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{{About|the city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan|the surname|Nishio (surname)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement

| name = Nishio
| official_name =
| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|ja|西尾市}}}}
| native_name_lang = ja
| settlement_type = [[Cities of Japan|City]]

| image_skyline = [[File:NIshio-Castle-4.jpg|300px]]<br />[[File:NishioCitySkyLine01.jpg|300px]]
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Upper：[[Nishio Castle]]<br />Lower：[[Skyline]] of Nishio
| image_flag = Flag of Nishio, Aichi.svg
| flag_alt =
| image_seal =
| seal_alt =
| image_shield =
| shield_alt =
| image_blank_emblem = Emblem of Nishio, Aichi.svg
| blank_emblem_type = Emblem
| nickname =
| motto =

| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|
plain=yes|frame-width=265|frame-align=center|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=8}}
| image_map1 = Nishio in Aichi Prefecture Ja.svg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of Nishio in Aichi Prefecture
| pushpin_map = Japan
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =  
| coordinates = {{coord|34|49|48|N|137|04|11|E|region:JP|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint = 
| coordinates_footnotes = 

| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = [[Japan]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[List of regions of Japan|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Chūbu region|Chūbu]] ([[Tōkai region|Tōkai]])
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Aichi Prefecture|Aichi]]
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name3 =

| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =

| seat_type = 
| seat =

| government_footnotes = 
| leader_party =
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Ken Nakamura (since 2017)
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 = 

| total_type = 
| unit_pref = 

| area_magnitude = 
| area_footnotes = 
| area_total_km2 = 161.22
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_percent =
| area_note =

| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m =

| population_footnotes = 
| population_total = 169984
| population_as_of = October 1, 2019
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_est =
| pop_est_as_of =
| population_demonym = 
| population_note =

| timezone1 = [[Japan Standard Time]]
| utc_offset1 = +9
| timezone1_DST =
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| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
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| blank_name_sec1 = City Symbols
| blank1_name_sec1 = - Tree
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Cinnamomum camphora|Camphor laurel]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = - Flower
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Rose]]
| blank3_name_sec1 =
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| blank6_name_sec1 =
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| blank7_name_sec1 =
| blank7_info_sec1 =

| blank_name_sec2 = Phone number
| blank_info_sec2 = 0563-56-2111
| blank1_name_sec2 = Address
| blank1_info_sec2 = 22 Yorizumichō Shimoda, Nishio-shi, Aichi-ken 445-8501

| website = {{official website|www.city.nishio.aichi.jp}}
| footnotes =
}}

{{nihongo|'''Nishio'''|西尾市|Nishio-shi}} is a [[Cities of Japan|city]] located in [[Aichi Prefecture]], in the [[Chūbu region]] of [[Japan]]. {{As of|2019|10|01}}, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 169,984 in 65,553 households,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.city.nishio.aichi.jp/index.html|title=西尾市公式ウェブサイト|website=City.nishio.aichi.jp|access-date=December 1, 2021}}</ref> with a [[population density]] of 1,054 persons per km<sup>2</sup>. The total area of the city was {{convert|160.22|sqkm|sqmi}}. It is a regional commercial and manufacturing center and the country's leading producer of powdered [[green tea]].

==Geography==
Nishio is situated on the northern coast of [[Mikawa Bay]] on the [[Pacific Ocean]] in southern Aichi Prefecture. The city lies along the eastern bank of the Yahagi River. Sheltered by [[Chita Peninsula]] and [[Atsumi Peninsula]], the local climate is mild. Parts of the city lie within the borders of the [[Mikawa Wan Quasi-National Park]]

===Climate===
The city has a climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and relatively mild winters ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Cfa''). The average annual temperature in Nishio is 15.7 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1596 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.3 °C, and lowest in January, at around 4.5 °C.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/japan/aichi/nishio-4890/|title=Nishio climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Nishio weather averages|website=En.climate-data.org|access-date=December 1, 2021}}</ref> [[Gamagōri, Aichi]] is the closest point that records statistical climate information.
{{Weather box
|width=auto
|collapsed = yes
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|location = Gamagōri, Aichi (1971–2000)
|Jan high C = 9.2
|Feb high C = 9.7
|Mar high C = 13.2
|Apr high C = 18.5
|May high C = 22.7
|Jun high C = 25.5
|Jul high C = 29.2
|Aug high C = 30.9
|Sep high C = 27.4
|Oct high C = 22.2
|Nov high C = 17.1
|Dec high C = 11.9
|year high C = 19.8
|Jan mean C = 5.3
|Feb mean C = 5.5
|Mar mean C = 8.9
|Apr mean C = 14.2
|May mean C = 18.5
|Jun mean C = 21.9
|Jul mean C = 25.5
|Aug mean C = 26.9
|Sep mean C = 23.6
|Oct mean C = 18.3
|Nov mean C = 13.1
|Dec mean C = 8.0
|year mean C = 15.8
|Jan low C = 2.0
|Feb low C = 1.9
|Mar low C = 4.9
|Apr low C = 10.1
|May low C = 14.7
|Jun low C = 18.8
|Jul low C = 22.6
|Aug low C = 23.8
|Sep low C = 20.7
|Oct low C = 14.9
|Nov low C = 9.6
|Dec low C = 4.5
|year low C = 12.4
|Jan precipitation mm = 47.9
|Feb precipitation mm = 59.2
|Mar precipitation mm = 135.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 149.5
|May precipitation mm = 178.7
|Jun precipitation mm = 231.5
|Jul precipitation mm = 175.3
|Aug precipitation mm = 157.5
|Sep precipitation mm = 257.2
|Oct precipitation mm = 127.8
|Nov precipitation mm = 93.0
|Dec precipitation mm = 38.9
|year precipitation mm = 1649.8
|Jan sun = 169.3
|Feb sun = 173.6
|Mar sun = 192.9
|Apr sun = 196.4
|May sun = 190.9
|Jun sun = 137.0
|Jul sun = 163.9
|Aug sun = 215.4
|Sep sun = 150.4
|Oct sun = 168.3
|Nov sun = 169.2
|Dec sun = 183.9
|year sun = 2110.7
|source 1 = <ref name =datajma>{{cite web|url = http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_amd_ym.php?prec_no=51&prec_ch=%88%A4%92m%8C%A7&block_no=1344&block_ch=%8A%97%8CS&year=&month=&day=&elm=normal&view= | title = 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）蒲郡|website=Data.jma.go.jp|access-date=July 22, 2010}}</ref>
|date=August 2010
}}

===Demographics===
Per Japanese census data,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/japan/aichi/|title=Aichi (Japan): Prefecture, Cities, Towns and Villages - Population Statistics, Charts and Map|website=Citypopulation.de|access-date=December 1, 2021}}</ref> the population of Nishio has been increased steadily over the past 70 years.
{{Historical populations
| 1950 | 121,300
| 1960 | 122,726
| 1970 | 130,913
| 1980 | 146,010
| 1990 | 155,559
| 2000 | 159,788
| 2010 | 165,298|align = none
| footnote =
|2020|169,046}}

===Surrounding municipalities===
;{{flagicon|Aichi}}[[Aichi prefecture]]
*[[Anjō, Aichi|Anjō]]
*[[Gamagōri, Aichi|Gamagōri]]
*[[Hekinan, Aichi|Hekinan]]
*[[Kōta, Aichi|Kōta]]
*[[Okazaki, Aichi|Okazaki]]

{{geographic Location (8-way)|width=auto
|Northwest = [[Takahama, Aichi|Takahama]]
|North = [[Anjō, Aichi|Anjō]]
|Northeast = [[Okazaki, Aichi|Okazaki]]
|West = [[Hekinan, Aichi|Hekinan]]
|Center = Nishio
|South = [[Mikawa Bay]]
|Southwest = [[Mikawa Bay]]
|Southeast = [[Gamagōri, Aichi|Gamagōri]]
|East = [[Kōta, Aichi|Kōta]]
|}}

==History==
[[File:Ufo-ji Temple and Junkai-machi street.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Nishio Castle]] [[Jōkamachi]] (Junkaimachi Town)]]

===Origin===
The Mikawa area has been inhabited since prehistoric times, as attested by finds of pottery shards from the [[Jōmon period]] and the megalithic [[Kofun]] tomb in Kira, the oldest in the [[Mikawa Province]].

===Ancient history===
The fertile plains along the [[Yahagi River]] have been used for rice-farming as well as the production of tea and cotton since ancient times. [[Midden|Shell mounds]] dating to the late [[Japanese Paleolithic]] period which have been found in what is today the town center also point to fish and seafood as important early local produce.

In Hazu, a shrine from the [[Nara period]] is evidence of an early cultural connection to the Japanese capital at the time.
The soil around Nishio is rich in [[mica]] deposits, which was already mined in the [[Nara period]].

===Early modern period===
During the 15th century [[Sengoku period]], Nishio was the home territory for the [[Sakai clan]], based at [[Nishio Castle]].
The area eventually came under the control of the [[Tokugawa clan]], and during the [[Edo period]], most of the area was ruled as the [[Nishio Domain]], a minor ''[[fudai]]'' [[han (administrative division)|feudal domain]] under the [[Tokugawa shogunate]]. The area prospered as a fishing port, and due to its location on the [[Tōkaidō (road)|Tōkaidō]] highway connecting [[Edo]] with [[Kyoto]], although the town itself suffered heavy damage due to a [[tsunami]] in the [[1707 Hōei earthquake]].

===Late modern period===
Early in the [[Meiji period]], with the establishment of the modern municipalities system, Nishio was proclaimed a village in [[Hazu District, Aichi|Hazu District]] in 1871.
Following the [[1891 Mino–Owari earthquake]], a tsunami killed over 60 people. Nishio was elevated to town status on May 1, 1906.
The town suffered damage in the [[1944 Tōnankai earthquake]], which killed 32 people, and the [[1945 Mikawa earthquake]], which killed 765.

===Contemporary history===
After the end of World War II, Nishio attracted many workers from the rural south of Japan and its population increased. In 1953, Nishio became a city with the annexation of neighboring Heisaka and Terazu towns and Fukuchi and Muroba villages; followed by Miwa and Meiji villages in 1955. In 1959, [[Typhoon Vera]] caused considerable damage to the area, with 20 people killed.

On April 1, 2011, the towns of [[Hazu, Aichi|Hazu]], [[Isshiki, Aichi|Isshiki]] and [[Kira, Aichi|Kira]] (all from [[Hazu District, Aichi|Hazu District]]) were merged into Nishio. Hazu District was dissolved as a result of this merger.

==Government==
[[File:Nishio-City-Office-1-.jpg|thumb|200px|Nishio city Hall]]
Nishio has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] city legislature of 30 members. The city contributes two members to the Aichi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Aichi District 12 of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|lower house]] of the [[Diet of Japan]].

==Public services==
===Administration===
Nishio's City Hall is located in Chodacho, about half a mile to the south-east of Nishio Station. Its foreign residents section offers assistance in Chinese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish and English.

===Garbage disposal===
The Clean Center recycling plant in Kenjoda accepts all kinds of garbage, including bulky items and hazardous waste.

===Health care===
Nishio's main hospital is the Nishio Municipal Hospital in central Nishio, near Yatsuomote-yama.

==Sister cities==
===International===
;Sister city
*{{flagicon|NZL}} [[Porirua]], [[New Zealand]], since December 15, 1993<ref name=International>{{cite web|url=http://www.clair.or.jp/cgi-bin/simai/e/03.cgi?p=23&n=Aichi%20Prefecture|title=International Exchange|work=List of Affiliation Partners within Prefectures|publisher=Council of Local Authorities for International Relations (CLAIR)|access-date=November 21, 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151224052656/http://www.clair.or.jp/cgi-bin/simai/e/03.cgi?p=23&n=Aichi%20Prefecture|archive-date=December 24, 2015}}</ref>

===National===
;Friendship city
*{{flagicon|Fukui}} [[Echizen, Fukui (town)|Echizen]], [[Fukui Prefecture]], since 2000
*{{flagicon|Gifu}} [[Ena, Gifu|Ena]], [[Gifu Prefecture]], since 1998
*{{flagicon|Yamagata}} [[Yonezawa, Yamagata|Yonezawa]], [[Yamagata Prefecture]], since December 15, 2013

==Economy==
===Primary sector of the economy===
====Agriculture====
Nishio is a regional commercial center and fishing port, with a mixed economy of light manufacturing and agriculture.
It is also the largest producer of powdered [[green tea]] in Japan and one of the leading producers of [[Unagi]] eels.
There is a public fish market at the fishing port in Isshiki.

===Secondary sector of the economy===
====Manufacturing====
Numerous suppliers to the Japanese automotive industry such as [[Denso]] and Aisin have production plants in and around Nishio.

====Ceramic engineering====
The soil around Nishio is rich in [[mica]] deposits, which was already mined in the [[Nara period]]. [[Yatsuomote ware]] is a type of [[Japanese pottery]] made at a [[kiln]] at the southern foot of Mount Yatsuomote (八ツ面山).

==Education==
===Schools===
The city has 26 public elementary schools and 10 public junior high schools operated by the city government and five public high schools operated by the Aichi Prefectural Board of Education.
Public libraries and community centers are maintained in central Nishio, Hazu, Isshiki, Kira and Terazu.

The Nishio International Association offers Japanese language classes as well as instruction in foreign languages; most of these are held at the Fukushi (Welfare) Center in Hananoki-Cho.

==Transportation==
[[File:Hadzu Nishio Town km zero.JPG|thumb|200px|The [[Kilometre Zero]] of Nishio]]

===Railways===
====Conventional lines====
;[[File:Meitetsu logomark 2.svg|20px]] [[Meitetsu]]
*[[Meitetsu Nishio Line]]: - {{STN|Yonezu|x}} - {{STN|Sakuramachi-mae|x}} - {{STN|Nishioguchi|x}} - {{STN|Nishio|x}} - {{STN|Fukuchi|x}} - {{STN|Kami-Yokosuka|x}} - {{STN|Kira-Yoshida|x}}
:connects the city with [[Nagoya]] to the north, via Shin Anjo.
*[[Meitetsu Gamagōri Line]]: {{STN|Kira-Yoshida|x}} - {{STN|Mikawa-Toba|x}} - {{STN|Nishi-Hazu|x}} - {{STN|Higashi-Hazu|x}} - {{STN|Kodomonokuni|x|Aichi}} -
:links Nishio with Gamagōri. Local stations in this direction are

===Roads===
====Japan National Route====
*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|23}}
*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|247}}

===Seaways===
====Seaports====
*Mikawa Issiki Port
<gallery>
File:MT-Nishio Station-EastGate.jpg|[[Nishio Station]]
File:道の駅にしお岡ノ山.jpg|Road Station Nishio Okanoyama ([[Japan National Route 23]])
File:Mikawa Isshiki Port ac.jpg|Mikawa Isshiki Port
</gallery>

==Local attractions==
Nishio's sightseeing highlight is Ushitora Yagura Castle Keep in the downtown Yamashita-cho area. It features a full reconstruction of the wooden central tower, gates and central compound of [[Nishio Castle]], built by the [[Matsudaira clan]] in 1221 and used until 1601.

[[Yatsuomote ware]] is a type of [[Japanese pottery]] started around 1825 by Katō Hachiemon (加藤八右衛門) when he opened his [[kiln]] at the southern foot of Mount Yatsuomote (八ツ面山). The soil around Nishio is rich in [[mica]] deposits, which was already mined in the [[Nara period]]. After an incident at Mount Yatsuomote a small bell was offered to soothe the ''[[kami]]''. Katō Kumazō started a local tradition where small ceramic [[zodiac]] [[bell]]s (きらら鈴) were made out of local mica kneaded into the [[clay]], and after burning in the kiln the bell would make a pleasing sound when rung.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pref.aichi.jp/sangyoshinko/densan/416.html|title=きらら鈴 | 愛知県|website=Pref.aichi.jp|access-date=December 1, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%81%8D%E3%82%89%E3%82%89%E9%88%B4-2101932|title=きらら鈴とは|website=Kotobank.jp|access-date=December 1, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nishio.mypl.net/article/neta-fresh_nishio/32014|title=「きらら鈴」を受け継ごうとする"お母さん"たちがいます | 旬な地元ネタ!!| まいぷれ[西尾・碧南・高浜]|website=Nishio.mypl.net|access-date=December 1, 2021}}</ref>

===Landmarks===
* Hirahara Waterfall and nature-trail, located in Hirahara-cho
* Kira Waikiki Beach: A series of sheltered sandy coves, open for bathing and watersports from June to September
* Sakushima: A small inhabited island with many traditional wooden buildings in Mikawa Bay, popular for fishing trips. Can be reached by ferry from Isshiki Harbor
* Mount Sangane, a spectacular forested mountain range overlooking Mikawa Bay, suitable for hiking and bird-watching
* Mount Yatsuomote, a hillside park in central Nishio, offering a good view of the surrounding cities, mountains and waterfront
<gallery>
File:Kirawaikikibeach.jpg|Kira Waikiki Beach
File:Sakushima5.jpg|Installation Ohirune House in Sakushima
File:Sakushima1.jpg|View of a street in Sakushima
File:View from the top of Mt Sangane, Higashi-Hazu-cho Nishio city 2013.JPG|Mount Sangane skyline
File:Yatsuomoteyama01.jpg|Aerial view of Mount Yatsuomote
</gallery>

===Tourist attraction===
;Historic sites
*Iwase Bunko Library
*Konren-ji
*[[Nishio Castle]]
*[[Shōbōji Kofun]], a National Historic Site

;Parks
*Aichi Children Country
<gallery>
File:Nishio Castle.jpg|[[Nishio Castle]]
File:Konrenji.jpg|Konren-ji
File:160227 Whole view of Shoboji Kofun.jpg|Shōbōji Kofun
File:Iwase Bunko Library old book storage ac.jpg|Iwase Bunko Library
File:Aichi-Kodomonokuni Yūhigaoka.JPG|Aichi Children Country
</gallery>

=== Museums ===
The '''Nishio City Museum''' is located on the grounds of Nishio Castle. It has an extensive collection of items relating to local history and culture, dating from the ancient [[Jōmon period]] to the late [[Edo period]].

The '''Iwase Bunko Library''', next to the city library, is home to a collection of more than 80.000 rare books and ancient Buddhist manuscripts. It features an exposition hall and rooms for study and reading.

The '''Culture Center''' in Yamashita-cho provides a venue for concerts, theatre performances, exhibitions and lectures.

==Culture==
===Festivals===
[[File:Mikawa Isshiki Lantern Festival.jpg|thumb|200px|Isshiki Lantern Festival]]
[[File:鳥羽の火祭り (愛知県幡豆郡幡豆町鳥羽) - Panoramio 41920859.jpg|thumb|200px|Toba Fire Festival]]
A number of popular events and festivals are held in Nishio, most of them during the summer months.

*'''Toba Fire Festival''': On the 2nd Sunday in February two teams of local men from Hazu and Kira vie to pull bamboo poles from a huge bonfire, a traditional rite meant to ensure a good harvest.
*'''Nishio Gion Festival''': On the third weekend of July, a few days before the beginning of the school's summer holidays, Nishio celebrates a two-day city festival in the downtown Honmachi area, the main attraction of Nishio's festival season. Groups of residents parade through the streets performing choreographed dances called “odorocha” and yatai stalls sell sweets and snacks.
*'''Yonezu River Fireworks Festival''': On August 15, more than 3000 fireworks are set off alongside the river near Yonezu Bridge, one of the most extravagant displays of pyrotechnics in the region.
:Smaller local fireworks festivals are also held in Kira and Hazu in the month of August.
*'''Isshiki Lantern Festival''': On August 26 and 27, large paper lanterns are on display amid food stalls selling local [[Unagi]] eel and other treats.
*'''Hawaiian Festival''': At the end of August, Hawaiian and local groups perform traditional Polynesian dances on a stage at Kira Waikiki Beach.

===Sports===
'''White Wave''' sports center in Nishio Hazu Fureai Square features a 25m lap-pool, wave pool, waterslides and outdoor swimming areas. It is open year-round.

Public outdoor sporting grounds are found in Nishio Park, Yatsuomote Park, Yahagi River Park, Zenmyo Community Sports Park and Furukawa Green Park. The City, Tsurushiro and Chuo gymnasiums are available for private sport clubs and host a number of minor league teams for baseball, soccer, volleyball, basketball and other sports.

The [[Denso Airybees]], a women's volleyball team playing in the [[V.League (Japan)|V.Premier League]] are based in Nishio.
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:85%;"
|-
! Sex
! Name
! competition
! League
! Home
! Sponsor
! Since
|-
| Women
! [[Denso Airybees]]
| [[Volleyball]]
| [[V.League (Japan)|V.League]] (V1)
| Nishio municipal general gymnasium
| [[Aisin]]
| 1953
|}

==Notable events==
In 2006, the city entered the ''[[Guinness Book of Records]]'' for having the largest simultaneous tea ceremony in the world at any one time with 14,718 participants. This record was later beaten by a tea party in [[Indore]], India in 2008.<ref name=reuters>{{cite news|title=India hosts world's largest tea party|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-32164020080227|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104015302/https://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-32164020080227|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 4, 2019|work=Reuters India|access-date=August 15, 2011|date=February 27, 2008}}</ref>

== Notable people ==
*[[Jitsuo Inagaki]], politician
*[[Toshio Iwai]], video game artist and musician
*[[Hitoki Iwase]], professional baseball player
*[[Oguri Jukichi]], Edo period castaway
*[[Koen Kondo]], actor
*[[Mami Koyama]], voice actress
*[[Maria Makino]], idol singer ([[Morning Musume]])
*[[Tetsuya Makita]], actor
*[[Katsuya Takasu]], plastic surgeon

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category-inline}}
*{{official website|www.city.nishio.aichi.jp}} {{in lang|ja}}

{{Aichi}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Nishio, Aichi| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Aichi Prefecture]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Japan]]

Nishio - Revision history

imported>PrimeBOT: /* Conventional lines */ Task 24: template update following a TFD