access-date=7 July 2016|publisher=[[McKinsey & Company|McKinsey Global Institute]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402010617/http://www.mckinsey.com/global-themes/urbanisation/urban-world-mapping-the-economic-power-of-cities|archive-date=2 April 2024}}</ref>

By volume of the economy, Yekaterinburg ranks third in the country, after Moscow and St. Petersburg. According to a research of the Institute for Urban Economics, in the ranking of the largest cities and [[Federal subjects of Russia|regional]] capital cities according to economic standards for 2015, Yekaterinburg ranked third. The city's gross urban product (GVP) was 898&nbsp;billion rubles. Per capita GDP was 621.0 thousand rubles (18th place).<ref>{{cite web|title=Рейтинг столичных городов России от Фонда "Институт экономики города" {{!}} Институт экономики города|url=http://www.urbaneconomics.ru/centr-obshchestvennyh-svyazey/news/reyting-stolichnyh-gorodov-rossii-ot-fonda-institut-ekonomiki#_ftn1|access-date=20 May 2018|website=urbaneconomics.ru}}</ref> In 2015, the gross urban product of the Yekaterinburg metropolitan area amounted to 50.7&nbsp;billion international dollars (the fourth place in the country) or 25.4 thousand international dollars in terms of per inhabitant of the metropolitan area.<ref>[http://www.urbaneconomics.ru/sites/default/files/ekonomika_rossiyskih_gorodov_i_gorodskih_aglomeraciy_vypusk_1_iyul_2017.pdf Economics of Russian cities and urban agglomeration], Institute for Urban Economics</ref>

In the Soviet era, Yekaterinburg (as Sverdlovsk) was a purely industrial city, with a share of industry in the economy of 90% (of which 90% were in defense production). With Chelyabinsk and Perm, the three cities formed what to be the Urals industrial hub.<ref name="economika2">{{cite web|last=Алексей Белоусов, Орнат Валентина.|date=13 October 2015|title=Екатеринбург – глобальный город|url=http://www.megapolis-online.com/articles/ekaterinburg-globalniy-gorod.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827174558/http://www.megapolis-online.com/articles/ekaterinburg-globalniy-gorod.html|archive-date=27 August 2016|access-date=7 July 2016|publisher=Мегаполис}}</ref>

The former head of Yekaterinburg, Arkady Chernetsky, has set the goal of diversifying the city's economy, which has resulted in the development of sectors such as warehousing, transportation, logistics, telecommunications, financial sector, wholesale and retail trade, etc. in Yekaterinburg.<ref name="economika2" /> Economist-geographer [[Natalia Zubarevich]] points out that at the present stage, Yekaterinburg has practically lost its industrial specialisation.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Зубаревич Н.В.|date=2013|title=Крупные города России: лидеры и аутсайдеры|url=http://demoscope.ru/weekly/2013/0551/demoscope551.pdf|journal=Demoskop Weekly|type=журнал|edition=Демоскоп Weekly|location=М.|publisher=НИУ ВШЭ|pages=1–17|issn=1726-2887|number=551–552}}</ref>

===Living costs and the labor market===
[[File:Yekaterinburg skyline2.jpg|thumb | ''Aquamarine'' apartment complex with the topped out 188-meter [[Vysotsky (skyscraper)|Vysotsky]] skyscraper in the background]]The standard of living in Yekaterinburg exceeds the average standard across Russia. According to the Department of Sociology of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, it is among the top ten cities with the highest standard of living. Compared to other Russian cities with a population of around or over one million, in 2015, Yekaterinburg held a leading position in terms of average monthly wages and retail turnover, in terms of the total volume of investments in fourth place of fixed assets, and second place in housing placement.<ref>{{cite web|date=17 December 2014|title=Екатеринбург вошел в топ-10 городов с самым высоким уровнем жизни|url=http://www.justmedia.ru/news/society/ekaterinburg-voshel-v-top-10-gorodov-s-samym-vysokim-urovnem-zhizni|access-date=14 May 2018|website=JustMedia}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2016|title=Results of social and economic development of the municipal formation "city of Yekaterinburg" in 2015|url=https://xn--l1a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/f178ca4ef81311e801b1264541cfcad5|page=202|via=Ekaterinburg: Department of Economics of the Administration of the City of Yekaterinburg}}</ref>
[[File:Iset Tower.jpg|left|thumb|[[Iset Tower]] is a 52-story residential skyscraper and is the tallest building in Yekaterinburg. It is located within the vicinity of [[Yekaterinburg-City]]]]
The average monthly wage in Yekaterinburg following the results of 2019 was 54,976 rubles. This is the first place among the millionth municipalities of the Russian Federation.<ref>{{cite web|title=Итоги социально-экономического развития Екатеринбурга|url=https://xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B/%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5/%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8|access-date=19 October 2022|archive-date=2 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202125522/https://xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B/%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5/%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8|url-status=dead}}</ref> There are on average 440,300 people employed by large and middle-sized organisations and companies. The unemployment rate at the end of 2015 was 0.83% of the total economically active population. Locals labelled the main problems of the city such the current state of the healthcare system, housing system, and transportation system.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite web|last=Дарья Воронина.|date=19 June 2013|title=Главными проблемами Екатеринбурга назвали медицину, ЖКХ и дороги|url=https://rg.ru/2013/06/19/reg-urfo/uroven.html|access-date=7 July 2016|publisher=[[Российская газета]]}}</ref>

The budget of Yekaterinburg in 2015 was executed on income in the amount of 32,063.6&nbsp;million rubles, for expenses in the amount of 32,745.8&nbsp;million rubles. Among the budget expenditures: 17 billion rubles were spent on education, over 1 billion rubles on culture, and about 900 million rubles on health. The main part of the revenue of the city treasury was its own tax and non-tax revenues (more than 18 billion rubles). The revenues from the regional and federal budgets were at the lowest level in 10 years. Specialists noted a decrease in tax revenues and an increase in tax debt (exceeded 2 billion rubles).<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Юлия Позднякова.|date=22 April 2016|title=Расходы бюджета Екатеринбурга за 2015 год составили почти 33 млрд рублей|work=[[Коммерсантъ]]|url=http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2969492|access-date=7 July 2016}}</ref>

The main budget expenditures are the development of the economy (which accounts for 19% of expenditures) and the social security of the townspeople (11% of expenditures go). Cities such as Perm, Kazan and Ufa, spend for these purposes in a smaller percentage of costs (from 2 to 6%). Also, a fairly strict budgetary discipline is noted—the budget deficit is kept at the level of 2% of its volume.<ref>{{cite web|last=Полина Путякова.|date=30 August 2016|title=Меряемся бюджетами: Откуда города берут деньги и на что тратят|url=http://zvzda.ru/articles/b3d00a4b81a1|access-date=7 July 2016|publisher=zvzda.ru|archive-date=2 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902111230/http://zvzda.ru/articles/b3d00a4b81a1|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Finance and business ===
[[File:E-burg asv2019-05 img11 City Pond skyline.jpg|thumb|[[Yekaterinburg-City]] along the [[Iset River]]]]Yekaterinburg is one of the largest financial and business centres in Russia, with offices of multinational corporations, representative offices of foreign companies, and a large number of federal and regional financial and credit organisations. The financial market of Yekaterinburg is characterised by stability and independence, based both on the broad presence of large foreign and Moscow credit organisations and on the availability of large and stable local financial holdings.<ref name=":7">''Kachanova E.A.'' [http://www.ranepa.ru/obyavlenia/Fevral2014/kachanova-dis.pdf Strategic Priorities for the formation of finance for municipalities in the context of reforming the budgetary system] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215153750/http://www.ranepa.ru/obyavlenia/Fevral2014/kachanova-dis.pdf |date=15 December 2017 }}, – Moscow: ''Russian Academy of National Economy and State Service under the President of the Russian Federation, 2013. – 354 p.''</ref>

The financial sector of Yekaterinburg has more than 100 banks, including 11 foreign banks. The list of the largest Russian banks for assets for 2016 included 10 banks registered in Yekaterinburg, including but not all: Ural Bank for Reconstruction and Development, SKB-Bank, Uraltransbank, and UM Bank.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Vyacheslav|first=Kostyuk|date=12 December 2014|title=His alien|work=The Ural Worker|url=http://xn-----6kcabbhjttpdjeip1d1agppy8h0e.xn--p1ai/economy/13418/|url-status=dead|access-date=20 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180410013614/http://xn-----6kcabbhjttpdjeip1d1agppy8h0e.xn--p1ai/economy/13418/|archive-date=10 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=25 July 2016|title=Крупнейшие банки России по капиталу|page=60|work=Журнал "Коммерсантъ Деньги"|url=http://kommersant.ru/doc/3046451|access-date=20 May 2018}}</ref>

IT "SKB Kontur" from Yekaterinburg – the largest software manufacturer in Russia – first place according to the RAEX rating<ref>{{cite web|title=Крупнейшие производители ПО|url=https://raex-rr.com/business/it/rating_of_companies_by_soft_development_revenue}}</ref>

Also in Yekaterinburg is the Ural headquarters of the Central Bank of Russia. Since 7 August 2017, by order of the Bank of Russia, the branches of the Siberian, Far Eastern and part of the Prevolzhsky Federal Districts have been transferred to the control of the Ural Megaregal Directorate. Thus, this is one of the three main departments of the Mega-regulator in the territory of Russia.<ref>{{cite web|title=О распределении обязанностей по контролю и надзору за соблюдением законодательства Российской Федерации организациями, осуществляющими профессиональную деятельность на рынке ценных бумаг, деятельность центрального депозитария, деятельность по проведению организованных торгов, клиринговую деятельность и деятельность центрального контрагента, репозитарную деятельность, а также деятельность саморегулируемых организаций в сфере финансового рынка, объединяющих профессиональных участников рынка ценных бумаг, и об отмене отдельных распорядительных актов Банка России, Приказ Банка России от 07 августа 2017 года №ОД-2228|url=http://docs.cntd.ru/document/456084717#|website=docs.cntd.ru}}</ref>

A major role in the formation of Yekaterinburg as a business centre has its infrastructural potential, which is growing at a high rate: transport accessibility for Russian and foreign economic entities, the availability of hotels, advanced communication services, business related services (consulting, exhibition activities, etc.).<ref name=":7" /> Yekaterinburg has its own central business district, Yekaterinburg City.<ref>{{cite web|title=Падающие пиксели и огромный шар: как может выглядеть "Екатеринбург-Сити"|url=http://realty.rbc.ru/news/57d7f3a99a7947155badcd34|access-date=20 May 2018|website=РБК Недвижимость|date=13 September 2016}}</ref>

===Industry===
[[File:MainBildingUralmash.jpg|thumb|1st [[Pyatiletka]] Square, where [[Uralmash]] is headquartered]]
Yekaterinburg has been a major industrial centre since its foundation. In the 18th century, the main branches were smelting and processing of metal. Since the beginning of the 19th century, machine building appeared, and in the second half of the 19th century, light and food (especially milling) industry was widely spread. A new stage in the development of production occurred during the period of industrialisation – at this time in the city, factories were built, which determined the industry specialisation of heavy engineering. During World War II, Yekaterinburg (as Sverdlovsk) hosted about sixty enterprises evacuated from Central Russia and Ukraine. As a result, there was a sharp increase in the production capacity of existing plants and the emergence of new branches of the Urals industry.

At present, more than 220 large and medium-sized enterprises are registered in Yekaterinburg, 197 of them in manufacturing industries.<ref name=":7" /> In 2015, they shipped 323,288 million rubles worth of own-produced goods. Production by industry was divided accordingly: metallurgical production and metalworking 20.9%, food production 13.3%, production of electrical equipment, electronic and optical equipment 9.2%, production of vehicles 8.4%, production of machinery and equipment 6.4%, chemical production 5.5%, production of other nonmetallic mineral products 3.7%, production of rubber and plastic products 2.8%, pulp and paper production, publishing and printing 0.5%, and other 29.3%.<ref>[https://м.екатеринбург.рф/file/f178ca4ef81311e801b1264541cfcad5 Development results, 2016], pg 76</ref>

Several headquarters of large Russian industrial companies are located in the city: IDGC of Urals, Enel Russia, Steel-Industrial Company, Russian Copper Company, Kalina, NLMK-Sort, VIZ-Stal, Sinara Group, Uralelectrotyazhmash, Automation Association named after academician NA Semikhatov, [[Uralmash|Ural Heavy Machinery Plant]] (Uralmash), Fat Plant, Fores, confectionery association Sladko, Machine Building Plant named after M.I. Kalinin, Ural Turbine Plant, Uralkhimmash and others.<ref>{{cite web|date=11 October 2011|title=ТОП-100 крупнейших предприятий Свердловской области Екатеринбург.|url=http://www.advis.ru/cgi-bin/new.pl?3F647903-080E-F644-A245-870082C6D478|access-date=14 June 2016|publisher=Деловой квартал}}</ref>

=== Retail and services ===
[[File:Улица Вайнера 2013-07-27.JPG|thumb|Vaynera Street, a pedestrian street with lots of retail shops]]
Yekaterinburg ranks first in retail trade of the Russian Federation per capita, ahead of Moscow.<ref>{{cite web|title=ИТОГИ социально-экономического развития муниципального образования «город Екатеринбург» в 2019 году|url=https://xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/21183f536e17de06f742695f1c6ec4f5|access-date=19 October 2022|archive-date=29 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129104216/https://xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/21183f536e17de06f742695f1c6ec4f5|url-status=dead}}</ref> The consumer market contributes significantly to Yekaterinburg's economy. Revenue of retail stores in 2015 amounted to 725.9&nbsp;billion rubles, and the number of retailers totaled 4,290.<ref>[https://xn--l1a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/f178ca4ef81311e801b1264541cfcad5 Development results, 2016], p. 127–128</ref> {{As of|2016|1|1|post=,}} 36 shopping centers operate in the city, taking up a total area of which was {{cvt|1,502,700|m2}}. The availability of shopping centres per 1,000 inhabitants increased to {{cvt|597.2|m2}}.<ref name=":8">[https://xn--l1a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/f178ca4ef81311e801b1264541cfcad5 Development results, 2016], p. 129</ref>

Retail areas amounted to {{cvt|2,019,000|m2}}, with the availability of retail space reached {{cvt|1,366.3|m2}} per 1,000 inhabitants. According to these statistics, Yekaterinburg holds leading positions among other major cities of Russia. In the consumer market of Yekaterinburg, 1041 network operators are represented. The number of wholesale enterprises totalled 1,435. Among the Federal construction stores represented in the city, you can select: Leroy Merlin,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://leroymerlin.ru/|title=Леруа Мерлен|access-date=27 April 2020|archive-date=18 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018171508/https://leroymerlin.ru/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Castorama,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.castorama.ru/|title=Castorama – строительный гипермаркет: купить товары для дома, дачи и ремонта|website=Castorama.ru|access-date=20 February 2022}}</ref> Domostroy,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.domostroy-shop.ru/|title=Домострой|access-date=27 April 2020|archive-date=30 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730093335/https://www.domostroy-shop.ru/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Maxidom,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.maxidom.ru/|title=Максидом - интернет-магазин товаров для дома|website=www.maxidom.ru|access-date=20 February 2022}}</ref> OBI,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.obi.ru/|title=ОБИ строительный гипермаркет: товары для дачи, сада, дома и ремонта: каталог ОБИ|website=Obi.ru|access-date=20 February 2022|archive-date=27 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200427031715/https://www.obi.ru/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sdvor.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sdvor.com/|title=Строительный Двор – интернет-магазин стройматериалов, купить с доставкой строительные материалы в магазинах сети|website=Sdvor.com|access-date=20 February 2022|archive-date=13 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513070142/https://www.sdvor.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Yekaterinburg has an agricultural market named Shartashsky.<ref name=":8" /><ref>[https://xn--l1a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/f178ca4ef81311e801b1264541cfcad5 Development results, 2016], pg 130</ref>

The revenue of catering in 2015 totalled 38.6&nbsp;billion rubles. The network of catering enterprises in Yekaterinburg is presented as follows: 153 restaurants, 210 bars, 445 cafes, 100 coffee houses, 582 dining rooms, 189 eateries, 173 fast-food establishments, 10 tea shops, 319 other types of institutions (buffets, cafeterias, catering companies). 82.6% of catering enterprises provide additional services to consumers.<ref>[https://xn--l1a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/f178ca4ef81311e801b1264541cfcad5 Development results, 2016], pg 131–132</ref>

The revenue of the services industry in 2015 totalled 74.9&nbsp;billion rubles. The fastest pace in the city is developing hairdressing services, sewing and knitting atelier services, pawnshop services, fitness centre services. The network of public service enterprises in Yekaterinburg includes 5,185 facilities. In 2015, the provision of service areas for service enterprises totaled {{cvt|382.1|m2}} per 1,000 citizens. The highest concentration of household services is observed in the Verkh-Isetsky, Oktyabrsky and Leninsky districts.<ref>[https://xn--l1a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/f178ca4ef81311e801b1264541cfcad5 Development results, 2016], pg 133–135</ref>

Greenwich Shopping Center, {{as of|2021|lc=y|post=,}} is the largest shopping center in Europe.<ref>{{cite web|title=Топ-20 самых больших торговых центров РФ|url=https://marketmedia.ru/media-content/top-10-samykh-bolshikh-torgovykh-tsentrov-rf/|access-date=11 December 2021|website=marketmedia.ru|language=ru}}</ref>

The largest store in the world by area is Sima-Land.<ref>{{cite web|title=Сима-Ленд|date=20 October 2016|url=https://www.dk.ru/news/denis-veshkurtsev-sima-lend-nash-gipermarket-budet-krupneyshim-v-mire-intervyu-237051770}}</ref>

=== Tourism ===
Yekaterinburg is a major centre for the Russian tourist industry. In 2015, the city was one of the top five most visited Russian cities (others being Moscow, St. Petersburg, [[Novosibirsk]], and [[Vladivostok]]) according to the Global Destinations Cities Index, which represents the payment system [[Mastercard]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Вячеславовна|first=Логунцова Ирина|date=2015|title=Специфика и перспективы Российской индустрии туризма на современном этапе|url=https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/spetsifika-i-perspektivy-rossiyskoy-industrii-turizma-na-sovremennom-etape|journal=Государственное управление. Электронный вестник|issue=52|pages=259–278}}</ref> In recent years, a lot of work has been done to create a positive image of Yekaterinburg as a centre for international tourism, including holding of summits for the [[Shanghai Cooperation Organisation]] (SCO) in 2008 and 2009 and the international exhibition [[Innoprom]] in 2009 and 2010.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Геннадьевич|first1=Шеломенцев Андрей|last2=Сергеевна|first2=Головина Анна|date=2011|title=Индустрия туризма региона в контексте принципов саморегулирования региональных социально-экономических систем|url=https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/industriya-turizma-regiona-v-kontekste-printsipov-samoregulirovaniya-regionalnyh-sotsialno-ekonomicheskih-sistem|journal=Экономика региона|issue=1|pages=166–170|issn=2072-6414}}</ref> In 2014, Yekaterinburg ranked third among Russian cities in popularity among foreign tourists after Moscow and St. Petersburg.<ref>{{Cite news|script-title=ru:Екатеринбург поднялся на третье место в топе российских городов по популярности среди иностранных туристов|language=ru|work=URBC.RU – новости экономики|url=http://urbc.ru/1068032620-ekaterinburg-podnyalsya-na-trete-mesto-v-tope-rossiyskih-gorodov-po-populyarnosti-sredi-inostrannyh-turistov.html|access-date=20 May 2018}}</ref>

In 2015, the total flow of inbound tourism grew by 10% compared to the previous year and amounted to 2.1&nbsp;million people.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Число посетивших Екатеринбург туристов выросло в 2015 году на 10%|url=http://tourism.interfax.ru/ru/news/articles/30976/|access-date=20 May 2018}}</ref> In recent years, there has been a tendency to reduce the role of business tourism in the overall flow: if in 2013 about 80% of trips were business, in 2015 their number was already 67%. Most tourists go to "bow to the memory of the last [czar] and his family." In addition, new tourist ideas are developing such as the Bazhov theme, the geological and mineralogical theme, industrial tourism, and the event calendar.<ref>{{cite web|title=Туристический мастер-класс|url=http://expert.ru/2016/07/1/sverdlovskaya-oblast-turizm/|access-date=20 May 2018|website=expert.ru|archive-date=13 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160913165246/http://expert.ru/2016/07/1/sverdlovskaya-oblast-turizm/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Transportation==
Yekaterinburg is the third largest transport hub of Russia, behind Moscow and St. Petersburg. The city has 6 federal highways, 7 main railway lines, and an international airport. The location of Yekaterinburg in the central part of the region allows for 7 to 10 hours to get from it to any large city of the Urals.<ref name="infra">{{Cite book|last=Маренков Г.В.|title=Инфраструктура России|publisher=Центр стратегического партнёрства|year=2012|edition=Том 1|location=М.|pages=254–260|chapter=Транспортная инфраструктура Свердловской области – связующее звено между Европой и Азией|chapter-url=http://federalbook.ru/files/Infrastruktura/Soderjaniye/III/Marenkov.pdf|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=12 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712170653/http://federalbook.ru/files/Infrastruktura/Soderjaniye/III/Marenkov.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> The formation of Yekaterinburg as an important transportation hub is largely due to the city's favourable geographical location on a low stretch of the Ural Mountains, through which it was convenient to lay the main roads connecting the European and Eastern parts of Russia.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Мальцева Ю.|last2=Волкова М.В.|date=2015|title=Изучение возможности постройки современного экологического жилья в Свердловской области|url=http://elar.urfu.ru/bitstream/10995/37426/1/ecology_2015_138-141.pdf|type=сборник трудов IX заочной международной научно-практической конференции (Екатеринбург, 30–31 мая 2015 г.)|edition=Система управления экологической безопасностью|location=Екатеринбург|publisher=УрФУ|pages=138–141}}</ref>

===Roads===
[[File:Объездная.jpg|thumb|[[European route E22|E22]] bypass in the Chkalovsky District]]
Yekaterinburg is one of the ten Russian megacities with the largest car fleet (0.437 megacars were registered in the city in 2014), which has been intensively increasing in recent years (by 6–14% annually).<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ведомости|date=10 March 2015|title=Автопарк России увеличился в 2014 году на 1 млн легковых машин|url=http://www.vedomosti.ru/auto/news/2015/03/10/avtopark-rossii-uvelichilsya-v-2014-godu-na-1-mln-legkovih-mashin|access-date=8 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Вы точно человек?|url=https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/problemy-obschestvennogo-transporta-kak-obekta-avtotransportnoy-infrastruktury-krupnogo-goroda-na-primere-mo-gorod-ekaterinburg|access-date=8 October 2017|website=КиберЛенинка}}</ref> The level of car ownership in 2015 has reached 410 cars per 1,000 people.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://xn--l1a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/f178ca4ef81311e801b1264541cfcad5|title=ИТОГИ социально-экономического развития муниципального образования в 2015 году|date=2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816065410/https://xn--l1a.xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/f178ca4ef81311e801b1264541cfcad5|archive-date=16 August 2021|access-date=7 July 2022}}</ref> Its pace in the past few years has seriously exceeded the pace of development and the capacity of the road infrastructure. For the first time, transport problems started to appear in Yekaterinburg in the 1980s and though it did not seem threatening at first, the situation gets worse every year. Studies have shown that as early as 2005, the capacity limit for the road network was reached, which has now led to permanent congestion.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Цариков А.А.|last2=Обухова Н.А.|last3=Оглы Мирзоев Н.З.|date=2015|title=Эволюция системы заторов на улично-дорожной сети города Екатеринбурга|url=https://www.usurt.ru/uploads/main/01r/56ab448ae80d7/14.pdf|type=журнал|edition=Эксплуатация автомобильного транспорта|location=Екатеринбург|publisher=Общероссийская общественная организация "Российская академия транспорта"|pages=74–86|issn=2311-164X|number=4|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=12 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160712102502/http://www.usurt.ru/uploads/main/01r/56ab448ae80d7/14.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> To increase the capacity of the street-road network, stage-by-stage reconstruction of streets is being carried out, as well as multi-level interchanges being built. In order to reduce the transit traffic, the Sverdlovsk Oblast administration announced two road projects in 2014: the Yekaterinburg Ring Road (EKAD) and an overpass road on Sovetskaya Street. The Yekaterinburg Ring Road would surround the largest municipalities of Yekaterinburg. Its purpose would be to help the city's economy and reduce traffic on the Middle Ring Road of the city, making it easier for civilians to commute around the city than going through the city's traffic congestion. Eventually, the Ring Road would connect to other federal roads in order for easier access between other Russian cities. Construction of the road started in the same year. The projects were assigned to the Ministry of Transport and Communications since the projects were crucial to the city's economy. Officials hope the road projects will build environments more conducive to improving local quality of life and outside investments. Completing these major inter-regional roads will increase productive traffic by 50% to 100%, improving the local economy with its ease of access to industries.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Reports|first=Yekaterinburg News|title=Sverdlovsk focusing on two road projects|language=en|url=http://yekaterinburgnews.com/stories/510450200-sverdlovsk-focusing-on-two-road-projects|url-status=dead|access-date=14 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006112158/http://yekaterinburgnews.com/stories/510450200-sverdlovsk-focusing-on-two-road-projects|archive-date=6 October 2017}}</ref>

Since 2014, the project for the introduction of paid parking in the central part of Yekaterinburg is being implemented. The project is implemented in parallel with the increase in the number of intercepting parking lots and the construction of parking lots. At the end of 2015, in the central part of the city there were 2,307 paid parking places.<ref name=":0" />

The total length of the road network in Yekaterinburg is {{cvt|1311.5|km}}, of which {{cvt|929.8|km}} is cobbled carriageways, {{cvt|880|km}} is with upgraded coverage, {{cvt|632|km}} is backbone networks, of which {{cvt|155|km}} are on the citywide backbone network movement. 20 interchanges have been constructed at different levels within the city limits, including 11 on the EKAD and 9 on the middle ring. 74 transport facilities (27 bridges across the Iset River, Patrushikha, Mostovka, Istok Rivers, 13 dams on the Iset, Patrushikha, Istok, Olkhovka, Warm, Shilovka Rivers, 23 road [[overpass]]es, and 18 out-of-the-way pedestrian crossings) were built as well.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Крицкий В.П.|title=Дороги России-2009. Информационно-аналитический каталог|publisher=Информационно-издательский холдинг "Реал-Медиа"|year=2009|isbn=978-5-98266-061-9|edition=Издание второе, подготовлено к IХ Международной выставке-форуму "Дороги России XXI века" и Дню работников дорожного хозяйства {{nowrap|3000 экз}}|location=Екатеринбург|pages=204–205; 302|chapter=Дорожное хозяйство Екатеринбурга|chapter-url=http://federalbook.ru/files/Infrastruktura/Soderjaniye/III/Marenkov.pdf|access-date=8 October 2017|archive-date=12 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712170653/http://federalbook.ru/files/Infrastruktura/Soderjaniye/III/Marenkov.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Yekaterinburg is served by the following highways:<ref>{{cite web|title=Google Maps|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Yekaterinburg,+Sverdlovsk+Oblast,+Russia/@56.8138122,60.5145107,11z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x43c165eaa062db4b:0xd50243d7f7567f20!8m2!3d56.8388324!4d60.6057358?hl=en|access-date=1 May 2018|website=Google Maps}}</ref>

* [[File:M5-RUS.svg|51x51px]] [[M5 highway (Russia)|M5]]
* [[File:Tabliczka E22.svg|40x40px]] [[European route E22|E22]]
* R351
* R352
* R354
* R355

===Public transit===
[[File:E-burg asv2019-05 img54 Chkalovskaya metro station.jpg|thumb|[[Chkalovskaya (Yekaterinburg Metro)|Chkalovskaya station]] of the [[Yekaterinburg Metro]].]]Yekaterinburg uses almost all types of public transport. The largest transportation services—the Municipal Association of Bus Enterprises, the Tram-Trolleybus Office, and the [[Yekaterinburg Metro]] —transported 207.4&nbsp;million people in 2015.<ref name="transport2">{{cite web|date=18 March 2016|title=Скандальный бывший МУП Мирошника лидер сферы общественного транспорта Екатеринбурга? По данным мэрии, именно трамваи перевезли больше всего горожан за 2015 год|url=http://vedomosti-ural.ru/news/50220/|access-date=14 June 2016|publisher=Ведомости-Урал|archive-date=15 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915211800/http://vedomosti-ural.ru/news/50220/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The total volume of passenger transportation by all land transport modes decreases annually. If the annual passenger traffic of municipal transport was 647.1&nbsp;million people in 2002, and according to this index the city occupied the third place in the country with a wide margin, then in 2008 this figure would be 412 million people (the fourth place in Russia).<ref>{{cite web|title=БГД|url=http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b03_13/Main.htm|access-date=17 October 2017|website=gks.ru|archive-date=20 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520150150/http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b03_13/Main.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="bgd">{{cite web|title=Города Свердловской области|url=http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b08_14t/IssWWW.exe/Stg/ur/03-00.htm|access-date=8 October 2017|website=gks.ru|archive-date=10 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710055950/http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b08_14t/IssWWW.exe/Stg/ur/03-00.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[File:СПЕКТР 71-405.jpg|left|thumb|Yekaterinburg [[tram]]]]
Since 1991, the city operates the sixth metro in Russia and the thirteenth in the [[Commonwealth of Independent States|CIS]]. At the moment there is one line with 9 stations. In 2015 49.9&nbsp;million passengers were transported; according to this metric the Yekaterinburg Metro is the fourth in Russia, behind the Moscow Metro, Saint Petersburg Metro, and Novosibirsk Metro.<ref>{{cite web|title=Основные технико-эксплуатационные характеристики метрополитенов за 2015 год|url=http://www.asmetro.ru/upload/docs/2016/2015.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808035650/http://asmetro.ru/upload/docs/2016/2015.pdf|archive-date=8 August 2016|access-date=14 June 2016|publisher=asmetro.ru}}</ref> Although the metro is the second most popular type of public transport, in recent years significant problems have appeared in its work: loss-making, obsolete rolling stock, and a shortage of funds for modernisation.<ref>{{cite web|last=Дмитрий Ольшванг.|date=18 March 2016|title=Проблемы екатеринбургского метро: убытки, снижение пассажиропотока! Общественник Беззуб: "Если учитывать стоимость строительства станций, то цена билета на метро должна быть 144 рубля"...|url=http://vedomosti-ural.ru/notes/50243/|access-date=14 June 2016|publisher=Ведомости-Урал|archive-date=15 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915180640/http://vedomosti-ural.ru/notes/50243/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The tram network was established in 1929 and currently{{When|date=May 2018}} plays a leading role in the urban transport system. The volume of passengers carried for 2013 is 127.8&nbsp;million,<ref name="Ст2013">{{cite web|title=Шины для трамваев, бензин для поездов. Документы: на что транспортные МУПы Екатеринбурга тратят деньги|url=http://uralpolit.ru/news/econom/reviews/1394548967-shiny-dlya-tramvaev-benzin-dlya-poezdov-dokumenty-na-chto-transportnye-mupy-yekaterinburga-tratyat|access-date=13 March 2014|publisher=uralpolit.ru}}{{Dead link|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> but this declines every year (245&nbsp;million people in 2013<ref>{{cite web|title=Города Свердловской области|url=http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b05_14t/IssWWW.exe/Stg/ur/05-02.htm|access-date=18 October 2017|website=gks.ru|archive-date=30 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630033239/http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b05_14t/IssWWW.exe/Stg/ur/05-02.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>). In 2016 there were 30 routes operating 459 cars. The total length of the tracks is 185.5&nbsp;km. {{As of|2016}}, the construction of a tram line "Yekaterinburg-Verkhnyaya Pyshma" was planned.<ref>{{cite web|date=22 July 2015|title=Строительство трамвайной линии Екатеринбург – Верхняя Пышма начнут в 2016 году|url=http://66.ru/news/society/174594/|access-date=22 July 2015|publisher=Портал 66.ru}}</ref>
[[File:Trolza Ye-burg.jpg|thumb|Yekaterinburg [[trolleybus]]]]
There are 93 bus routes operating in Yekaterinburg, including 30 municipal ones (EMUP "MOAP").<ref>{{cite web|title=Официальный портал Екатеринбурга|url=http://www.ekburg.ru/administration/administration-gorod/4/24/319/|access-date=18 October 2017|website=Официальный портал Екатеринбурга}}</ref> In 2007, 114.5&nbsp;million passengers were transported by municipal intercity buses (124.6&nbsp;million in 2006).<ref name="bgd3">{{cite web|title=Города Свердловской области|url=http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b08_14t/IssWWW.exe/Stg/ur/03-00.htm|access-date=18 October 2017|website=gks.ru|archive-date=10 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710055950/http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b08_14t/IssWWW.exe/Stg/ur/03-00.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> The decrease in volume is due to the increasing role of the fixed-route taxis in the urban transport system of Yekaterinburg, as well as the high cost of travel. However, the city bus transport network provides significant employment for the people of Yekaterinburg, including the formidable babushkas who collect passenger fares. In the park of EMPU, there are 537 buses.<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Автобусный парк Екатеринбурга утепляют к зиме|url=http://www.uralinform.ru/armnews/news68029.html|access-date=18 October 2017|website=УралИнформБюро|language=ru}}</ref> In 2013, there are 19 routes, which employ 250 trolleybuses. The total length of trolleybus lines is 168.4&nbsp;km. The number of passengers transported by trolleybus in 2007 amounted to 78.4&nbsp;million (84.3&nbsp;million in 2006).<ref name="bgd3" />

In addition, the city operates an electric train route linking the north-western and the southern parts of Yekaterinburg, from Sem' Klyuchey to Elizavet.

===Rail===
[[File:ЖД Вокзал Свердловск-Пассажирский.jpg|left|thumb|[[Yekaterinburg railway station]]]] [[File:Station square (Yekaterinburg)-2021-1.JPG|right|thumb|Station Square]] Yekaterinburg is a major railway junction. In the Yekaterinburg node, 7 main lines converge (to [[Perm, Russia|Perm]], [[Tyumen]], [[Kazan]], [[Nizhny Tagil]], [[Chelyabinsk]], [[Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast|Kurgan]], and [[Tavda]]). The Sverdlovsk Railway Administration is located in the city, which serves trains on the territory of the Sverdlovsk and Tyumen Regions, the Perm Territory, the Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Districts, as well as parts of the Omsk Region, and there is a single road traffic control centre. The Perm–Yekaterinburg–Tyumen section is now part of the main route of the [[Trans-Siberian Railway]].

===Air===
[[File:Терминалы A и B аэропорта Кольцово.jpg|thumb|[[Koltsovo Airport]]]]Yekaterinburg is served by two primary airports: [[Koltsovo Airport|Koltsovo International Airport]] (SVX) and the smaller [[Yekaterinburg Aramil Airport]]. Koltsovo Airport is one of the largest airports in the country, serving 5.404&nbsp;million passengers (including 3.485&nbsp;million serviced by domestic airlines, 1.919&nbsp;million at international flights) in 2017, making it the [[List of the busiest airports in Russia|sixth busiest airport in Russia]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Более 5,4 миллионов пассажиров обслужил аэропорт Кольцово в 2017 году&nbsp;(АвиаПорт)|language=ru|work=АвиаПорт.Ru|url=https://www.aviaport.ru/digest/2018/01/16/515373.html|access-date=1 May 2018}}</ref>

== Health ==
[[File:Свердловская областная больница №1.jpg|left|thumb|Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1]]
Yekaterinburg has an extensive network of municipal, regional and federal health facilities. There are 54 hospitals, designed at a capacity of 18,200 beds,<ref>{{cite web|title=БГД|url=http://gks.ru/bgd/regl/b08_14t/Main.htm|access-date=25 May 2018|website=gks.ru|archive-date=15 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615031313/http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/B08_14t/Main.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> 272 ambulatory polyclinics, and 156 dental clinics and offices.<ref name=":11">According to the city directory Dubl.</ref> Some health facilities are based on medical research institutes such as the Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology,<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Уральский научно-исследовательский институт фтизиопульмонологии – филиал ФГБУ "НМИЦ ФПИ" Минздрава России|url=http://www.urniif.ru/|access-date=25 May 2018|website=urniif.ru|language=ru}}</ref> the Research Institute of Dermatology and Immunopathology,<ref>{{cite web|title=Официальный сайт ГБУ СО "Уральский научно-исследовательский институт дерматовенерологии и иммунопатологии"|url=http://www.urniidvi.ru/|access-date=25 May 2018|website=urniidvi.ru}}</ref> and the Ural State Medical University, as well as others.

In clean areas of the city, there is the Yekaterinburg Medical Centre, which includes the Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 (also includes a polyclinic and a boarding house), Central City Hospital No. 40 (polyclinic, therapeutic building, surgical building, infectious body, neuro-surgical building, maternity hospital), Regional Cardiology Centre, Centre for Prevention and Control of AIDS, and MNTK Eye Microsurgery.<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Екатеринбургский центр МНТК "Микрохирургия глаза"|url=http://www.eyeclinic.ru/index.php/article/archive/142/|access-date=25 May 2018|website=eyeclinic.ru|language=ru}}</ref>

Other large medical centres are the Uralmash Health Centre (Hospital No. 14), the Hospital of veterans of the Great Patriotic War, the district hospital of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the district military hospital, the Oncology Centre, the Sverdlovsk Oblast Psychiatric Hospital, the Disaster Medicine Centre, the Sanguis Blood Transfusion Centre, children's versatile hospital No. 9, and the regional rehabilitation centre on Chusovsky lake. There are about 300 pharmacies in the city.<ref name=":11" /> The number of doctors in public medical institutions is 11,339 people (83.9 per 10,000 people) and the number of nurses is 16,795 (124 per 10,000 people).

Private medical institutions also operate in the city.<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Открытие второго центра МРТ-диагностики в городе Екатеринбурге!|url=https://ekaterinburg.ldc.ru/novosti/otkrytie-vtorogo-tsentra-mrt-diagnostiki-v-gorode-ekaterinburge|access-date=25 May 2018|website=ekaterinburg.ldc.ru|language=ru}}</ref>

==Education==
[[File:E-burg asv2019-05 img30 UrFU Mira19.jpg|thumb|Main building of the [[Ural Federal University]]|left]]

Yekaterinburg's education system includes institutions of all grades and conditions: preschool, general, special (correctional), and vocational (secondary and higher education), as well as others. Today, the city is one of the largest educational centres of Russia, with Yekaterinburg considered to be the leading educational and scientific centre of the [[Ural Federal District|Urals]].<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal|last=М.м|first=Рогалёва|date=2014|title=Екатеринбург как современный мегаполис|url=https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/ekaterinburg-kak-sovremennyy-megapolis|journal=Человек в мире культуры|issue=4|pages=14–17|issn=2227-9857}}</ref>

[[File:Zdanie TU UGMK.jpg|thumb|Main building of [[Technical University of UMMC]]]]

There are 164 educational institutions in Yekaterinburg: 160 of them operate in the morning and the other 4 in the evening. In 2015, 133,800 people were enrolled in general education institutions, which holds a capacity of 173,161 people.<ref>[http://екатеринбург.рф/file/a5f8c40c7dcc77faa28034faea3effc0 Report of the head of the Yekaterinburg administration, 2016] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205122529/https://xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/a5f8c40c7dcc77faa28034faea3effc0 |date=5 February 2017 }}, p. 14.</ref> Yekaterinburg's education system also includes state pre-school educational institutions, non-state pre-school institutions, out-of-town health camps, and municipal city health facilities with a one-day stay.<ref>[http://екатеринбург.рф/file/a5f8c40c7dcc77faa28034faea3effc0 Report of the head of the Yekaterinburg administration, 2016] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205122529/https://xn--80acgfbsl1azdqr.xn--p1ai/file/a5f8c40c7dcc77faa28034faea3effc0 |date=5 February 2017 }}, p. 13, 15.</ref> Five educational institutions of the city: SUNC UrFU, Gymnasium No. 2, Gymnasium No. 9, Gymnasium No. 35, and Lyceum No. 135, were included in the rating of the five hundred best schools in the country by the Moscow Center for Continuous Mathematical Education and the [[Ministry of Education and Science (Russia)|Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=12 October 2015|script-title=ru:Лучшие школы России-2015|language=ru|work=РИА Новости|url=https://ria.ru/sn_edu/20151012/1299413736.html|access-date=22 May 2018}}</ref>

On 16 July 1914, the Ural Mining Institute of Emperor Nicholas II (now the [[Ural State Mining University]]) was established as Yekaterinburg's first educational institution.<ref>{{cite web|title=Общие сведения об университете – ФГБОУ ВО "Уральский государственный горный университет"|url=http://about.ursmu.ru/|access-date=22 May 2018|website=about.ursmu.ru|archive-date=7 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160707082212/http://about.ursmu.ru/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1930, the Sverdlovsk Power Engineering College (now the Ural Technical Institute of Communications and Informatics) was opened to train specialists in the field of communications. The Alexei Maximovich Gorky Ural State University (now the [[Ural Federal University]]) became the first university in Yekaterinburg by decree of the [[Council of People's Commissars|Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR]], signed by Vladimir Lenin on 19 October 1920. The Sverdlovsk Engineering and Pedagogical Institute (today the Russian State Vocational and Pedagogical University) became the first university of the USSR for the training of engineering and pedagogical personnel when it was opened in 1979.

[[File:2nd build of the USMU.jpg|thumb|Ural State Mining University]]

In terms of the level of qualification of the graduates, Yekaterinburg's universities are among the leading in Russia, in particular in terms of the number of graduates representing the current managing elite of the country, Yekaterinburg universities are second only to the educational institutions of Moscow and Saint Petersburg.<ref>[http://www.edu.ru/abitur/rating/Rating_deloros2008.htm The second business rating of higher education] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929083748/http://www.edu.ru/abitur/rating/Rating_deloros2008.htm |date=29 September 2018 }} – Federal Portal Russian Education, 22 May 2018</ref><ref>[http://www.edu.ru/abitur/rating/goselita2008.htm Formation of the state elite 2008] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205122513/http://www.edu.ru/abitur/rating/goselita2008.htm |date=5 February 2017 }} – Federal Portal Russian Education, 22 May 2018</ref> Currently, there are 20 state universities in the city, which currently holds a total of 140,000 students.<ref>{{cite web|title=Российская академия наук намерена готовить кадры самостоятельно {{!}} Новости образования {{!}} Обучение Екатеринбург|url=http://uchim66.ru/news/59.html|access-date=22 May 2018|website=uchim66.ru|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185505/http://uchim66.ru/news/59.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> In addition, there are 14 non-state institutions of higher education in the city, such as the Yekaterinburg Academy of Contemporary Art and the Yekaterinburg Theological Seminary. The prestigious architecture school, the [[Ural State Academy of Architecture and Arts]], is also located within the city limits. Other institutions of higher education Ural State Pedagogical University, Ural State University of Forestry, Ural State University of Railway Transport, Ural State University of Economics, Military Institute of Artillery, [[Ural State Conservatory]], Ural State Agricultural Academy, [[Ural State Law Academy]], Ural State Medical University, Ural State Academy of Performing Arts, Ural Academy of Public Service, and [[Institute of International Relations Yekaterinburg|Institute of International Relations]].

In May 2011, the Ural State University and [[Ural State Technical University]] merged to form the [[Ural Federal University|Boris N. Yeltsin Ural Federal University]], making it the largest university in the [[Ural Federal District|Urals]] and the largest university in Russia. As of 1 January 2016, the university had 35,300 students and 2,950 teachers. The university's budget in 2015 totalled 9,1&nbsp;billion rubles and the volume of research and development work totalled 1,6&nbsp;billion rubles.<ref>{{Cite news|date=22 April 2016|title=УрФУ перестраивается в школы|work=Коммерсантъ (Екатеринбург)|url=http://kommersant.ru/doc/2969437|access-date=22 May 2018}}</ref> As of 2021, UrFU is the largest university in Russia in terms of the number of students, being on the 351st place in the QS World University Rankings.<ref>{{cite web|title=По количеству бюджетных мест мы уже обошли МГУ|date=7 April 2021|url=https://www.dk.ru/news/237149496}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ural Federal University – UrFU|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/ural-federal-university-urfu}}</ref> The number of publications of the university in the Web of Science database is about a thousand per year.<ref>[http://www.scopusaward.ru/presentations/scopus_award_urfu_casestudy.pdf Case study: Ural Federal University as a basic university of industry in the region] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401163005/http://www.scopusaward.ru/presentations/scopus_award_urfu_casestudy.pdf |date=1 April 2019 }} . – Ekaterinburg: Ural Federal University, 2016. – p. 2, 9–10.</ref>

There are many branches of non-resident universities in the city, including the Ural branch of the Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, the Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Private Law, the Yekaterinburg branch of the Plekhanov Russian Economic Academy, the Yekaterinburg branch of the University of the Russian Academy of Education, the Yekaterinburg branch of the Moscow State University, and Sholokhov Humanitarian University, as well as others.

== Media and telecommunications ==
[[File:Abandoned Tower.jpg|thumb|[[Yekaterinburg TV Tower]] before it was demolished]]
In Yekaterinburg, a large number of print publications are published: about 200 newspapers, the most read being the ''Ural Worker'', ''Vecherny Yekaterinburg'', ''Oblastnaya Gazeta'', and ''For Change!'', and 70 magazines, with most read being ''Red Burda'' and ''I'm Buying''.<ref>{{Cite web|date=18 September 2011|title=Гильдия издателей периодической печати|url=http://www.gipp.ru/opennews.php?id=16898&type=0|access-date=26 February 2022|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110918054344/http://www.gipp.ru/opennews.php?id=16898&type=0|archive-date=18 September 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Welcome media-atlas.ru - BlueHost.com|url=http://www.media-atlas.ru/items/?cat=interview&id=2801|access-date=26 February 2022|website=www.media-atlas.ru|archive-date=15 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615163314/http://www.media-atlas.ru/items/?cat=interview&id=2801|url-status=dead}}</ref>

A television studio was built in Yekaterinburg (as Sverdlovsk) in 1955 and on 6 November of the same year, the first telecast appeared. Coloured television later appeared in 1976.<ref>{{cite web|script-title=ru:Официальный сайт "Вести Урал" – Официальный сайт "Вести Урал"|url=http://ural.rfn.ru/region.html?rid=293|access-date=22 May 2018|website=Официальный сайт "Вести Урал"|language=ru-RU|archive-date=16 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716024143/http://ural.rfn.ru/region.html?rid=293|url-status=dead}}</ref> Now the television is broadcast by 19 companies, including but not all: STRC Ural, Channel Four, 41 Home, Channel 10, OTV, Union (Orthodox), and UFO 24. Broadcasting is carried out from the TV tower on Lunacharsky street (television studio GTRK Ural), the TV tower on the Moskovskiy Hill, and from the TV tower (radio relay tower) on Blyukher Street. In 1981, construction of a [[Yekaterinburg TV Tower|new television tower]] was started, which was to become the second tallest in Russia after the [[Ostankino Tower]] and cover the territory of most of the Sverdlovsk region, but economic difficulties postponed construction. As a result, the television tower was the tallest uncompleted structure in the world. On 24 March 2018, the television tower was demolished by detonation for the city's beautification in preparation of the [[2018 FIFA World Cup]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Вальханская|first=Наталья|script-title=ru:Взрыв и обрушение: снос телебашни в Екатеринбурге на видео очевидцев|language=ru|work=Телеканал "Звезда"|date=24 March 2018|url=https://tvzvezda.ru/news/vstrane_i_mire/content/201803240811-mv7f.htm|access-date=22 May 2018}}</ref> The Shartash radio mast, which broadcasts, is the tallest structure in the city, with a height of 263 meters.<ref>{{cite web|title=Тёмная башня|url=http://www.1723.ru/read/dai/dai-60.htm|access-date=22 May 2018|website=1723.ru}}</ref> In addition, several dozens of national and local news agencies are broadcast in Yekaterinburg, with the most watched being ITAR-TASS Ural, RUIA-Ural, and Interfax-Ural.

At the moment{{when|date=February 2024}}, there are 26 internet providers and 6 cellular operators in the city.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Uralnets|url=http://uralnets.ru/|access-date=26 February 2022|website=uralnets.ru|archive-date=15 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915222645/https://uralnets.ru/|url-status=dead}}</ref> According to ''Yekaterinburg News'', the city has signed a cooperative agreement with the Russian mobile operator [[Vimpelcom]], working under the Beeline brand. The partnership will involve cooperation on investment projects and social programmes focused on increasing access to mobile services in the city. Beeline has launched an initiative to provide Wi-Fi services in 500 public trams and trolley buses in Yekaterinburg.<ref>Fletcher, Martin. [http://yekaterinburgnews.com/daily-news/yekaterinburg-signs-cooperative-agreement-with-vimpelcom-under-beeline-brand/5622/ "Yekaterinburg signs cooperative agreement with Vimpelcom under Beeline brand"] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130722210426/http://yekaterinburgnews.com/daily-news/yekaterinburg-signs-cooperative-agreement-with-vimpelcom-under-beeline-brand/5622/ |date=22 July 2013 }}, ''Yekateringburg News'', 19 July 2013. (Retrieved 22 July 2013).</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+Operators of mobile communication in Yekaterinburg
!Generation
!Mobile communication standard
!Operators
|-
|[[2G]]
|[[GSM]]
|[[MTS (network provider)|MTS]], [[MegaFon]], [[Beeline (brand)|Beeline]], [[Tele2 Russia]], Motive
|-
|[[2.5G]]
|[[General Packet Radio Service|GPRS]]
|MTS, MegaFon, Beeline, Tele2 Russia, Motive
|-
|[[2.75G]]
|[[EDGE (telecommunication)|EDGE]]
|MTS, MegaFon, Beeline, Tele2 Russia, Motive
|-
|[[3G]]
|[[UMTS]], [[CDMA2000|CDMA 1X]]
|MTS, MegaFon, Beeline, Tele2 Russia
|-
|[[3.5G]]
|[[High Speed Packet Access|HSPA]]
|MTS, MegaFon, Beeline, Tele2 Russia
|-
|[[3.75G]]
|[[Evolved High Speed Packet Access|HSPA+]]
|MTS, MegaFon, Beeline, Tele2 Russia
|-
|[[4G]]
|[[LTE (telecommunication)|LTE]]
|MTS, MegaFon, Beeline, Tele2 Russia, Motive, [[Yota]]
|-
|[[LTE Advanced|4G+]]
|[[LTE Advanced]]
|MTS, MegaFon, Beeline, [[:ru:Yota (бренд)|Yota]]
|}

==Life and culture==
===Overview===
[[File:Yekaterinburg Border Asia Europe.jpg|thumb|Europe-Asia border marker near Yekaterinburg|left]]Yekaterinburg is a multipurpose cultural centre of the Urals Federal District.<ref name=":10" /> There are about fifty libraries in the city. The largest library organisations are the Sverdlovsk Oblast Universal Scientific Library, the V.G. Belinsky Scientific Library, which is the largest public library in Sverdlovsk Oblast, and the Municipal Library Association, which is composed of 41 libraries throughout the city, including the AI Herzen Central City Library.<ref>{{cite web|title=WiseCms – troubles...|url=http://culture.ekburg.ru/institutions/libraries/mob/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120711000632/http://culture.ekburg.ru/institutions/libraries/mob/|archive-date=11 July 2012|access-date=24 May 2018|website=culture.ekburg.ru}}</ref>

There are about 50 different museums in the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=WiseCms – troubles...|url=http://culture.ekburg.ru/institutions/museum/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119065647/http://culture.ekburg.ru/institutions/museum/|archive-date=19 January 2011|access-date=24 May 2018|website=Culture.ekburg.ru}}</ref> Yekaterinburg has unique museum collections, such as the collections of Russian paintings in the [[Yekaterinburg Museum of Fine Arts]] and the Nevyansk icons in the [[Nevyansk Icon Museum]], with more than 300 icons representing the eighteenth through the twentieth centuries on display. There is also a unique exhibit, the Kaslinsky cast iron pavilion, which received main awards at the [[Exposition Universelle (1900)|1900 World Exhibition]] in Paris. The Kasli Pavilion was registered by UNESCO as the only cast-iron architectural structure in the world, which is in the museum collection.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://xn----ctbsbazhbctieai.ru-an.info/новости/триумф-россии-на-всемирной-выставке-в-париже-1900-года/#:~:text=Всемирная%20Парижская%20выставка%201900%20г.,436%20серебряных%20и%20347%20бронзовых|title=Триумф России на Всемирной выставке в Париже 1900 года – Новости РуАН|website=новости-россии.ru-an.info|access-date=20 February 2022}}</ref> Museums of the city also have collections of jewellery and stone ornaments. The United Museum of Writers of the Urals presents exhibitions in memory of writers such as [[Dmitry Mamin-Sibiryak]] and [[Pavel Bazhov]]. It also is the home of the ''Shigirskaya Kladovaya'' (''Шигирская кладовая''), or Shigir Collection, which includes the [[Shigir Idol|oldest known wooden sculpture]] in the world. The sculpture was found near [[Nevyansk]] and originally estimated to have been made approximately 9,500 years ago, but now is estimated to have been made 11,500 years ago.<ref>Lykova TR&nbsp; [http://elar.usfeu.ru/bitstream/123456789/2911/1/Lykova.pdf Cultural and historical centres of the Sverdlovsk region] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011153041/http://elar.usfeu.ru/bitstream/123456789/2911/1/Lykova.pdf |date=11 October 2016 }}&nbsp; // method. instructions for studying the course "Cultural and Historical Centres of the Urals" for full-time or part-time students, direction 100400 – Tourism. – Ekaterinburg: UGLTU, 2014. – P. 15-16 .</ref> Yekaterinburg museums annually participate in the international event [[Long Night of Museums]].

Yekaterinburg has the third most theatres in Russia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Главная страница - АПИ-Урал|url=http://www.apiural.ru/|access-date=26 February 2022|website=www.apiural.ru}}</ref> The influence of theatrical life of the city was made by the Moscow Art Academic Theater and the Central Theater of the Soviet Army when they evacuated to Yekaterinburg (as Sverdlovsk) during World War II, and they had their own theater in the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=Архитектура и планировка социалистического Свердловска. Часть 2.|url=http://www.1723.ru/read/books/sverdlovsk-1980/s-1980-5-2.htm|access-date=24 May 2018|website=1723.ru}}</ref> Notable theatres that operate in the city are Academic Theater of Musical Comedy, Drama Theater, [[Nikolay Kolyada|Kolyada-Theater]], the youth theatre, and the puppet theatre, as well as others. The Yekaterinburg Opera and Ballet Theater received four awards at the [[Golden Mask (Russian award)|Golden Mask]] 2020 Festival in Moscow, including the main Golden Mask for the Best Opera Performance<ref>{{cite web|last=Вейн|first=Инна|title=Уральские актеры и режиссеры привезли домой сразу четыре "Золотые маски"|url=https://ekb.dk.ru/news/237143558|access-date=15 August 2021|website=Ekb.dk.ru|date=10 November 2020|language=ru}}</ref>

In 2014, the city showcased its education, literary, art, and theatre culture through the Russian Year of Culture Programme.<ref>Fletcher, Martin. [http://yekaterinburgnews.com/daily-news/yekaterinburg-to-showcase-citys-cultural-achievements-during-year-of-culture/7712/ "Yekaterinburg to showcase city’s cultural achievements during Year of Culture"] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20140213183436/http://yekaterinburgnews.com/daily-news/yekaterinburg-to-showcase-citys-cultural-achievements-during-year-of-culture/7712/ |date=13 February 2014 }}. ''Yekaterinburg News''. 13 February 2014. (Retrieved 13 February 2014).</ref>

The city has a well-developed film industry. Opened back in 1909, Laurage was the first cinema in Yekaterinburg. In 1943, the Sverdlovsk Film Studio was opened and produced its first feature film Silva a year later. After the Second World War, the studio produced up to ten feature films a year. There are more than 20 cinemas in Yekaterinburg, the oldest of which is the Salyut, while the most capacious is the Cosmos spacecraft.<ref>{{cite web|last=Pozdnyakova|first=Julia|date=27 May 2016|title=Sverdlovsk Oblast was in the picture|url=https://www.kommersant.ru/private/pdoc?docsid=2997072|access-date=24 May 2018|website=Kommersant}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Интервью - АПИ-Урал|url=http://www.apiural.ru/interview/?art=35726|access-date=26 February 2022|website=www.apiural.ru}}</ref> There are also chains of movie theatres such as Premier-Zal, Kinomaks, and Kinoplex, which usually open in shopping and entertainment centres.

A number of popular Russian rock bands, such as Urfin Dzhyus, [[Chaif]], [[Chicherina]], [[Nautilus Pompilius (band)|Nautilus Pompilius]], Nastya, Trek, [[Agatha Christie (band)|Agata Kristi]], [[Slaughter to Prevail]] and [[Smyslovye Gallyutsinatsii]], were originally formed in Yekaterinburg (''Ural Rock'' is often considered as a particular variety of rock music. Yekaterinburg and [[St. Petersburg]] are actually considered to be the main centres of the genre in Russia). Also, opera singers like [[Boris Shtokolov]], [[Yuri Aleksandrovich Gulyayev|Yuri Gulyayev]], Vera Bayeva graduated from the Urals State Conservatory. The [[Ural Philharmonic Orchestra]] (currently conducted by [[Dmitry Liss]]), founded by Mark Paverman and located in Yekaterinburg, is also very popular in Russia and in Europe, as well as the Ural Academic Popular Chorus, a folk-singing and dance ensemble.{{Citation needed|date=May 2018}}
[[File:E-burg asv2019-05 img48 Ekb Circus.jpg|thumb|[[Yekaterinburg Circus]].]]

[[Yekaterinburg Circus|Yekaterinburg V. I. Filatov State Circus]] is located in the centre of the city, on the western bank of the Iset River. In 2012, the Yekaterinburg Circus was nominated "Best Circus of the Year" for the circus show Sharivari by the Rosgoscirk and the [[Ministry of Culture (Russia)|Ministry of Culture]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Премией "Шаривари" отметили лучших деятелей циркового искусства – В МИРЕ ЦИРКА И ЭСТРАДЫ|url=http://www.ruscircus.ru/sharivari_689|access-date=25 May 2018|website=ruscircus.ru}}</ref>

The Presidential Center named after Boris Yeltsin was built in Yekaterinburg in 2015. It is considered to be a public, cultural and educational center. The Center has its art gallery, library, museum equipped with the newest multimedia technologies that help to present the documents, video materials and archive photos. In 2017, the [[Yeltsin Center]] was recognized as the best museum in Europe by the Council of Europe, the first of the museums in Russia.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ельцин Центр признали «лучшим европейским музеем 2017 года»|url=https://www.the-village.ru/city/architecture/265628-yeltsin-center-is-the-best|access-date=15 August 2021|website=The Village|language=ru}}</ref>

The [[Ural Society of Natural Science Lovers|Urals Society of Natural Science Lovers]] pushed Yekaterinburg to have a zoo. Currently{{when|date=July 2025}}, the zoo has more than 1,000 animals that belong to more than 350 species. The zoo covers an area of 2.7{{nbsp}}hectares.

On 18 June 2011, Yekaterinburg launched Red Line as a pedestrian tourist route for self-guided tours by residents and visitors to go to 34 landmarks in the historical section of the city.<ref>{{Cite news|date=17 June 2011|script-title=ru:Самые популярные достопримечательности Екатеринбурга соединит красная линия на тротуаре|language=ru-RU|work=Interfax-Russia.ru|url=http://www.interfax-russia.ru/Ural/report.asp?id=238902|access-date=25 May 2018}}</ref>

=== Architecture ===
[[File:Усадьба Расторгуева-Харитонова Екатеринбург.JPG|thumb|The [[Rastorguyev-Kharitonov Palace]], built from 1794 to 1820|left]]Many buildings of Yekaterinburg are ranged from a different number of architectural styles. The city had a regular layout, based on the fortresses of the Renaissance and by the principles of French town planning during the 17th century. By the 18th century, the Baroque movement was not that influential in Yekaterinburg, with the style being seen in churches which later declined<ref name=":12">{{Cite book|date=2002|title=Yekaterinburg Encyclopedia|url=http://ihist.uran.ru/files/2002_Yekaterinburg.pdf|publisher=Yekaterinburg: "Akademkniga"|page=30|isbn=5-93472-068-6|via=PDF}}</ref>

In the first half of the 19th century, [[Neoclassical architecture in Russia|neoclassicism]] grew influential in the Yekaterinburg's architecture. The estates were built in the neoclassic style, including the main house, wings, services, and often an English-style park. This style's influence in Yekaterinburg is mostly due to the contributions of architect Michael Malakhov, who worked in the city from 1815 to 1842. He designed the assemblies of the Verkhne-Isetsky factory as well as the Novo-Tikhvinsky Monastery.<ref name=":12" />
[[File:White Tower in Yekaterinburg - 2.jpeg|thumb|White Tower of the Ural Heavy Machinery Plant ]]
[[File:Музей ПурВО.jpg|thumb|District Officers' House]]At the beginning of the 20th century, [[eclecticism]] became a dominant influence in Yekaterinburg's architecture. Buildings such as the Opera House and [[Yekaterinburg railway station]] were built in this style. During the 1920s and the 1930s, [[Constructivist architecture|constructivism]] took effect, influencing residential complexes, industrial buildings, stadiums, etc. Architects Moses Ginzburg, Jacob Kornfeld, the Vesnina brothers, Daniel Friedman, and Sigismund Dombrovsky contributed greatly to the constructivism in the city. More than 140 structures in Yekaterinburg are designed in the constructivist style, including the [[White Tower (Yekaterinburg)|Uralmash White Tower]] and the building of the printing house of the "Uralskiy Rabochiy" publishing house.<ref>{{Cite book|date=2002|title=Yekaterinburg Encyclopedia|url=http://ihist.uran.ru/files/2002_Yekaterinburg.pdf|publisher=Yekaterinburg: "Akademkniga"|pages=30–31|isbn=5-93472-068-6|via=PDF}}</ref>
During the 1930s to 1950s, there was a turn back to neoclassicism, with much attention paid to public buildings and monuments. Notable examples include the buildings of the Ural Industrial Institute on Lenin Avenue, the City Party Committee and the City Council Executive Committee building (now the City Administrative building), the District Officers' House, and the House of Defense complex. Cultural buildings are built in the squares in orderly composition. In these years, architects Golubev, K. T. Babykin, Valenkov worked fruitfully in Yekaterinburg with this style. In the 1960s, changes in the approach to construction led to widespread distribution of apartment blocks common in the [[History of the Soviet Union (1953–64)|Khrushchev era]]. Buildings built by individuals were rare, among them being: KKT "Kosmos", the Palace of Youth, and DK UZTM.<ref>{{Cite book|date=2002|title=Yekaterinburg Encyclopedia|url=http://ihist.uran.ru/files/2002_Yekaterinburg.pdf|publisher=Yekaterinburg: "Akademkniga"|page=31|isbn=5-93472-068-6|via=PDF}}</ref>

From the 1960s to the 1980s, as industrial development grew in Yekaterinburg, so did [[Rationalism (architecture)|rationalism]]. The situation changed in the 1990s when Russia transferred into a market economy. At that time, older buildings were restored, giving the urban area a new environment such as: the Cosmos Concert Hall, the Puppet Theater, the children's ballet theatre The Nutcracker, the Palace of Justice, the Cathedral of the Blood, and the [[Church of the Transfiguration, Yekaterinburg|Church of the Transfiguration]]. At the same time, the construction of new buildings was accompanied by the demolition of historical buildings, leading to the development of the "facade" phenomenon, where the facades of historic buildings are preserved while adjacent modern buildings are built.<ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|last=Shvets|first=A. V.|date=2016|title=Domestic architecture of the late XX – early XXI century|url=http://pnu.edu.ru/media/nionc/articles-2016/59_1.pdf|url-status=dead|journal=New Ideas of the New Century: Scientific. Compilation.|publisher=Khabarovsk: Pacific State University|volume=2|pages=355–362|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104004450/http://pnu.edu.ru/media/nionc/articles-2016/59_1.pdf|archive-date=4 November 2016|access-date=8 June 2018|via=PDF}}</ref>

The centre of Yekaterinburg became the centre of new construction, where banks, business centres, hotels, luxury residential complexes, and sports and shopping centres were built. [[High-tech architecture]] grew influential, with buildings such as the Center for Railway Transportation Management, the Summit business centre, the Aquamarine residential complex, and the retail strip at Vaynera Street being notable examples. Along with this, [[Postmodern architecture|postmodernism]] revived interest in the older architectural styles of Yekaterinburg, growing more emphasis on historicalism and contextualism. In the late 1990s, architects grew interested in [[Regionalism (art)|regionalism]].<ref name=":13" />

At the beginning of the 21st century, Yekaterinburg architects turned back to the Soviet-based avant-garde, and influence future city buildings with the [[Neoconstructivism (art)|neoconstructivist]] style. The practice of attracting large foreign investors to projects has become popular. In 2007, the construction of the Central business district started, being headed by the French architect Jean Pistre.<ref name=":13" /> In 2010, Yekaterinburg became one of the largest centers for the construction of High-rise buildings. In the city, 1,189 high-rise buildings were built, including 20 skyscrapers, the tallest of which is the [[Iset Tower]], with a height of 209 meters.<ref>{{cite web|last=GmbH|first=Emporis|title=Yekaterinburg {{!}} Buildings {{!}} EMPORIS|url=https://www.emporis.com/city/100842/yekaterinburg-russia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150408012756/http://www.emporis.com/city/100842/yekaterinburg-russia|url-status=usurped|archive-date=8 April 2015|access-date=8 June 2018|website=[[Emporis]]}}</ref>

===Sports===
Yekaterinburg is also a leading sports centre in Russia. A large number of well-known athletes, both world and [[Olympic Games|Olympics]] champions, are associated with the city. Since 1952, Yekaterinburg athletes have won 137 medals at the Olympic Games (46 gold, 60 silver and 31 bronze). In the [[2008 Summer Olympics]], 8 residents of Yekaterinburg returned with medals (1 gold, 3 silver and 4 bronze).<ref>{{cite web|title=Официальный портал Екатеринбурга|url=http://ekburg.ru/health/sport/olimpik_slava/|access-date=22 May 2018|website=Официальный портал Екатеринбурга|archive-date=8 August 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100808143007/http://www.ekburg.ru/health/sport/olimpik_slava/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<gallery mode="packed">
Central Stadium, Yekaterinburg (August 2022) - 2.jpg|[[Central Stadium (Yekaterinburg)|Yekaterinburg Arena]] (formerly Central Stadium)
Uralets Ice Palace.jpg|[[Yekaterinburg Sports Palace|Uralets Arena]] (formerly Sports Palace)
SKB-Bank Arena 2015 (7).JPG|[[SKB-Bank Arena|Uralmash Stadium]]
ДИВС.jpg|[[Palace of Sporting Games]]
</gallery>

In 1965, Yekaterinburg (as Sverdlovsk), along with a number of Russian cities, hosted the [[1965 Bandy World Championship|Bandy World Championship]]. In 2018, Yekaterinburg was one of the 11 Russian cities that hosted the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were played on the upgraded [[Central Stadium (Yekaterinburg)|Yekaterinburg Arena]] (called Central Stadium before the World Cup).<ref name=":9">{{cite web|title=The announcement ceremony of the host cities of the 2018 World Cup united the whole of Russia|url=http://ru.fifa.com/worldcup/russia2018/news/newsid=1711632/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903140455/http://ru.fifa.com/worldcup/russia2018/news/newsid=1711632/index.html|archive-date=3 September 2014|access-date=23 May 2018|website=ru.fifa.com}}</ref>

Yekaterinburg has a total of 1728 sports facilities, including 16 stadiums with stands, 440 indoor gyms and 45 swimming pools. There are 38 sports children's and youth schools for reserves for the Olympic Games, in which more than 30,000 people are participating.<ref>{{cite web|title=База данных показателей муниципальных образований|url=http://www.gks.ru/dbscripts/munst/munst65/DBInet.cgi|access-date=23 May 2018|website=gks.ru|archive-date=14 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090814185615/http://www.gks.ru/dbscripts/munst/munst65/DBInet.cgi|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<!-- 
Yekaterinburg will host the [[2023 Summer Universiade]]. It will be the fourth time that Russia has hosted a Universiade. It will also be the third time that Russia will host the Summer [[Universiade]]. -->

====Sport clubs====
Yekaterinburg has many professional sports clubs in sports such as volleyball, basketball, [[futsal]], [[bandy]], and ice hockey for both women and men. [[Bandy]] club [[SKA-Sverdlovsk]], women's [[volleyball]] club [[VC Uralochka-NTMK]], women's [[basketball]] club [[UMMC Ekaterinburg|UMMC Yekaterinburg]], and futsal club [[MFK Sinara Yekaterinburg]] were among the best teams in Russia and Europe.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Club !! Sport !! Founded !! Current league !! League<br />Tier !! Stadium
|-
|[[FC Ural Yekaterinburg|Ural Yekaterinburg]]
|[[Association football]]
|1930
|[[Russian Premier League]]
|1st
|[[Central Stadium (Yekaterinburg)|Central Stadium]]
|-
|[[Avtomobilist Yekaterinburg]]
|[[Ice Hockey]]
|2006
|[[Kontinental Hockey League]]
|1st
|[[UMMC Arena (Yekaterinburg)| UMMC Arena]]
|-
|Avto Yekaterinburg
|[[Ice Hockey]]
|2009
|[[Minor Hockey League]]
|Jr. 1st
|[[Yekaterinburg Sports Palace|KRK Uralets]]
|-
|Spartak-Merkury
|[[Ice Hockey]]
|1992
|Women's Hockey Championship
|1st
|Sports Palace Snezhinka
|-
|[[Uralsky Trubnik]]
|[[Bandy]]
|1937
|[[Russian Bandy Super League]]
|1st
|[[Uralsky Trubnik Stadium]]
|-
|[[SKA-Sverdlovsk]]
|[[Bandy]]
|1935
|[[Russian Bandy Supreme League]]
|2nd
|[[Uralsky Trubnik Stadium]]
|-
|[[BC Ural Yekaterinburg|Ural Yekaterinburg]]
|[[Basketball]]
|2006
|[[Russian Basketball Super League]]
|2nd
|[[Palace of Sporting Games]]
|-
|[[UMMC Ekaterinburg|UGMK Yekaterinburg]]
|[[Basketball]]
|1938
|[[Russian Women's Basketball Premier League|Women's Basketball Premier League]]
|1st
|[[Palace of Sporting Games]]
|-
|Lokomotiv-Izumrud Yekaterinburg
|[[Volleyball]]
|1945
|[[Russian Volleyball Super League|Volleyball Supreme League A]]
|2nd
|[[Palace of Sporting Games]]
|-
|[[VC Uralochka-NTMK Yekaterinburg|Uralochka Yekaterinburg]]
|[[Volleyball]]
|1966
|Women's Volleyball Superleague
|1st
|[[Palace of Sporting Games]] <br /> Metallurg-Forum
|-
|[[MFK Viz-Sinara Yekaterinburg|Sinara Yekaterinburg]]
|[[Futsal]]
|1992
|[[Russian Futsal Super League|Futsal Super League]]
|1st
|[[Palace of Sporting Games]]
|}

==== 2018 FIFA World Cup ====
[[File:Japan-Senegal in Yekaterinburg (FIFA World Cup 2018) 15.jpg|thumb|Crowd of fans in Yekaterinburg during the 2018 World Cup]]
Yekaterinburg hosted four matches of the [[2018 FIFA World Cup]]<ref name=":15">{{cite web|last=FIFA.com|title=2018 FIFA World Cup Russia|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/groups/index.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140412082134/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/groups/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 April 2014|access-date=23 May 2018|website=fifa.com|language=en-GB}}</ref> Yekaterinburg is one of the 11 Russian cities that hosted the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were played on the upgraded [[Central Stadium (Yekaterinburg)|Yekaterinburg Arena]].<ref name=":9" />

For the World Cup 2018, from 7 October 2015 to 29 December 2017, the Central Stadium was upgraded to bring it into compliance with FIFA requirements for the World Cup and was renamed Yekaterinburg Arena. The architectural concept of the new stadium is built on a combination of historical walls and the built-in core of the modern arena. During the reconstruction of the sports facility, which is a monument of history and culture, the facades are carefully preserved, and the arena itself is equipped with the latest technical achievements of the sports industry. Temporary stands extending outside the stadium's original perimeter were erected to comply with the FIFA requirement of seating for 35,000 spectators. They can hold a total of 12,000 spectators, but the seating will be removed after the World Cup, decreasing the seating capacity back to 23,000.<ref>{{cite web|last=sport|first=Guardian|date=4 October 2017|title=Outer space: the Russia World Cup stadium with a novel seating extension|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/oct/04/russia-world-cup-stadium-ekaterinburg-arena-seating-built-outside-venue-fifa|access-date=23 May 2018|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Construction: Tsentralnyj Stadion Yekaterinburg – StadiumDB.com|url=http://stadiumdb.com/constructions/rus/tsentralnyi_stadion_ekaterinburg|access-date=23 May 2018|website=stadiumdb.com|language=en}}</ref>

The [[FIFA Fan Fest]] in Yekaterinburg is located in the Mayakovsky Central Park of Entertainment and Culture. Located just outside the city centre in a popular and well-known amusement park, it will have a capacity to hold 17,000 people.<ref>{{Cite news|last=FIFA.com|title=2018 FIFA World Cup Russia - News - FIFA Fan Fest venues announced for 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia|language=en-GB|work=fifa.com|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/fifa-fan-fest-venues-announced-for-2018-fifa-world-cup-russia-2782938|access-date=23 May 2018}}</ref>

[[Koltsovo Airport]] was also reconstructed and had a second runway built. In addition, work was done to prepare another passenger terminal, modernize the technical infrastructure, and launch the business aviation hangar. The airport's capacity in preparation for the World Cup has increased to two thousand people per hour. The street and road network was also upgraded.<ref>{{cite web|last=Azmukhanov|first=Alexander|date=3 May 2018|title=The three most expensive projects of the region for the World Cup|url=https://www.oblgazeta.ru/economics/38063/|access-date=22 May 2018|website=Oblastnaya Gazeta}}</ref>

==International relations==
===Consulates===
The United States,<ref>{{cite web|title=Official website of the U.S. Consulate General in Yekaterinburg|url=http://yekaterinburg.usconsulate.gov/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120408122441/http://yekaterinburg.usconsulate.gov/|archive-date=8 April 2012|access-date=19 April 2012}}</ref> United Kingdom,<ref>{{cite web|title=Official website of the British Consulate General in Yekaterinburg|url=http://ukinrussia.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/ekat-landing/|access-date=19 April 2012|archive-date=3 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120103033022/http://ukinrussia.fco.gov.uk/en/about-us/other-locations/ekat-landing/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Germany,<ref>{{cite web|title=Official website of the German Consulate General in Yekaterinburg|url=http://www.jekaterinburg.diplo.de/Vertretung/jekaterinburg/de/Startseite.html|access-date=19 April 2012|archive-date=3 August 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120803062119/http://www.jekaterinburg.diplo.de/Vertretung/jekaterinburg/de/Startseite.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> France,<ref>{{cite web|title=Official website of the French Consulate General in Yekaterinburg|url=http://www.ambafrance-ru.org/-Ekaterinbourg-|access-date=19 April 2012|archive-date=29 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120429005651/http://www.ambafrance-ru.org/-Ekaterinbourg-|url-status=dead}}</ref> China<ref>{{cite web|title=Chinese Consulate General in Yekaterinburg|url=http://ekaterinburg.chineseconsulate.org/chn/|access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref> and several other countries have consulates in Yekaterinburg.

===BRIC summit===
The [[BRICS|BRIC]] countries met for their [[1st BRIC summit|first official summit]] on 16 June 2009, in Yekaterinburg,<ref name="BBC">{{Cite news|date=16 June 2009|title=First summit for emerging giants|work=BBC News|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8102216.stm|access-date=16 June 2009}}</ref> with [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]], [[Dmitry Medvedev]], [[Manmohan Singh]], and [[Hu Jintao]], the respective leaders of Brazil, Russia, India and China, all attending. The foreign ministers of the BRIC countries had also met in Yekaterinburg previously on 16 May 2008.{{Fact|date=November 2024}}

===World Expo===
In June 2013, at the 153rd General Assembly of the [[Bureau of International Expositions]] held in Paris, representatives from Yekaterinburg presented the city's bid to host the [[Expo 2020]]. Russian President Vladimir Putin confirmed during a televised statement in English to earmark the required funds to build an exhibition complex large enough to receive the estimated 30 million visitors from more than 150 countries.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hamilton|first=Louis|date=18 June 2013|title=Yekaterinburg presents city's bid for 2020 World Expo|url=http://yekaterinburgnews.com/daily-news/yekaterinburg-presents-citys-bid-for-2020-world-expo/5285/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131127094602/http://yekaterinburgnews.com/daily-news/yekaterinburg-presents-citys-bid-for-2020-world-expo/5285/|archive-date=27 November 2013|access-date=20 June 2013|publisher=Yekaterinburg News}}</ref> Ultimately, [[Dubai]] was chosen to host the exhibition. Yekaterinburg later bid for the [[Expo 2025]]. Yekaterinburg's concept for the bid exhibition relates to the technologies to make people happy by changing the world with innovation and quality of life. The host was announced on 23 November 2018 and Yekaterinburg lost out to Osaka, Japan.

Yekaterinburg hosted the Global Summit on Manufacturing and Industrialization (GMIS — 2019) under the auspices of the United Nations.<ref>{{cite web |title=Глобальный саммит по производству и индустриализации (GMIS – 2019) |url=https://roscongress.org/events/globalnyy-sammit-po-proizvodstvu-i-industrializatsii-gmis-2019-/about/ |access-date=12 December 2021 |website=Росконгресс}}</ref> The annual [[Innoprom|INNOPROM]] exhibition is among the five largest industrial exhibitions in the world.<ref>{{cite web|last=КИРЯГИН|first=Кирилл|date=22 July 2015|title=ИННОПРОМ – в пятёрке крупнейших промышленных выставок мира|url=https://ural.aif.ru/industry/particulars/innoprom_v_pyatyorke_krupneyshih_promyshlennyh_vystavok_mira|access-date=12 December 2021|website=ural.aif.ru|language=ru}}</ref>

===Twin towns – sister cities===
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia}}
Yekaterinburg is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web|title=Побратимы и тезки Екатеринбурга|url=https://ekb-room.ru/pobratimy-i-tezki-ekaterinburga-47634|website=ekb-room.ru|publisher=The Ekb Room|language=ru|date=20 October 2014|access-date=22 December 2020|archive-date=18 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118002532/http://ekb-room.ru/pobratimy-i-tezki-ekaterinburga-47634/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* {{flagicon|Algeria}} [[Annaba]], [[Annaba Province]], Algeria
* {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Ferentino]], [[Lazio]], Italy (1997)
* {{flagicon|China}} [[Guangzhou]], [[Guangdong]], China (2002)
* {{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Incheon]], South Korea (2009)
* {{flagicon|Nicaragua}} [[Managua]], Nicaragua (2013)
* {{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Plovdiv]], [[Plovdiv Province]], Bulgaria
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[San Jose, California|San Jose]], [[California]], United States (1992)
<!--rest - twinning ended or other relation than twinning-->
{{div col end}}

==Notable people==
{{Main|List of people from Yekaterinburg}}
{{Main category|People from Yekaterinburg}}
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Anton Bakov]], Leader of the [[Monarchist Party of Russia|Monarchist Party]]
* [[Sweetie Fox]], erotic model, porn star, and cosplayer
* [[Irina Antonenko]], [[Miss Russia 2010]]
* [[Aleksei Balabanov]], film director, screenwriter, producer
* [[Vera Bazarova]], pairs figure skater
* [[Pavel Bazhov]], folklorist and children's author
* [[Old Man Bukashkin]], artist and poet
* [[Pavel Datsyuk]], [[ice hockey]] player
* [[Nikolay Durakov]], [[bandy]] legend
* [[Chiang Fang-liang]], former first lady of Taiwan
* [[Aleksey Fedorchenko]], film director, producer
* [[Denis Galimzyanov]], sprinter cyclist
* [[Anna Gavrilenko]], Group rhythmic gymnast Olympic Gold medalist
* [[Nikolay Karpol]], national women volleyball team coach
* [[Nikolai Khabibulin]], ice hockey player
* [[Alexei Yashin]], ice hockey player
* [[Alexei Khvostenko]], avant-garde poet, singer-songwriter, artist, and sculptor
* [[Nikolay Kolyada]], actor, director, writer, playwright, and playwriting teacher
* [[Ilya Kormiltsev]], poet, translator, publisher
* [[Olga Kotlyarova]], Olympic runner
* [[Maxim Kovtun]], figure skater
* [[Vladislav Krapivin]], children's author
* [[Valeria Savinykh]], WTA Professional player
* [[Nikolay Krasovsky]], mathematician
* [[Yulia Lipnitskaya]], figure skater
* [[Iskander Makhmudov]], businessman
* [[Vladimir Malakhov (ice hockey)|Vladimir Malakhov]], ice hockey player
* [[Gennady Mesyats]], vice-president of the [[Russian Academy of Sciences]]
* [[Maxim Miroshkin]], pairs figure skater
* [[Vladimir Mulyavin]] (1941 – 2003), Belarusian musician and the founder of the folk-rock band [[Pesniary]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Museum Vladimir Mulyavin in Belarusian State Philharmonic|url=https://pda.ekskursii.by/en/?Muzei_Belarusi=102149_Muzey_V_G_Mulyavina_v_Belgosfilarmonii|access-date=22 April 2022}}</ref>
* [[Alfia Nazmutdinova]], rhythmic gymnast
* [[Ernst Neizvestny]], sculptor
* [[Oleg Platonov]], writer, historian, and economist
* [[Daria Pridannikova]], rhythmic gymnast
* [[Eduard Rossel]], ex-governor of Sverdlovsk Oblast
* [[Boris Ryzhy]], poet
* [[Mikhail Shchennikov]], race walker
* [[Vera Sessina]], rhythmic gymnast
* [[Georgy Shishkin]], painter
* [[Vassily Sigarev]], playwright, screenwriter, film director
* [[Anastasiia Tatareva]], Group rhythmic gymnast Olympic Gold medalist
* [[Sergei Tchepikov]], Olympic biathlon competitor
* [[Vladimir Tretyakov (mathematician)|Vladimir Tretyakov]], ex-rector of the [[Ural State University]]
* [[Lev Vainshtein]], Olympic shooter
* [[Sergei Vonsovsky]], physicist
* [[Dudoladov, Alexander Dmitrievich|Alexander Dudoladov]], writer 
* [[Alexander Malinin]], singer
* [[Petr Yan]], [[UFC Bantamweight Championship|Former UFC Bantamweight Champion]]
{{div col end}}

== See also ==

* [[Catherine's Cathedral, Yekaterinburg|Catherine's Cathedral]]

==Others==

* A ballistic missile submarine of the Project 667BDRM ''Delfin'' class ([[NATO]] reporting name: [[Delta-class submarine|Delta IV]]) is named [[Russian submarine K-84 Ekaterinburg|''Ekaterinburg'' (K-84/"807")]] in honour of the city.
* The asteroid [[27736 Ekaterinburg]] was named in the city's honour on 1 June 2007.

{{clear}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
===Notes===
{{reflist}}

===Sources===
{{refbegin}}
* {{RussiaBasicLawRef|sve|yekaterinburg}}
* {{RussiaAdmMunRef|sve|adm|law}}
* {{RussiaAdmMunRef|sve|mun|list}}
{{refend}}

== Bibliography ==
{{See also|Timeline of Yekaterinburg#Bibliography|l1=Bibliography of the history of Yekaterinburg}}

== External links ==
{{Sister project links|auto=yes|d=yes|c=Category:Yekaterinburg}}
* [http://www.ekburg.ru/ Official website of Yekaterinburg] {{in lang|ru}}
* [https://paraget.ru/ Public transport arrival tracking service ] {{in lang|ru}}

{{Sverdlovsk Oblast}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Yekaterinburg| ]]
[[Category:Yekaterinburgsky Uyezd]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1723]]
[[Category:History of Ural]]
[[Category:1723 establishments in the Russian Empire]]