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{{short description|Town in County Carlow, Ireland}}
{{for|the oil and gas multinational|Tullow Oil}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=February 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Use Hiberno-English|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
|settlement_type = Town
|name = Tullow
|native_name = {{native name|ga|An Tulach}}
|native_name_lang = ga
|image_skyline = Tullow, County Carlow.JPG
|image_caption = N81 crossing the River Slaney in the centre of Tullow
|pushpin_map = Ireland
|pushpin_label_position = right
|pushpin_map_caption = Location in Ireland
|coordinates = {{coord|52.8003|-6.7369|dim:100000_region:IE|display=inline,title}}
|blank_name_sec1 = Irish Grid Reference
|blank_info_sec1 = {{iem4ibx|S852728}}
|unit_pref = Metric
|elevation_m = 95
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = Ireland
|subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Ireland|Province]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Leinster]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Counties of Ireland|County]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[County Carlow]]
|population_footnotes = <ref name="cso2022">{{cite web|title=Census 2022 - F1015 Population|work=Central Statistics Office Census 2022 Reports |publisher=[[Central Statistics Office (Ireland)|Central Statistics Office Ireland]] |date=August 2023 |url=https://data.cso.ie/table/F1015 |access-date=16 September 2023}}</ref>
|population = 5138
|population_as_of = [[2022 census of Ireland|2022]]
|population_note =
|website =
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in the Republic of Ireland|Telephone area code]]
| area_code = +353(0)59
| postal_code_type =[[Eircode]] routing key
| postal_code =R93
|timezone = [[Western European Time|WET]]
|utc_offset = ±0
|timezone_DST = [[Irish Standard Time|IST]]
|utc_offset_DST = +1
}}
'''Tullow''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|ʊ|l|oʊ}}; {{Irish place name|An Tulach|the hillock}}), formerly '''Tullowphelim''' ({{Irish place name|Tulach Ó bhFéidhlim}}),<ref name=logainm>{{cite web | url = https://www.logainm.ie/en/3549 | title = An Tulach/Tullow (see archival records for Tullowphelim) | work = Placenames Database of Ireland (logainm.ie) | publisher = [[Government of Ireland]] | access-date = 22 September 2021}}</ref> is a market town in [[County Carlow]], Ireland. It is located on the [[River Slaney]] where the [[N81 road (Ireland)|N81 road]] intersects with the [[R725 road (Ireland)|R725]]. {{As of|2022}}, the population was 5,138.<ref name=cso2022/> Tullowphelim is the name of both a [[townland]] and [[Civil parishes in Ireland|civil parish]] in which Tullow lies.<ref name=logainm/>

==History==
Anglo-Norman landowner [[Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath|Hugh de Lacy]] built a castle in Tullow {{Circa|1181}} at the site of a crossing on the river Slaney.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.libraryireland.com/biography/HughDeLacy.php |title=Hugh De Lacy |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Library Ireland |last=Webb |first=Alfred |orig-date=1878}}</ref> The castle was captured by [[Oliver Cromwell]] in 1650.<ref name="Lewis">{{Cite web |url=https://www.libraryireland.com/topog/T/Tullow-Rathvilly-Carlow.php |title=A Topographical Dictionary of Ireland |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Library Ireland |last=Lewis |first=Samuel |orig-date=1837}}</ref> There are no extant remains of the castle and the circumstances of its demolition are uncertain.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.askaboutireland.ie/reading-room/history-heritage/architecture/architecture-in-co.-carlo/towns-and-villages-tullow/ |title=Towns and Villages: Tullow |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Ask About Ireland}}</ref> The castle may have been pulled down during the reign of [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Queen Anne]] and the stones used in the construction of a barracks in the town.<ref name="Lewis"/>

A monastery and school was founded in the fifth century in Tullow by St Fortchern (or {{Lang|ga|Fortiarnán|italic=no}}), a pupil of [[Saint Patrick|St Patrick]] and [[Lommán of Trim|St Lommán]]. Although there are no traces of the monastery today, a granite font and cross base at St. Columba's Church in Tullow may be associated with it.<ref name="McQuinn 2011 6–10">{{Cite journal |title=Fortiarnán: Trailblazer of the Irish Saints |journal=Carloviana |url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/14Of1jr7RWjQNId3wwC8jbW_SIbhm2OnD/view |last=McQuinn |first=Christopher P. |issue=60 |pages=6–10 |year=2011}}</ref> Tullowphelim [[holy well]] is located on Barrack Street in Tullow. It is dedicated to the Virgin Mary, mother of Jesus. It is reputed to be the site of the monastery founded by St Fortiarnán.<ref name="McQuinn 2011 6–10"/> The current shrine dates to the 1920s. A [[Pattern (devotional)|pattern]] was held annually on 8 September until about 1800.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.megalithicireland.com/Tullowphelim%20Holy%20Well,%20Carlow.html |title=Tullowphelim Holy Well |access-date=2023-06-25 |website=Megalithic Ireland}}</ref> The [[Great Book of Lecan|Book of Lecan]] and the [[Book of Ballymote]] mention that Saint Darchaorthainn (Derchartainn) and her sister St. [[Eithne]] the daughters of Cormac were nuns at Tullow and are believed to be buried in the vicinity.<ref>{{Cite web |last=tullowhistorian |date=2022-02-21 |title=Early Christianity in Tullow and neighbouring parishes |url=https://tullowhistorian.wordpress.com/2022/02/21/early-christianity-in-tullow-and-neighbouring-parishes/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Tullow Historian |language=en}}</ref> They along with Fortchern and [[Saint Toranann|Toranann]] are regarded as the patron saints of Tullow.<ref>{{Cite web |last=tullowhistorian |date=2022-02-21 |title=Early Christianity in Tullow and neighbouring parishes |url=https://tullowhistorian.wordpress.com/2022/02/21/early-christianity-in-tullow-and-neighbouring-parishes/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Tullow Historian |language=en}}</ref>

Tullow was also the site of an [[Augustinians|Augustinian]] [[Monastery|friary]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.libraryireland.com/topog/T/Tullow-Rathvilly-Carlow.php |title=A Topographical Dictionary of Ireland |access-date=2023-06-25 |website=Library Ireland |last=Lewis |first=Samuel |orig-date=1837}}</ref> During the [[dissolution of the monasteries]], the land belonging to the friary was granted to [[James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormond]]. Similarly to Tullow Castle, the friary buildings were demolished but the exact date is uncertain.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.askaboutireland.ie/reading-room/history-heritage/architecture/architecture-in-co.-carlo/towns-and-villages-tullow/ |title=Towns and Villages: Tullow |access-date=2023-06-25 |website=Ask About Ireland}}</ref> The Abbey Cemetery is located within the site of the former monastery.

There is a statue of [[John Murphy (priest)|Father John Murphy]], one of the leaders of the [[Irish Rebellion of 1798|1798 Rebellion]], who was captured near Tullow and executed in the Market Square on 2 July. There is a small [[Tullow Museum|museum]] with information about this period and other local history located in the former Tullow Methodist church on Bridge Street.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.discoverireland.ie/carlow/tullow-museum |title=Tullow Museum |access-date=2023-06-25 |website=Discover Ireland}}</ref>

[[Bishop of Kildare and Leighlin|Bishop]] [[Daniel Delany]] founded the [[Brigidine Sisters]] in Tullow in 1807.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://brigidine.org.au/about-us/our-beginnings/ |title=Our Beginnings |access-date=2023-07-04 |website=Brigidines}}</ref>

The [[Tullow Agricultural Show]] takes place every August just outside the town.

==Sport==
===Gaelic Sports===
Saint Patrick's are the GAA club in Tullow who currently compete in the [[Carlow Junior A Football Championship]] and have been crowned champions on ten occasions. They also compete in the [[Carlow Intermediate Hurling Championship]].

===Association football===
Parkville United AFC, who play at Hawkins Lane Tullow, compete in the Carlow premier division and Slaney Rovers AFC from Rathvilly, who play at Tullow town pitch.

===Rugby union===
[[Tullow RFC]] are the local rugby team. Former Ireland international player [[Seán O'Brien (rugby union, born 1987)|Seán O'Brien]] played with the club.<ref>{{cite web | title = SEAN O'BRIEN Ireland | url = http://en.espn.co.uk/scrum/rugby/player/27724.html | publisher = [[ESPN Inc.|ESPN]] | access-date = 3 January 2022}}</ref>

==Literature==
There is quote in [[Brendan Behan]]'s ''[[Borstal Boy]]'' that mentions Tullow: "Littlewood was twenty and married. We thought he was as old as the Hills of Tullow."
[[File:Street scene with statue of Father John Murphy, Tullow, Co. Carlow - geograph.org.uk - 203187.jpg|thumb|Statue of Father John Murphy, Tullow.]]

==Transport==

===Railway===
The town was [[history of rail transport in Ireland|at one time]] connected to the [[rail transport in Ireland|Irish railway network]], on a branch line from [[Naas]] in [[County Kildare]]. Tullow railway station opened on 1 June 1886, closed for passenger and goods traffic in 1947 and finally closed on 1 April 1959.<ref>{{cite web | title=Tullow station | work=Railscot - Irish Railways | url=http://www.railscot.co.uk/Ireland/Irish_railways.pdf | access-date=2007-11-24}}</ref>

===Bus===
[[Bus Éireann]] route 132 provides a once a day each way (Mondays to Fridays inclusive) commuter link to [[Dublin]] via [[Tallaght]]. There are also a limited range (usually one/two journeys a day each way) of [[Bus Éireann]] Expressway services linking the town to [[Dublin]], [[New Ross]], [[Waterford]] and [[Rosslare Europort]]. [[JJ Kavanagh and Sons]] route from [[Hacketstown]] to [[Carlow]] also serves the town. The main stopping place for buses is on the Square.

==Weather==
A local weather station operates in Tullow, which records all local weather and provides a five-day local forecast.<ref>[http://www.carlowweather.com CarlowWeather.com]</ref> Tullow recorded the lowest temperature in 2010 at −17.7 °C. It is also based in a basin so the weather patterns are slightly different.

==Business==
[[Tullow Oil]] is one of Europe's largest independent exploration and production companies with worldwide operations.

==Notable people==
{{See also|Category:People from Tullow}}
* [[Christabel Bielenberg]], author of ''The Past is Myself'', lived in Tullow.
* [[J.H. Brennan|Herbie Brennan]], author of the young adult Faerie Wars series, lives in Tullow.
* [[Daniel Delany]], [[Bishop of Kildare and Leighlin]], founded the [[Brigidine Sisters]] in 1807 and the [[Patrician Brothers]] in 1808.
* [[Denis Donoghue (academic)|Denis Donoghue]], literary critic, was born in Tullow.
* [[Seán O'Brien (rugby union, born 1987)|Seán O'Brien]], professional [[rugby union]] player for [[Leinster Rugby|Leinster]] and [[Ireland national rugby union team|Ireland]] is from Ardristan, Tullow and played for local teams - Tullow CS and [[Tullow RFC]]
* [[Saoirse Ronan]], [[Academy Awards|Oscar]] nominated actress went to school in [[Ardattin]], Tullow.

==See also==
* [[List of abbeys and priories in the Republic of Ireland#County Carlow|List of abbeys and priories in Ireland (County Carlow)]]
* [[List of towns and villages in the Republic of Ireland|List of towns and villages in Ireland]]
* [[Market Houses in the Republic of Ireland|Market Houses in Ireland]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Tullow}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070929042028/http://www.tullowtown.ie/ Tullow town]
* [http://www.disused-stations.org.uk/t/tullow/index.shtml Disused stations]

{{County Carlow}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Towns and villages in County Carlow]]

Tullow - Revision history

imported>Thomaslaurence: Added new links