View source for Zhangzhou

{{distinguish|Zhengzhou}}
{{Expand Chinese|topic=geo|date=August 2012}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!--See Template:Infobox Settlement for additional fields that may be available-->
<!-- Basic info  ---------------->
|name                   = Zhangzhou
|official_name          = 
|other_name             = Changchew
|native_name            = 漳州市
|native_name_lang = zh
|nickname               =
|settlement_type        =[[Prefecture-level city]]
|total_type             = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
|motto                  =
<!-- images and maps  ----------->
|image_skyline          = {{multiple image
| border                   = infobox
| total_width              = 290
| image_style              = border:1;
| perrow                   = 2/2/2
| image1                   = 20230202 Fishing harbour at Aojiao Village.jpg
| image2                   = 漳江畔 - Zhang Riverside - 2013.11 - panoramio.jpg
| image3                   = Zhangzhou Shi Paifang 20120225-08.jpg
| image4                   = 虎崆滴玉 - Hukong Dropping Cave - 2010.07 - panoramio.jpg
| image5                   = 乌山 - Wushan Mountain - 2013.11 - panoramio.jpg
|image6=Zhangzhou Western Yard Eco. Park (6).jpg
|caption1 =Aojiao Village
|caption2=[[Jiulong River]]
|caption3=[[Ming dynasty|Ming]]-era stone archway in [[Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou|Xiangcheng]]
|caption4=Hukong Dropping Cave in [[Dongshan County]]
|caption5=Wushan Mountain
|caption6 =West Ecological Park
}}
| image_size               = 
| image_caption            = 
|image_seal             =
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|image_map              = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=7}}
|mapsize                =
|map_caption            = Location of Zhangzhou City jurisdiction in Fujian
|image_map1             = Locator map Zhangzhou in Fujian.svg
|mapsize1               =
|map_caption1           =
|pushpin_map            = China
|pushpin_label_position = 
|pushpin_map_caption    = Location in China
|pushpin_mapsize        =
<!-- Location ------------------>
|subdivision_type       = Country
|subdivision_name       = People's Republic of China
|subdivision_type1      = [[Province of China|Province]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[Fujian]]
|seat_type              = Municipal seat
|seat                   = [[Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou|Xiangcheng District]]
|parts_type             =
|parts_style            = <!-- =list (for list), coll (for collapsed list), para (for paragraph format)
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|parts                  = <!-- parts text, or header for parts list -->
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|p2                     = <!-- etc. up to p50: for separate parts to be listed-->
<!-- Politics ----------------->
|government_footnotes   =
|government_type        =
|leader_title           =<!-- CPC Secretary -->
|leader_name            =
|leader_title1          =<!-- Mayor -->
|leader_name1           =
|leader_title2          =
|leader_name2           =
|leader_title3          =
|leader_name3           =
|leader_title4          =
|leader_name4           =
|established_title      =  <!-- Settled -->
|established_date       =
|established_title1     =  <!-- Incorporated (town) -->
|established_date1      =
|established_title2     = <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
|established_date2      =
|established_title3     =
|established_date3      =
|founder                =
|named_for              =
<!-- Area    --------------------->
|area_footnotes           =
|area_total_km2           = 12,882.27 <!-- ALL fields with measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion-->
|area_land_km2            = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on unit conversion-->
|area_water_km2           =
|area_water_percent       =
|area_urban_km2           = 2590.23
|area_metro_km2           = 4,290.84
|area_blank1_title        =
|area_blank1_km2          =
<!-- Elevation -------------------------->
|elevation_footnotes    =  <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
|elevation_m            =
|elevation_ft           =
|elevation_max_m            =
|elevation_max_ft           =
|elevation_min_m            =
|elevation_min_ft           =
<!-- Population   ----------------------->
|population_as_of               =2020 census
|population_footnotes           =<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/fujian/admin/|title = China: Fújiàn (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map}}</ref>
|population_note                =
|population_total               =5,054,328
|population_density_km2         =auto<!--For automatic calculation, any density field may contain: auto -->
|population_metro               =7,284,148
|population_density_metro_km2   =auto
|population_urban               =939,943
|population_density_urban_km2   =auto
| demographics_type2   = GDP<ref>{{cite book|author=福建省统计局、国家统计局福建调查总队|title=《福建统计年鉴－2021》|date=August 2021|publisher=[[China Statistics Press]]|isbn=978-7-5037-9510-7|url=http://tjj.fujian.gov.cn/tongjinianjian/dz2021/index.htm|access-date=2021-12-23|archive-date=2022-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220301202126/http://tjj.fujian.gov.cn/tongjinianjian/dz2021/index.htm}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = [[Prefecture-level city]] 
| demographics2_info1 = [[Renminbi|CN¥]] 454.6&nbsp;billion<br />[[US$]] 65.9&nbsp;billion
| demographics2_title2 = Per capita
| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 89,834<br />US$ 14,107
<!-- General information  --------------->
|timezone               = [[China Standard Time|CST]]
|utc_offset             = +8
|coor_pinpoint = Zhangzhou municipal government
|coordinates            = {{coord|24.513|N|117.647|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-35_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
|postal_code_type       = [[Postal code of China|Postal code]]
|postal_code            = 363000
|area_code              = [[Telephone numbers in China|596]]
|iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:CN|CN-FJ-06]]
|blank4_name_sec1       = [[Licence plates of the People's Republic of China|License Plate]]
|blank4_info_sec1       = {{lang|zh-cn|闽E}}
|blank5_name_sec1       = [[varieties of Chinese|Local dialect]]
|blank5_info_sec1       = [[Min Nan]]: [[Zhangzhou dialect]]
|blank6_name_sec1       =<!-- Major [[Nationalities of China|Nationalities]] -->
|blank6_info_sec1       =
|blank_name_sec2        = '''City [[tree]]s'''
|blank_info_sec2        = [[Cinnamomum camphora]]
|blank1_name_sec2       = '''City [[flower]]s'''
|blank1_info_sec2       = [[Narcissus tazetta]]
|website                = {{URL|zhangzhou.gov.cn/}}
|footnotes              = }}
{{Infobox Chinese
| pic = Zhangzhou name.png
| piccap = "Zhangzhou" in [[kaishu|regular]] Chinese characters
| picupright = 0.5
| c = {{linktext|lang=zh|漳州}}
| gr = Jangjou
| bpmf = ㄓㄤ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ㄓㄡ
| psp = Changchow
| p = Zhāngzhōu
| mi = {{IPAc-cmn|zh|ang|1|.|zh|ou|1}}
| poj = Chiang-chiu
| w = Chang¹-chou¹
| showflag = ppoj
| order = st
| tl = Tsiang-tsiu
}}

'''Zhangzhou''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|dʒ|æ|ŋ|ˈ|dʒ|oʊ}}, {{IPA|cmn|ʈʂaŋ.ʈʂóʊ|lang}}) is a [[prefecture-level city]] in [[Fujian]] [[provinces of China|Province]], China. The [[Prefecture-level divisions of China|prefecture]] around the city proper comprises the southeast corner of the province, facing the [[Taiwan Strait]] and (with [[Quanzhou]]) surrounding the prefecture of [[Xiamen]].

=={{anchor|Names|Etymology}}Name==
Zhangzhou is the [[Chinese tones|atonal]] [[pinyin]] [[romanization of Chinese|romanization]] of the city's [[Chinese language|Chinese]] name {{lang|zh|{{linktext|漳州}}}}, using its pronunciation in [[Standard Mandarin]].<ref>[https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/zhangzhou "Zhangzhou"]. ''[[Collins English Dictionary]]''.</ref> The name derives from the city's former status as the seat of the [[imperial China|imperial Chinese]] [[Zhang Prefecture]]. The same name was romanized as '''Changchow''' on the [[Chinese Postal Map]] and {{nowrap|'''Chang-chou'''}} in [[Wade-Giles]]. Other romanizations include Chang-chow.<ref name=Chang-chow>{{cite EB9 |mode=cs2 |wstitle=Chang-chow |volume=5 |page=391}}</ref>

It also appears as Chang-chu,<ref name=amoy>{{cite EB9 |mode=cs2 |wstitle=Amoy |volume=1 |page=748}}.
</ref> Changchew, Chiang-chew, Chiang-Chew, Chiang Chew, Chiochiu,<ref name=":Van der Loon">{{Cite journal |last=Van der Loon |first=Piet |date=1967 |title=The Manila Incunabula and Early Hokkien Studies, Part 2 |url=http://www2.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/file/1745sWSSKnQ.pdf |journal=Asia Major |series=New Series |language=en |volume=13 |pages=95–186 |archive-date=2021-02-25 |access-date=2024-06-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225121102/http://www2.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/file/1745sWSSKnQ.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Chanchiu,<ref name=":Van der Loon" /> Changchiu<ref name=":Van der Loon" /> from the city's local [[Zhangzhou dialects|Zhangzhou dialect]] pronunciation of [[Hokkien]] {{lang-zh|poj=Chiang-chiu / Chioⁿ-chiu|c=漳州}}.<ref>{{cite book |last=Pitcher |first=Philip Wilson |title=Fifty Years in Amoy or A History of the Amoy Mission, China |location=New York |date=1893 |publisher=Reformed Church in America |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=K8QIAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA33 33]}}</ref> This name appeared in [[Spanish Empire|Spanish]] and [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] [[Jesuit China missions|Jesuit]] sources as ''{{lang|pt|Chincheo}}'' as well from the [[Quanzhou dialects|Quanzhou dialect]] pronunciation of [[Hokkien]] {{lang-zh|poj=Cheng-chiu|c=漳州}}, which was [[anglicization|anglicized]] as Chinchew. By the 19th century, however, Chinchew as a name had migrated and was used to refer to [[Quanzhou]], a separate port about {{convert|65|mi|sp=us}} east-northeast of central Zhangzhou.<ref name=quanzhou>{{cite EB9 |mode=cs2 |last=Yule |first=Henry |author-link=Henry Yule |wstitle=Chinchew |volume=5 |page=673}}</ref><!--"It was also formerly known as Lung-ch'i." needs characters, pinyin, citation.-->

==Geography==
Zhangzhou proper lies on the [[Bank (geography)|banks]] of the [[Jiulong River]] in southern [[Fujian]] about {{convert|35|mi}} from central Xiamen,<ref name=Chang-chow/> whose urban core has grown to form a single urbanized area with it. The prefecture of Zhangzhou comprises the southeastern corner of the province, surrounding [[Xiamen]]. The prefecture of [[Quanzhou]] lies to its northeast, [[Longyan]] to its northwest, and [[Shantou]] in [[Guangdong]] to its southwest.

===Climate===
Zhangzhou has a [[monsoon]]-influenced [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa''), with mild to warm winters and long, very hot and humid summers. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from {{convert|13.2|°C|1}} in January to {{convert|28.8|°C|1}} in July, and the annual mean is {{convert|21.3|°C|1}}. The frost-free period lasts 330 days.

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y 
|collapsed = Y
|location = Zhangzhou, elevation {{convert|57|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2000)
|Jan high C = 	18.7
|Feb high C = 	19.4
|Mar high C = 	21.7
|Apr high C = 	26.0
|May high C = 	29.2
|Jun high C = 	31.9
|Jul high C = 	34.3
|Aug high C = 	33.9
|Sep high C = 	32.2
|Oct high C = 	29.0
|Nov high C = 	25.3
|Dec high C = 	20.8
|Jan mean C = 	14.1
|Feb mean C = 	14.7
|Mar mean C = 	17.0
|Apr mean C = 	21.2
|May mean C = 	24.8
|Jun mean C = 	27.6
|Jul mean C = 	29.4
|Aug mean C = 	28.9
|Sep mean C = 	27.6
|Oct mean C = 	24.3
|Nov mean C = 	20.5
|Dec mean C = 	16.0
|Jan low C = 	11.0
|Feb low C = 	11.8
|Mar low C = 	13.9
|Apr low C = 	18.0
|May low C = 	21.8
|Jun low C = 	24.7
|Jul low C = 	26.0
|Aug low C = 	25.6
|Sep low C = 	24.3
|Oct low C = 	20.8
|Nov low C = 	17.0
|Dec low C = 	12.6
|Jan record high C = 28.8 |Jan record low C =  1.3
|Feb record high C = 30.3 |Feb record low C =  1.3
|Mar record high C = 33.7 |Mar record low C =  3.0
|Apr record high C = 35.1 |Apr record low C =  7.3
|May record high C = 37.5 |May record low C = 12.3
|Jun record high C = 37.6 |Jun record low C = 17.0
|Jul record high C = 38.6 |Jul record low C = 21.0
|Aug record high C = 38.1 |Aug record low C = 21.3
|Sep record high C = 37.1 |Sep record low C = 16.8
|Oct record high C = 34.6 |Oct record low C =  7.6
|Nov record high C = 35.2 |Nov record low C =  4.8
|Dec record high C = 29.1 |Dec record low C = -0.1
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 	46.3
|Feb precipitation mm = 	70.8
|Mar precipitation mm = 	106.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 	128.3
|May precipitation mm = 	199.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 	270.1
|Jul precipitation mm = 	198.5
|Aug precipitation mm = 	263.8
|Sep precipitation mm = 	175.5
|Oct precipitation mm = 	56.0
|Nov precipitation mm = 	42.0
|Dec precipitation mm = 	46.8
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm	
|Jan precipitation days = 	7.6
|Feb precipitation days = 	10.1
|Mar precipitation days = 	13.5
|Apr precipitation days = 	13.1
|May precipitation days = 	15.8
|Jun precipitation days = 	18.0
|Jul precipitation days = 	11.8
|Aug precipitation days = 	14.9
|Sep precipitation days = 	10.7
|Oct precipitation days = 	4.4
|Nov precipitation days = 	5.2
|Dec precipitation days = 	6.3
|year precipitation days = 	
|Jan humidity = 	72
|Feb humidity = 	75
|Mar humidity = 	76
|Apr humidity = 	76
|May humidity = 	78
|Jun humidity = 	80
|Jul humidity = 	75
|Aug humidity = 	77
|Sep humidity = 	73
|Oct humidity = 	67
|Nov humidity = 	69
|Dec humidity = 	69
|Jan sun = 	130.4
|Feb sun = 	101.5
|Mar sun = 	102.9
|Apr sun = 	118.3
|May sun = 	131.4
|Jun sun = 	147.3
|Jul sun = 	219.6
|Aug sun = 	195.6
|Sep sun = 	178.9
|Oct sun = 	182.0
|Nov sun = 	156.9
|Dec sun = 	146.8
|year sun = 	
| Jan percentsun = 	39
| Feb percentsun = 	32
| Mar percentsun = 	28
| Apr percentsun = 	31
| May percentsun = 	32
| Jun percentsun = 	36
| Jul percentsun = 	53
| Aug percentsun = 	49
| Sep percentsun = 	49
| Oct percentsun = 	51
| Nov percentsun = 	48
| Dec percentsun = 	45
| year percentsun =	
|source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=22 September 2023}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|title=Experience Template |url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =22 September 2023}}</ref>
| source 2 = Weather China<ref name = Clim>{{cite web
| url = http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101230601.shtml?
| script-title=zh:漳州 - 气象数据 -中国天气网 
| publisher = Weather China
| language = zh
| access-date = 21 November 2022}}</ref>
}}

==History==
[[File:闽南护法区.png|thumb|Map of the [[Constitution Protection Region of Southern Fujian]]]]
According to [[Odoric of Pordenone]], Zhangzhou was a prosperous city twice the size of [[Bologna]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Yule|first=Henry|title=The Travels of Friar Odoric|year=2002|page=123}}</ref>

During the early [[Qing dynasty|Qing]], Zhangzhou was the primary [[Fujian]]ese port trading with [[Portuguese Macao]] and [[Spanish Empire|Spanish]] [[Colonial Manila|Manila]]. For a time, the Portuguese maintained a [[trading factory|factory]] in the city.<ref name=quanzhou/>

During the late [[Qing dynasty|Qing]], Zhangzhou remained a center of [[Chinese silk|silk]], [[brick]], and [[sugar in China|sugar]] production with about a million people and extensive internal and maritime trade. Its [[Chinese city walls|city wall]] had a circumference of about {{convert|4.5|mi|sp=us}} but included a good deal of open ground and farmland. Its streets were paved with [[granite]] but badly maintained. The {{convert|800|ft|sp=us|adj=on}} bridge across the [[Jiulong River]] consisted of wooden planks laid between 25 piles of stones at roughly equal intervals.<ref name=Chang-chow/> The port of [[Xiamen]] in [[Xiamen Island|an island]] at the mouth of the Jiulong principally functioned as a trading center for the produce and wares of Zhangzhou and its hinterland;<ref name=amoy/> both suffered economically when Indian tea plantations cratered demand for Fujianese tea in the late 19th century.<ref>{{cite EB1911 |mode=cs2 |wstitle=Amoy |ref={{harvid|''EB''|1911}} |volume=1 |page=878 }}.</ref>

From 1918 to 1920, [[Chen Jiongming]] established the [[Anarchism|anarchist]] [[Constitution Protection Region of Southern Fujian]] with Zhangzhou as its capital.<ref>[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/leslie-h-chen-chen-jiongming Chen Jiongming Anarchism and the Federalist State]</ref>

The old city of Zhangzhou (now [[Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou|Xiangcheng District]]) was occupied in April and May 1932 by a column of [[Chinese Soviet Republic|Communist guerrillas]] under [[Mao Zedong]]. Due to the presence of Western [[gunboat]]s in [[Xiamen Bay]], arms shipments from the [[Soviet Union]] were unable to get up the [[Jiulong River]] to Mao's forces and the main Communist bases. Discovering this, Mao retreated from the city, according to some accounts with a substantial amount of loot taken from its residents.<ref>{{citation |last=Zhang |first=Rong |author-mask=Zhang Rong |author2=Jung Chang |display-authors=1 |title=[[Mao: The Unknown Story]] |date=2005 |page=117 }}.</ref>

==Administrative divisions==
Zhangzhou comprises 4 [[district of China|urban districts]], and 7 [[County (People's Republic of China)|counties]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Zhangzhou Government |title=Approaching Zhangzhou |url=http://www.zhangzhou.gov.cn/cms/html/zzsrmzf/zjzz/index.html |publisher=Zhangzhou Government |archive-date=2024-12-01 |access-date=2024-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241201000455/https://www.zhangzhou.gov.cn/cms/html/zzsrmzf/zjzz/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

#[[Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou|Xiangcheng District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|芗城区}})
#[[Longwen District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|龙文区}})
#[[Longhai District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|龙海区}})
#[[Changtai District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|长泰区}})
#[[Dongshan County]] ({{lang|zh-hans|东山县}})
#[[Hua'an County]] ({{lang|zh-hans|华安县}})
#[[Nanjing County]] ({{lang|zh-hans|南靖县}})
#[[Pinghe County]] ({{lang|zh-hans|平和县}})
#[[Yunxiao County]] ({{lang|zh-hans|云霄县}})
#[[Zhangpu County]] ({{lang|zh-hans|漳浦县}})
#[[Zhao'an County]] ({{lang|zh-hans|诏安县}})

{| class="wikitable"
! Map
|-
| align="center| <div style="position: relative" class="center">
{{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Zhangzhou prfc map.png|width=484|link=}}
{{Image label|x=420|y=440|scale=484/880|text=[[Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou|<span style="font-size:smaller">'''Xiangcheng'''</span>]]}}
{{Image label|x=510|y=485|scale=484/880|text=[[Longwen District|<span style="font-size:smaller">'''Longwen'''</span>]]}}
{{Image label|x=565|y=550|scale=484/880|text=[[Longhai District|'''Longhai''']]}}
{{Image label|x=570|y=350|scale=484/880|text=[[Changtai District|'''Changtai''']]}}
{{Image label|x=260|y=880|scale=484/880|text=[[Yunxiao County|'''Yunxiao<br>County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=500|y=760|scale=484/880|text=[[Zhangpu County|'''Zhangpu<br>County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=130|y=970|scale=484/880|text=[[Zhao'an County|'''Zhao'an<br>County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=320|y=1065|scale=484/880|text=[[Dongshan County|'''Dongshan<br>County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=240|y=410|scale=484/880|text=[[Nanjing County|'''Nanjing<br>County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=190|y=640|scale=484/880|text=[[Pinghe County|'''Pinghe<br>County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=370|y=240|scale=484/880|text=[[Hua'an County|'''Hua'an<br>County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=800|y=770|scale=484/880|text=[[Dongding Island|''{{small|Dongding Island}}'']]<br><span style="font-size: smaller">'''Note: Kinmen County, ROC (Taiwan)<br>is claimed by the PRC.'''</span>}}
{{Image label end}}
</div>
|}

==Demographics==
During the [[2020 Chinese census]], the entire area of Zhangzhou was home to 5,054,328 inhabitants. Along with the 2,120,178 people of central Xiamen, its [[District of the People's Republic of China|urban districts]] of [[Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou|Xiangcheng]], [[Longwen]], [[Longhai District|Longhai]] and [[Changtai]], form a single metropolitan area of about 7,284,148 people.
{{main|Zhangzhou dialect}}
The main language of the Zhangzhou Hokkiens is the [[Zhangzhou dialect|local dialect]] of [[Hokkien|Min Nan]], part of the [[Southern Min]] branch of [[Min Chinese]]. {{citation needed span|Government, education, and official business, however, are carried out in [[Standard Mandarin|Mandarin]].|date=June 2019|reason=citation needed}}

Hakka is also spoken in the rural peasant area of Zhangzhou in the west and south.

==Economy==
{{Expand section|date=July 2016}}
[[Babao seal paste]] was invented by the druggist Wei Changan as a [[traditional Chinese medicine|traditional medicine]] in 1673. It was repurposed for artistic use a few years later and gained imperial favor under the [[Qianlong Emperor]]. It remains prized for its bright color and pleasant smell.

A major petrochemical plant, producing [[paraxylene]], owned by Taiwan-based [[Xianglu Group]] is located in Zhangzhou's [[Gulei]] Peninsula. The plant suffered major fires in 2013 and 2015.<ref>{{cite web |title=A contentious chemical plant in China has exploded for the second time in two years |date=2015-04-07 |website=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820070626/https://qz.com/377929/a-contentious-chemical-plant-in-china-has-exploded-for-the-second-time-in-two-years/ |archive-date=2022-08-20 |url-status=live |url=http://qz.com/377929/a-contentious-chemical-plant-in-china-has-exploded-for-the-second-time-in-two-years/}}</ref>

==Transportation==
Two passenger stations serve Zhangzhou:
* [[Zhangzhou East Railway Station]] on the older [[Yingtan–Xiamen Railway]], northeast of the city;
* [[Zhangzhou Railway Station]], the junction of the high-speed [[Xiamen–Shenzhen Railway]] and [[Longyan–Xiamen Railway]], opened in 2012, south of the city.

==Education==
{{Expand section|date=July 2016}}
*[[Minnan Normal University]]
*[[Tenfu Tea College]]
*[[Zhangzhou College of Science and Technology]]

==Notable residents==
* [[Chen Yuanguang]] (657–711), a leader of the movement to [[sinification|sinicize]] Fujian and northern Guangdong.
* [[Khaw Soo Cheang]] (1786–1882), merchant and governor of a Thai province.
* [[Lin Yutang|Lim Gu Tong]] (1895–1976), international author, cultural ambassador and inventor.
* [[Fang Zhouzi]] (1967), science writer.

==Sister city ==
Zhangzhou is [[Sister city|twinned]] with the following regions, cities and towns:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fjfao.gov.cn/index/noDateCategory?id=51 |title=福建省与国外友城关系一览表 |accessdate=2009-09-07 |publisher=福建省人民政府外事办公室 |language=zh-hans |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080316044036/http://www.fjfao.gov.cn/index/noDateCategory?id=51 |archivedate=2008-03-16 }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IDN}} [[Palembang]], [[South Sumatra]] (since 2002)<ref>{{cite news|title=南苏门答腊省概况|url=http://medan.china-consulate.org/chn/lqgk/NSMDL/t875996.htm|access-date=17 December 2020|language=zh}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Isahaya, Nagasaki|Isahaya]], [[Nagasaki]]
* {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Date, Hokkaido|Date]], [[Iburi Subprefecture]]
* {{flagdeco|HUN}} [[Gödöllő]], [[Pest County]]
* {{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Wageningen]], [[Gelderland]]
* {{flagicon|United States}} [[Honolulu]], [[Hawaii]]

==See also==
* [[List of twin towns and sister cities in China]]
* [[Yuegang]], important seaport during [[Ming]] and [[Ming-Qing transition]] in modern Zhangzhou and Xiamen

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Zhangzhou}}
{{Wiktionary|Zhangzhou|Chang-chou|Chiangchew}}
*[http://www.zhangzhou.gov.cn Official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411152754/http://www.zhangzhou.gov.cn/ |date=2008-04-11 }} {{in lang|zh}}
*[http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/china_city_plans/txu-oclc-6565961.jpg Historic US Army map of Zhangzhou, 1945]

{{Fujian topics}}
{{Fujian}}
{{Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Zhangzhou| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Fujian]]
[[Category:Prefecture-level divisions of Fujian]]
[[Category:National Civilized City]]
[[Category:National Famous Historical and Cultural City]]