https://wiki.sarg.dev/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Gholam_Serwar_NasherGholam Serwar Nasher - Revision history2026-06-12T18:10:42ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.44.2https://wiki.sarg.dev/index.php?title=Gholam_Serwar_Nasher&diff=654103&oldid=previmported>Derim Hunt at 19:40, 19 April 20252025-04-19T19:40:25Z<p></p>
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'''Gholam Serwar Nasher''' (also known as '''Ghulam Sarwar Nashir'''; 1922–1984) was the last ruling [[Khan (title)|Khan]] of the [[Nashir clan|Nashir]] and [[President (corporate title)|President]] of [[Spinzar Cotton Company]] in [[Kunduz]], the most profitable company and one of the largest companies in pre-war [[Afghanistan]].<br />
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== Life ==<br />
Nashir was born in Qarabagh, Afghanistan to Mohammad Alam Khan Nasher, brother to [[Sher Khan Nashir|Sher Khan Nasher]], to an ethnic [[Pashtun people|Pashtun]] Ghilzai family of Khans.<br />
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Nashir led the Spinzar Cotton Company in Kunduz, exporting cotton overseas, producing cotton seed oil, soap and porcelain. He built hotels under the Spinzar brand in Kunduz, Kabul and other northern cities, employing over 20,000 people including woman working in the porcelain factory.<ref name="spiegel.de">[http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/power-plays-in-afghanistan-laying-the-groundwork-for-civil-war-a-801820-2.html Reuter, Christoph: Power Plays in Afghanistan: Laying the Groundwork for Civil War, 49/2011 (5 December 2011) of DER SPIEGEL]</ref> He opened factories in the north, providing free housing for the employees, hospital, the only girls school in the city of Kunduz, sport clubs, and hotels.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=World Bank|date=1977|title=Industrial Sector Review of Afghanistan|url=http://documents.banquemondiale.org/curated/fr/497941468197994830/pdf/multi0page.pdf|journal=Internal Document|page=41}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Fischer|first=Ludolph|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ER30BgAAQBAJ&q=spinzar&pg=PA25|title=Afghanistan: Eine geographisch-medizinische Landeskunde / A Geomedical Monograph|date=11 November 2013|publisher=Springer-Verlag|isbn=978-3-642-85510-8|language=de}}</ref> Nashir founded the ''Nashir Library and Museum''. <br />
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During his khanat, [[Kunduz province|Kunduz]] become the richest [[Provinces of Afghanistan|province]] of the pre-war country, Spinzar being Afghanistan's most profitable company.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Barfield|first=Thomas J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=usKgVnMJMXUC&q=spinzar&pg=PA140|title=The Central Asian Arabs of Afghanistan: Pastoral Nomadism in Transition|date=1981|publisher=Thomas Barfield|isbn=978-0-292-71066-5|language=en}}</ref><br />
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Nashir was awarded "The Order of the Golden House" by King [[Zahir Shah]] and "The Order of the Sacred Treasure" by the Emperor of Japan, in 1971.<br />
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==Death==<br />
He died in exile in West Germany in 1984 at the age of 62. He was survived by two wives, nine children and eight grandchildren.{{cn|date=December 2022}}<br />
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=== Discovery of Ai-Khanoum ===<br />
On a hunting trip, Nashir discovered ancient artefacts of Ai Khanom and invited Princeton-archaeologist [[Daniel Schlumberger]] with his team to examine [[Ai-Khanoum]].<ref>Bernard, Paul: Aï Khanoum en Afghanistan hier (1964-1978) et aujourd'hui (2001), p. 971 www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/crai_0065-0536_2001_num_145_2_16315?_Prescripts_Search_tabs1=standard&</ref> It was soon found to be a major city of the [[Greco-Bactrian kingdom]] and was extensively studied before the outbreak of the [[Soviet-Afghan War]] in 1979, during which it was comprehensively looted. Artefacts from the ruins have been exhibited worldwide.<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==Further reading==<br />
{{Incomplete|the works/publications listed below|date=December 2022}}<br />
*Dupree, Louis: Afghanistan<br />
*Emadi, Hafizullah: Dynamics of Political Development in Afghanistan. The British, Russian, and American Invasions<br />
*Meher, Jagmohan: Afghanistan: Dynamics of Survival<br />
*Runion, Meredith L.: The History of Afghanistan<br />
*Tanwir, Halim M.: AFGHANISTAN: History, Diplomacy and Journalism<br />
*An Introduction to the Commercial Law of Afghanistan, Second Edition, Afghanistan Legal Education Project (ALEP) at Stanford Law School<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Nasher, Gholam Serwar}}<br />
[[Category:Afghan businesspeople]]<br />
[[Category:Afghan expatriates in Germany]]<br />
[[Category:Pashtun people]]<br />
[[Category:People from Kunduz Province]]<br />
[[Category:1922 births]]<br />
[[Category:1984 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century businesspeople]]</div>imported>Derim Hunt