https://wiki.sarg.dev/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=OliguriaOliguria - Revision history2026-06-25T22:30:42ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.44.2https://wiki.sarg.dev/index.php?title=Oliguria&diff=663883&oldid=prev49.194.28.200 at 13:07, 21 August 20252025-08-21T13:07:03Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Medical condition of low urine output}}<br />
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| name = Oliguria<br />
| synonyms = Hypouresis<br />
| field = [[Urology]]<br />
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'''Oliguria''' or '''hypouresis''' is the low output of [[urine]]: specifically, more than 80 ml/day, but less than 400ml/day.<ref name="Boon p475">{{cite book |last=Boon |first=Nicholas A. |first2=Nicki R. |last2=Colledge |first3=Brian R. |last3=Walker |display-authors=1 |title=Davidson's Principles & Practice of Medicine |edition=20th |publisher=Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone |location=Edinburgh |year=2006 |page=475 |isbn=978-0-443-10057-4 }}</ref> The decreased output of urine may be a sign of [[dehydration]], [[kidney failure]], [[hypovolemic shock]], [[hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome|hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS)]], [[multiple organ dysfunction syndrome]], [[urinary obstruction]]/[[urinary retention]], [[diabetic ketoacidosis|diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)]], [[pre-eclampsia]], and [[urinary tract infection]]s, among other conditions.<br />
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Beyond oliguria is [[anuria]], which represents an absence of urine, clinically classified as below 80 or 100 ml/day.<ref name="Boon p475"/><br />
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The term oliguria is derived from ''oligo''-meaning "small, little," + -''uria'', from the Greek word ''ouron,'' meaning ''"''urine".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/oliguria|title=Oliguria {{!}} Origin and meaning of oliguria by Online Etymology Dictionary|last=|first=|date=|website=www.etymonline.com|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-03-02}}</ref><br />
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==Definition==<br />
Oliguria is defined as a urine output that is less than 1 mL/kg/h in infants,<ref name=klahr>{{cite journal | vauthors = Klahr S, Miller S | title = Acute oliguria | journal = N Engl J Med | volume = 338 | issue = 10 | pages = 671–5 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9486997 | doi = 10.1056/NEJM199803053381007}} [http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/338/10/671 Free Full Text] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100505133413/http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/338/10/671 |date=2010-05-05 }}.</ref> less than 0.5 mL/kg/h in children,<ref name=klahr/> and less than 400 mL<ref name=klahr/> or 500 mL<ref name=merck>[http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec06/ch063/ch063f.html Merck manuals > Oliguria] Last full review/revision March 2009 by Soumitra R. Eachempati</ref> per 24h in adults - this equals 17 or 21 mL/hour. For example, in an adult weighing 70&nbsp;kg it equals 0.24 or 0.3 mL/kg/h. Alternatively, however, the value of 0.5 mL/kg/h is commonly used to define oliguria in adults as well.<ref name=merck/><br />
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==Diagnostic approach==<br />
Perform ultrasound examination of the kidney to rule out obstructive processes.{{cn|date=April 2021}}<br />
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The mechanisms causing oliguria can be categorized globally in three different categories:{{cn|date=April 2021}}<br />
* Prerenal: in response to [[hypoperfusion]] of the kidney (e.g. as a result of [[dehydration]] by poor oral intake, [[cardiogenic shock]], [[diarrhea|diarrhoea]], [[glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency|G6PD deficiency]], massive [[bleeding]] or [[sepsis]])<br />
* Renal: due to kidney damage (severe [[hypoperfusion]], [[rhabdomyolysis]], [[medication]])<br />
* Postrenal: as a consequence of obstruction of the urine flow (e.g. [[enlarged prostate]], tumour compression urinary outflow, expanding [[hematoma]] or fluid collection)<br />
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===Postoperative oliguria===<br />
Patients usually have a decrease in urine output after a major operation that may be a normal physiological response to:{{cn|date=April 2021}}<br />
* fluid/ blood loss – decreased glomerular filtration rate secondary to hypovolemia and/or hypotension<br />
* response of adrenal cortex to stress-increase in [[aldosterone]] (Na and water retention) and [[antidiuretic hormone]] (ADH) release<br />
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==Babies==<br />
Oliguria, when defined as less than 1 mL/kg/h, in [[infant]]s is not attributed to [[kidney failure]].<ref>{{cite journal | author = Arant B | title = Postnatal development of renal function during the first year of life | journal = Pediatr Nephrol | volume = 1 | issue = 3 | pages = 308–13 | year = 1987 | pmid = 3153294 | doi = 10.1007/BF00849229| s2cid = 9166918 }}</ref><br />
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==See also==<br />
* [[Polyuria]] (excessive urine production)<br />
* [[Anuria]] (absolute lack of urine output)<br />
* Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and [[Abdominal compartment syndrome|Abdominal Compartment Syndrome]] (ACS)<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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== External links ==<br />
{{Medical resources<br />
| ICD10 = {{ICD10|R|34||r|30}}<br />
| ICD9 = {{ICD9|788.5}}<br />
| MeshID = D009846<br />
| MedlinePlus = 003147<br />
| DiseasesDB=23641<br />
}}<br />
{{Urinary system symptoms and signs}}<br />
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[[Category:Symptoms and signs: Urinary system]]</div>49.194.28.200