American Institute in Taiwan

The American Institute in Taiwan<ref>The official name is "The American Institute in Taiwan" (including the word "The" - See the Register of Corporations, Washington DC records)</ref> (AIT; Template:Zh) is the de facto embassy of the United States of America in Taiwan. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of the federal government of the United States in Taiwan with Congressional oversight.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The AIT was officially created as a U.S. government-sponsored nonprofit, private corporation established under the auspices of the U.S. government to serve its interests in Taiwan.

Primarily staffed by employees of the United States Department of State and local workers, the AIT provides consular services normally offered by United States diplomatic missions, with the Great Seal of the United States hung at the main office in Taipei. The establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1979 required the United States to develop its own "One China policy" and subsequently to terminate official diplomatic relations with the Republic of China (Taiwan). The AIT now serves to assist and protect U.S. interests in Taiwan in a quasiofficial manner,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and also processes U.S. visas and provides consular services to U.S. expatriates. Following the swift passage of the 2018 Taiwan Travel Act by the United States, it now serves as a high-level representative bureau on behalf of United States in Taiwan.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It receives full protection from the United States Marine Corps as do U.S. embassies.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Overview

AIT is a nonprofit corporation established pursuant to the Taiwan Relations Act to manage America's unofficial relationship with Taiwan; it was incorporated in the District of Columbia on 16 January 1979<ref>District of Columbia Register of CorporationsTemplate:Dead link</ref> after the U.S. established full diplomatic relations with the PRC on January 1, 1979. This model, with an alternative form of American representative office established in Taiwan after the diplomatic relations were severed, was based on the AIT's Japanese counterpart stationed in Taipei since 1972,<ref name="ADST Thayer">Template:Cite web</ref>Template:Rp and was therefore referred to as the Template:Nihongo.<ref name="ADST Pratt"/>Template:Rp

Following the authorization of the Taiwan Relations Act, the Department of State, through a semiofficial contract with AIT, provides guidance and "funds a large part of AIT's operations." Like other U.S. missions abroad, AIT is staffed by employees of the Department of State and other agencies of the United States, as well as by locally hired staff. Prior to a 2002 amendment to the Foreign Service Act (Section 503 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, as amended by the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003), United States government employees were required to resign from government service for their period of assignment to AIT. According to Section 12 (a) of the Taiwan Relations Act, agreements conducted by AIT have to be reported to Congress, just as other international agreements concluded by United States and governments with which it has diplomatic relations. Thus, while relations between the U.S. and Taiwan through AIT are conducted on an informal basis, the U.S. government still treats the relationship within the same confines as with other states with formal diplomatic relations.<ref>New US diplomatic immunity pact a breakthrough: MOFA Template:Webarchive, The China Post, February 6, 2013</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

AIT has a small headquarters office in Arlington County, Virginia with its largest office located in Taipei, Taiwan. The organization also has a branch office in Taiwan's strategic southern port city of Kaohsiung.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> These three bureaus are referred to as AIT/Washington (AIT/W), AIT/Taipei (AIT/T) and AIT/Kaohsiung (AIT/K), respectively.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The AIT office complex at No. 100 Jinhu Road, Neihu District, Taipei, was inaugurated in 2019. From 1979 to 2019, AIT/Taipei was located in the Daan District, on the site where the U.S. Military Advisory Group had previously been headquartered.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

For the purposes of remuneration and benefits, directors of the AIT hold the same rank as ambassador and, in Taiwan, are accorded diplomatic privileges in their capacity as directors.

Its counterpart in the United States is the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office.

In May 2024, Raymond Greene was announced as the incoming AIT director, effective summer 2024, succeeding Sandra Oudkirk.<ref>Template:Cite magazineTemplate:Dead link</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> During Greene's first meeting with Taiwan President Lai Ching-te, he said the United States' longstanding policy on Taiwan is based on the US' "One China" policy. In a press release describing the meeting, Lai's office omitted the "one China" reference, and instead described Greene's remarks as having referenced "the longstanding U.S. policy."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Lai's office denied it intentionally omitted the reference to the one China policy, which was challenged by local Taiwanese media.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

New compound in Taipei

Great Seal of the United States shown at the new institute compound

A new $250 million compound for the American Institute in Taiwan was unveiled in June 2018, accompanied by a "low-key" U.S. delegation<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and several mid-level diplomats.Template:Citation needed According to the AIT the new complex represents "the United States' brick-and-mortar commitment to Taiwan."<ref name="Taiwan News 2019" />

In 2019 director Christensen buried a time capsule at the new AIT complex in Neihu. The time capsule is not to be unearthed for 50 years.<ref name="Taiwan News 2019">Template:Cite web</ref>

Protests

Several protests have been staged outside the institute.

Protests were staged by Taiwanese outside the institute in response to then US President Bill Clinton's meeting with Jiang Zemin in 1998.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Three Taiwanese firms protested American institute's failure to pay fees owed for contracting work on the office's new premises in 2013, then under construction.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In May, 2024, protestors gathered outside institute to protest the United States' participation in the destruction of Gaza and killing of its citizens.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Protestors said the United States was complicit in genocide.

Principal officers

List of directors

Former Director Oudkirk

• Charles T. Cross (1979–1981)
• James R. Lilley (1981–1984)
• Harry E. T. Thayer (1984–1986)
• Template:Interlanguage link (1987–1989)
• Thomas S. Brooks (1990–1993)
• B. Lynn Pascoe (1993–1996)
• Darryl Norman Johnson (1996–1999)
• Raymond Burghardt (1999–2001, received the Order of Propitious Clouds)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• Douglas H. Paal (2002–2006)
• Stephen Young (2006–2009)
• William A. Stanton (2009–2012)
• Christopher J. Marut (2012–2015)
• Kin W. Moy (2015–2018)
• Brent Christensen (2018–2021)
• Sandra Oudkirk (2021–2024)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• Raymond F. Greene (2024–present)<ref name="Raymond-2024">Template:Cite web</ref>

List of deputy directors

• William A. Brown (1979)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
• William Wayt Thomas Jr. (1979–1981)<ref name="ADST Tkacik">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="ADST Thomas">Template:Cite web</ref>
• Thomas S. Brooks (1981–1983)<ref name="Forbidden City">Template:Cite book</ref>
• Jerome C. Ogden (1983–1986)
• Scott S. Hallford (1986–1991)<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
• James A. Larocco (1991–1993)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• Christopher J. LaFleur (1993–1997)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• Lauren K. Moriarty (1997–1998)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• Stephen Young (1998–2001)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• Pamela J. H. Slutz (2001–2003)
• David J. Keegan (2003–2006)
• Robert S. Wang (2006–2009)
• Eric H. Madison (2009–2012)
• Brent Christensen (2012–2015)
• Robert W. Forden (2015–2018)
• Raymond F. Greene (2018–2021)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Raymond-2024"/>
• Jeremy A. Cornforth (2021–present)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

List of political section chiefs

The Political Section, originally known as the General Affairs Section (GAS),<ref name="ADST Feldman">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="ADST Thayer"/>Template:Rp is led by a chief which is similar to a political counselor in other embassies.<ref name="ADST Pratt"/>Template:Rp

Chiefs, General Affairs Section

• Mark S. Pratt (1979–1981)<ref name="ADST Pratt">Template:Cite web</ref>Template:Rp
• Stanley R. Ifshin (1981–1983)<ref name="ADST Feldman"/>Template:Rp<ref name="ADST Philippines">Template:Cite web</ref>
• David E. Reuther (1983–1985)
• Joseph J. Borich (1985–unknown)
• Thomas V. Biddick (1989– unknown)
• Douglas G. Spelman (unknown)
• James F. Moriarty (1995–1998)
• Eunice Reddick (1997–2000)<ref>Template:Citation</ref>

Chiefs, Political Section

• Joseph R. Donovan Jr. (2000–2003)<ref name="Donovan">Template:Cite web</ref>
• Melvin T. L. Ang (2003–2004)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
• James L. Huskey (2004–2008)
• David H. Rank (2008–2010)
• Daniel Turnbull (2010–2013)
• William Klein (2013–2016)
• Christian M. Marchant (2016–2019)
• Bradley S. Parker (2019–present)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

List of commercial officers

• William D. McClure (1981–1986)
• Raymond Sander (1987–1997)
• William Brekke (1997–2000)
• Terry Cooke (2000–2003)
• Gregory Loose (2003–2006)
• Gregory Wong (2006–2010)
• Helen Hwang (2010–unknown)
• Scott Pozil (2011–2013)
• Amy Chang (2010–2013)

Kaohsiung

• Robert Leach (2000–2003)
• Steve Green (2009–2011)
• Gregory Harris (2011–present)

See U.S. Commercial Service in Taiwan

List of chairpersons

Chairman James Moriarty and President Tsai Ing-wen in 2016

• David Dean (1979–1986)
• David N. Laux (1986–1990)
• Natale H. Bellocchi (1990–1995)
• James C. Wood Jr. (1996–1997)
• Richard C. Bush (1997–2002)
• Therese Shaheen (2002–2004)
• William A. Brown (2004–2006; acting)
• Raymond Burghardt (2006–2016)
• James F. Moriarty (2016–2023)
• Laura Rosenberger (2023–2025)

See also

• De facto embassy
• Taiwan–United States relations
• Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the United States, its counterpart
• Foreign relations of Taiwan
• Foreign relations of the United States
• Foreign policy of the United States
• Political status of Taiwan

External links

• Template:Commons category-inline
• Template:Official website
• Template:Official website Template:In lang