View source for Yeung Sum

{{Short description|Hong Kong politician and academic}}
{{EngvarB|date=June 2015}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{BLP sources|date=January 2013}}
{{No footnotes|date=January 2013}}
}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}
{{family name hatnote|Yeung|lang=Chinese}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Yeung Sum
| native_name         = {{nobold|楊森}}
| native_name_lang    = zh-hk
| honorific-suffix    = 
| image               = Yeung Sum in 2015.jpg
| imagesize           = 180px
| caption             = Yeung Sum in 2015
| office              = Member of the [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong|Legislative Council]]
| term_start          = 1 October 1998
| term_end            = 30 September 2008
| predecessor         = 
| successor           = [[Kam Nai-wai]]
| term_start1         = 1 October 1991
| term_end1           = 30 June 1997
| office2             = Chairman of [[Democratic Party (Hong Kong)|Democratic Party]]
| term_start2         = 2 December 2002
| term_end2           = 12 December 2004
| predecessor2        = [[Martin Lee]]
| successor2          = [[Lee Wing-tat]]
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1947|11|22}}
| birth_place         = [[Guangzhou]], [[Guangdong]], [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|China]]
| party               = [[Meeting Point]] {{small|(1983–94)}}<br />[[United Democrats of Hong Kong|United Democrats]] {{small|(1990–94)}}<br />[[Democratic Party (Hong Kong)|Democratic]] {{small|(1994–present)}}
| alma_mater          = [[University of Hong Kong]]<br />[[University of York]]
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| order = 
| showflag = 
| t = 楊森
| s = 杨森
| y = Yèuhng Sām
| p = Yáng Sēn
| j = Joeng<sup>4</sup> Sam<sup>1</sup>
}}

'''Yeung Sum''' ({{zh|t=楊森}}; born 22 November 1947 in [[Guangzhou]]) is a Hong Kong politician and academic. He served several terms as a [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong|Legislative Councillor]] and was the second chairman of the [[Democratic Party (Hong Kong)|Democratic Party]] (DP), a pro-democracy political party in Hong Kong. He is a lecturer at the [[University of Hong Kong]].

==Biography==
Yeung Sum obtained his undergraduate degree at the [[University of Hong Kong]]. He was a residential member in ''St. John's College'' and became the president of its student association from 1972–1973. He gained his master's degree at the [[University of York]] in Britain before returning to earn his doctorate from the University of Hong Kong. Yeung Sum has taught at the University of Hong Kong since 1979 and has been a lecturer in the Department of Social Work and Social Administration since 1985.

When the issue of Hong Kong sovereignty after 1997 came up in 1983, Yeung and some graduates from the University of Hong Kong founded [[Meeting Point]], the first political organisation supporting Hong Kong's return to Chinese sovereignty. During the drafting of the [[Hong Kong Basic Law]], he pushed for a democratic model for Hong Kong after 1997. He was the second chairman of the group from 1988 to 1989. He also formed the [[Joint Committee on the Promotion of Democratic Government]] with liberal-minded drafters [[Martin Lee]] and [[Szeto Wah]] and became the spokesman of the committee. He was a committee member of the [[Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China]] during the [[Tiananmen protests of 1989]] and remained critical of the Chinese government after the bloody crackdown.

In 1990, he became the founding vice-chairman of the [[United Democrats of Hong Kong]], the first pro-democracy party and filled candidates in the [[1991 Hong Kong local elections|District Board elections]] and [[1991 Hong Kong municipal elections|Urban and Regional Councils elections]]. In the [[1991 Hong Kong legislative election|first Legislative Council direct election]], he was directly elected through the [[Hong Kong Island (constituency)#1991 Constituencies|Island West]] constituency. He became the vice-chairman of the [[Democratic Party (Hong Kong)|Democratic Party]] when the United Democrats and Meeting Point merged in 1994.

Yeung remained legislator until the legislature was dissolved in 1997 when Hong Kong was handed over to China. He was re-elected to the Legislative Council in the [[1998 Hong Kong legislative election|1998 LegCo election]] and remained in the LegCo until he stepped down as the second place on the party's candidate list in 2008 behind [[Kam Nai-wai]].

Yeung represented the Mainstreamers, a relatively moderate faction, within the democratic camp, and discontent with him within the Democrats led to splits within the party. When Yeung took the chairmanship from Martin Lee in 2002, legislator [[Albert Chan]] quit the party, and the following year a number of "Young Turks" left the party to join [[The Frontier (Hong Kong)|The Frontier]]. In 2004, taking responsibility for recent [[2004 Hong Kong legislative election|election failures]], he announced that he would not seek another term as party chairman.<ref>{{cite book|first=Sonny Shiu-Hing|last=Lo|title=Competing Chinese Political Visions: Hong Kong vs. Beijing on Democracy|publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group|ABC-CLIO]]|isbn=978-0313365058|page=152|date=2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5ZJxDwAAQBAJ&pg=152|access-date=27 December 2020}}</ref> He has remained on the party's central committee and executive committees occasionally.

On 28 February 2020, Yeung was arrested over his involvement in a march on 31 August 2019 which was part of
[[2019–20 Hong Kong protests|protests sparked by the extradition bill]], and had been classified by police
as illegal assembly. A few hours later, he was released on bail, as were the other arrestees [[Jimmy Lai]]
and [[Lee Cheuk-yan]]. The cases were scheduled to be heard at Eastern Law Court on 5 May 2020.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3052789/hong-kong-protests-apple-daily-owner-jimmy-lai-arrested |title = Hong Kong tycoon Jimmy Lai charged over August 31 march, intimidation case|first1=Karen|last1=Zhang|first2=Alvin|last2=Lum|newspaper=[[SCMP]]|date = 28 February 2020|access-date = 16 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2020/02/28/hong-kong-police-arrest-pro-democracy-newspaper-tycoon-jimmy-lai-labour-party-vice-chair-lee-cheuk-yan/ |title = Hong Kong police arrest pro-democracy newspaper tycoon Jimmy Lai and Labour Party vice-chair Lee Cheuk-yan|first1=Rachel|last1=Wong|first2=Tom|last2=Grundy|newspaper=[[HKFP]]|date = 28 February 2020|access-date = 3 April 2020}}</ref> On 18 April, Yeung was again arrested as one of 15 Hong Kong high-profile democracy figures, on suspicion of organizing, publicizing or taking part in several unauthorized assemblies between August and October 2019 in the course of the anti-extradition bill protests. Following protocol, the police statement did not disclose the names of the accused.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/18/world/asia/hong-kong-arrests.html |title = Amid Pandemic, Hong Kong Arrests Major Pro-Democracy Figures|first1=Elaine|last1=Yu|first2=Austin|last2=Ramzy|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date = 18 April 2020|access-date = 18 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://hongkongfp.com/2020/04/18/8-hong-kong-pro-democracy-figures-arrested-in-latest-police-round-up-party-says/ |title = 15 Hong Kong pro-democracy figures arrested in latest police round up|first=Rachel|last=Wong|newspaper=[[Hong Kong Free Press]]|date = 18 April 2020|access-date = 18 April 2020}}</ref>

On 10 June 2022, Sum, along the two other pro-democracy figures, had his [[Silver Bauhinia Star]] honour removed, and his Justice of the Peace appointment was revoked by the government due to his jail sentences related to anti extradition-bill protests.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-10 |title=Opposition veteran says 'no regrets' over loss of Hong Kong civic honours |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3181203/occupy-co-founder-benny-tai-2-other-opposition-veterans |first1=Lilian|last1=Cheng|first2=Jeffie|last2=Lam|access-date=2022-06-10 |website=South China Morning Post |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://hongkongfp.com/2022/06/10/3-hong-kong-pro-democracy-activists-have-honours-revoked-by-govt/|title=3 Hong Kong pro-democracy activists have honours revoked by gov't|first=Peter|last=Lee|work=[[Hong Kong Free Press]]|date=2022-06-10|access-date=2022-06-11}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Politics of Hong Kong]]
* [[List of graduates of University of Hong Kong]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr98-99/english/members/eys.htm Biography of Yeung Sum at the LegCo]
* [http://www.martinlee.org.hk/BiosYeungSun.html Biography of Yeung Sum at the Democratic Party]

{{s-start}}
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Lau Nai-keung]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of [[Meeting Point]]|years=1988–1989}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Anthony Cheung]]}}
{{s-new|party}}
{{s-ttl|title=Vice Chairperson of [[United Democrats of Hong Kong]]|years=1990–1994
|with=[[Albert Ho]]}}
{{s-non|reason=Merged into [[Democratic Party (Hong Kong)|Democratic Party]]}}
{{s-new|party}}
{{s-ttl|title=Vice Chairperson of [[Democratic Party (Hong Kong)|Democratic Party]]|years=1994–2000}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Lee Wing-tat]]|rows=2}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Martin Lee]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chairperson of [[Democratic Party (Hong Kong)|Democratic Party]]|years=2002–2004}}
{{s-par|hk}}
{{s-new|constituency}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Legislative Council
|district=[[Hong Kong Island (constituency)#Hong Kong Island West|Hong Kong Island West]]|years=1991–1995
|alongside=[[Huang Chen-ya]]}}
{{s-aft|after=Himself|as=Representative for Hong Kong Island South}}
{{s-bef|before=Himself|as=Representative for Hong Kong Island West}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Legislative Council
|district=[[Hong Kong Island (constituency)#Hong Kong Island South|Hong Kong Island South]]|years=1995–1997}}
{{s-non|reason=Replaced by<br />[[Provisional Legislative Council]]}}
{{s-new|seat}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Legislative Council|district=[[Hong Kong Island (constituency)|Hong Kong Island]]|years=1998–2008}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Kam Nai-wai]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{HK Democratic Party}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Yeung, Sum}}
[[Category:1947 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Alumni of St. John's College, University of Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Hong Kong democracy activists]]
[[Category:Hong Kong social scientists]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Leaders of political parties]]
[[Category:Politicians from Guangzhou]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of York]]
[[Category:Democratic Party (Hong Kong) politicians]]
[[Category:United Democrats of Hong Kong politicians]]
[[Category:Meeting Point politicians]]
[[Category:Scientists from Guangdong]]
[[Category:HK LegCo Members 1991–1995]]
[[Category:HK LegCo Members 1995–1997]]
[[Category:HK LegCo Members 1998–2000]]
[[Category:HK LegCo Members 2000–2004]]
[[Category:HK LegCo Members 2004–2008]]
[[Category:Members of the Election Committee of Hong Kong, 2012–2017]]
[[Category:Members of the Election Committee of Hong Kong, 2017–2021]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Silver Bauhinia Star]]
[[Category:Political prisoners held by Hong Kong]]