imported>Ridiculopathy: added some ==== Ireland ==== examples

2025-06-09T09:56:44Z

added some ==== Ireland ==== examples

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{{short description|Hemispherical mound of earth and/or stone raised over a burial placed in the middle}}
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[[Image:Heywood sumner barrows plans and sections.png|thumb|right|300px|Schematic plans and sections of various types of round barrow]]
A '''round barrow''' is a type of [[tumulus]] and is one of the most common types of archaeological monuments. Although concentrated in Europe, they are found in many parts of the world, probably because of their simple construction and universal purpose.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}}

In Britain, most of them were built between 2200BC and 1100BC.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://heritagecalling.com/2015/07/10/a-brief-introduction-to-bronze-age-barrows/ | title=A Brief Introduction to Bronze Age Barrows | date=10 July 2015 }}</ref> This was the Late Neolithic period to the Late Bronze Age. Later Iron Age barrows were mostly different, and sometimes square.<ref>[https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1017101 Two Iron Age round barrows and a Bronze Age round barrow]</ref>

== Description ==
At its simplest, a round barrow is a hemispherical mound of earth and/or stone raised over a burial placed in the middle. Beyond this there are numerous variations which may employ surrounding ditches, stone [[Megalithic architectural elements|kerb]]s or flat [[berm]]s between ditch and mound. Construction methods range from a single creation process of heaped material to a complex depositional sequence involving alternating layers of stone, soil and [[sod|turf]] with timbers or [[wikt:wattle|wattle]] used to help hold the structure together.

The center may be placed a stone chamber or [[cist]] or in a cut grave. Both intact [[inhumation]]s and [[cremation]]s placed in vessels can be found.

Many round barrows attract surrounding satellite burials or later ones inserted into the mound itself. In some cases these occur hundreds or even thousands of years after the original barrow was built and were placed by entirely different [[archaeological culture|cultures]].

Numerous subtypes include the [[bell barrow]], [[bowl barrow]], [[saucer barrow]] and [[disc barrow]].

== Examples ==

=== Scandinavia ===

==== Denmark ====
Denmark has many tumuli, including round barrows. The round barrows here were built over a very broad span of time and culture, from the [[Nordic Stone Age#Neolithic|Neolithic Stone Age]] to the [[Viking Age]]. They show a large variation of construction design while sharing a common exterior look.<ref>Dictionary: [http://www.altomfortidsminder.dk/ordbog/?tx_lfordbog_pi1[wordid]=22&cHash=65564909f9161984ae88b14ab8671e3e Rundhøj] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191225184321/http://www.altomfortidsminder.dk/ordbog/?tx_lfordbog_pi1%5Bwordid%5D=22&cHash=65564909f9161984ae88b14ab8671e3e |date=2019-12-25 }} Alt om Fortidsminder (Denmark's Cultural Heritage agency) {{in lang|da}}</ref> Tumuli were protected by law in 1937.

<gallery>
File:Loddenhøj.jpg|Loddenhøj near [[Aarhus]]. Many smaller round barrows in Denmark are encircled by agricultural fields.
File:Tinghøj Hammershøj Kvorning 2010-01-08 2.jpg|Tinghøjen near [[Randers]]. Many barrows are overgrown by shrubs or trees.
File:Jelling church and burrows.jpg|The two round barrows at [[Jelling]] from the Viking Age, are the youngest in Denmark.
</gallery>

=== Britain ===
In Britain round barrows generally date to the [[Early Bronze Age]] although [[Neolithic]] examples are also known. Later round barrows were also sometimes used by [[Ancient Rome|Roman]], [[Viking]] and [[Saxon people|Saxon]] societies. Examples include [[Rillaton barrow]] and [[Round Loaf]]. Where several contemporary round barrows are grouped together, the area is referred to as a ''barrow cemetery''.

==== England ====
[[Image:Bronkham Hill barrow cemetery, Dorset.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Round barrows on the chalk ridge of Bronkam Hill in Dorset, England. There are numerous round barrows along the south Dorset Ridgeway, including some well-preserved examples of the different sub-types.]]

===== Lincolnshire =====
*Beacon Hill, near Cleethorpes
*Bully Hill, near Tealby
*Bully Hills, Gräberfeld near Tathwell
*Burgh on Bain, Barrows near Burgh on Bain
*Burwell Wood, Barrows near Muckton
*Buslingthorpe, near Buslingthorpe
*Butterbumps, Gräberfeld near Willoughby
*Cleatham Barrow, near Manton
*Donnington-on-Bain, near Donington on Bain
*Folk Moot & Butt Mound, near Silk Willoughby
*Fordington Barrows, near Ulceby
*[[Grim's Mound]], near Burgh on Bain
*Hagworthingham, near Hagworthingham
*Hatcliffe Barrow, near Hatcliffe
*Howe Hill, near Ulceby
*King's Hill, Barrow/Mound near Bardney
*Ludford Barrow, near Ludford
*Mill Hill, near Claxby
*Revesby Barrows, near Revesby
*Ring Holt, near Dalby

==== Ireland ====
[[File:A barrow in Blessington, Co Wicklow, Ireland 03.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A barrow preserved in an urban environment between a [[skatepark]], an [[outdoor gym]], and a playground in [[Blessington]], Ireland]]
* [[Blessington]] demesne barrow, [[County Wicklow]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.themodernantiquarian.com/site/16554/blessington-demesne-1 | title= Eire > County Wicklow > Blessington Demesne 1 - Round Barrow | date=2014-07-14 |access-date= 2025-06-09 }}</ref>
* [[Gaulstown Barrow]], [[County Meath]]
* [[Mullyash Kerbed Cairn]] (bowl barrow), [[County Monaghan]]
* [[Wattstown Barrows]], [[County Westmeath]]

==See also==
* [[Kurgan]]
* [[Stupa]]
* [[Tumulus]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category-inline|Round barrows}}
*[http://www.megalithic.co.uk/search.php?query=&sitetype=18 Round barrow] and [http://www.megalithic.co.uk/search.php?query=&sitetype=4 barrow cemetery] search results from [http://www.megalithic.co.uk/ The Megalithic Portal].
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120312110327/http://www.pretanicworld.com/monuments.html Chart of Neolithic, Bronze Age and Celtic structures] from [http://www.pretanicworld.com/ Pretanic World].

{{Neolithic Europe|state=expanded}}
{{Prehistoric technology}}

[[Category:Barrows in England]]
[[Category:Tumuli]]

[[de:Nichtmegalithische Rundhügel]]

Round barrow - Revision history

imported>Ridiculopathy: added some ==== Ireland ==== examples