1023
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Year 1023 (MXXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–March
- January 16 – (21 Shawwal 413 AH) The Grand Vizier of the Fatimid Caliphate in Egypt is executed only nine months after succeeding Khatir-al-Mulk.<ref>Yaacov Lev, State and Society in Fatimid Egypt (Brill, 2022) p.36</ref>
- January 24 – A solar eclipse is visible from London.<ref>Samuel J. Johnson, Eclipses, Past and Future, With General Hints for Observing the Heavens (James Parker and Company, 1874) p.44</ref>
- February 5 – At Cairo in the Fatimid Caliphate, the Caliph al-Zahir li-I'zaz Din Allah attains full power upon the death of his aunt, Sitt al-Mulk.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
- February 12 – (18 Dhu-I-qa'da 413 AH) In Spain, Al-Ma'mun al-Qāsim ibn Ḥammud returns to Cordoba to become the new Emir, after the Emir Yaḥya ibn ʿAli ibn Ḥammud al-Muʿtali bi-llāh leaves the city and moves to Malaga. Al-Qasim reigns for 10 months before being forced out by Abd al-Rahman V.<ref>Peter C. Scales, The Fall of the Caliphate of Córdoba: Berbers and Andalus is in Conflict (E. J. Brill, 1993) p.103</ref>
- February 23 – The Chitragupta Temple (now in India at Khajuraho at the Madhya Pradesh state) is consecrated to the Hindu god Shiva, at the Maha Shivaratri celebration.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- March 27 – Gebhard von Hohenwart becomes the new Bishop of Regensburg in Bavaria, upon the death of Gebhard of Swabia.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- March – Musharrif al-Dawla, ruler of Iraq, comes to Baghdad to see the Abbasid Caliph al-Qadir, and attempts to defy the caliphate.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
April–June
- April 10 – Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn Thu'ban becomes the new Emir of Halab (in what is now northern Syria) after Safiyy al-Dawla is dismissed by the Caliph al-Hakim.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- May 11 – In the Kingdom of León in Spain, the Abbot Oliba declines to authorize the wedding of King Alfonso V to Urraca Garcés, the sister of King Sancho of Pamplona, describing it as incesti connubii. The wedding takes place anyway.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- May 16 – From his capital at Mainz in Germany, Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor, issues a grant of lands in Tragoess (now in Austria) to the Göss Abbey.
- June 15 – (17th day before the kalends of July) The body of the late Ælfheah of Canterbury, the former Archbishop of Canterbury who will later be canonized as a Roman Catholic saint and a martyr of the church, is reburied at Canterbury Cathedral on orders of England's King Canute, after being moved from St. Paul's Cathedral in London on June 12 (the 3rd day before the ides of June). King Canute, whose Danish troops had murdered Archbishop Ælfheah on April 19, 1012, during Canute's invasion of England, has ordered the reburial as an atonement for Ælfheah's death.<ref>"Who was St Alfege?", St Alfege Church Greenwich</ref><ref>"Ælfheah (d. 1012)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (October 2006 ed.)(Oxford University Press, 2006)</ref>
July–September
- July 20 – A partial solar eclipse, part of the Solar Saros 120 cycle, is visible to the natives of southern South America in what are now Brazil, Uruguay and Chile.<ref>"Partial Solar Eclipse of 1023 Jul 20", by Fred Espenak, EclipseWise.com]</ref>
- August 11 – King Robert II of France and Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor have a neutral site meeting at Ivois (now Carignan in France's département of Ardennes), and pledge to convene an assembly at Pavia to reform the clergy.
- September 14 – Rudolph III, King of Burgundy and his wife, Queen Ermengard, grant the county of Viennois to the Archbishop of Vienne.
October–December
- October 18 – Al-Mu'izz ibn Badis becomes the full ruler of Ifriqiya (modern day Tunisia) upon the death of his aunt, Umm Mallal, who had served as regent since 1016.
- November 13 – The marriage of King Alfonso V of León to Princess Urraca of Pamplona is confirmed by the Roman Catholic Church.
- December 2 – Abd al-Rahman V becomes the Muslim Caliph of Córdoba in what is now most of the southern two-thirds of Spain and Portugal by overthrowing Al-Qasim al-Ma'mun, but only serves for six weeks until his assassination by Muhammad III.
- December – Abbad I declares the Taifa of Seville independent from Córdoban rule. Abd ar-Rahman V is proclaimed Caliph at Córdoba.
By place
Europe
- The Judge-Governor of Seville in Al-Andalus (modern Spain) takes advantage of the disintegration of the Caliphate of Córdoba and seizes power as Abbad I, founding the Abbadid dynasty.
Asia
- April/May (Jian 3, 4th month) – An epidemic in Kyoto (Japan) is so severe that there are corpses in the streets;Template:Citation needed disease spreads throughout the country.
- 60th birthday and longevity ceremony of Japanese matriarch Minamoto no Rinshi, wife of Fujiwara no Michinaga.
- The Ghaznavid Empire occupies Transoxiana (approximate date).
By topic
Religion
- The Dom Church at Utrecht (modern Netherlands) is severely damaged by fire. Bishop Adalbold II begins construction of a new Romanesque style church.
Births
- Lý Thánh Tông, Vietnamese emperor (d. 1072)
- Otto I (or Odon), count of Savoy (approximate date)
- Ramon Berenguer I, count of Barcelona (d. 1076)
- William VII ("the Bold"), duke of Aquitaine (d. 1058)
Deaths
- March 27 – Gebhard I, bishop of Regensburg
- May 28 – Wulfstan (or Lupus), archbishop of York
- October 18 – Zirid princess and regent
- October 21 – Gero, archbishop of Magdeburg
- October 24 – Kou Zhun, Chinese grand chancellor
- November 24 – Eilward, bishop of Dresden-Meissen
- December 5 – Hartwig, archbishop of Salzburg
- Abū Hayyān al-Tawhīdī, Muslim intellectual (b. 923)
- Godfrey II, count and duke of Lower Lorraine (b. 965)
- Llywelyn ap Seisyll, king of Gwynedd and Powys
- Oda of Haldensleben, duchess of the Polans
- Sitt al-Mulk, Fatimid princess and regent (b. 970)