Garrulax

Garrulax is a genus of passerine birds in the laughingthrush family Leiothrichidae.

The genus Garrulax was erected by the French naturalist René Lesson in 1831.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The type species was designated in 1961 as Garrulax rufifrons Lesson, the rufous-fronted laughingthrush.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

The genus previously included more species. Following the publication of a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study in 2018, Garrulax was split up and species were moved to the resurrected genera Ianthocincla and Pterorhinus.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name=ioc>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Garrulax species are heavily traded as songbirds. A survey of eight bird markets in Indonesia, carried out in 2014–2015, found 615 laughingthrushes of nine species openly for sale.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Much of the trade in these species in Indonesia is illegal and is pushing a number of these species towards extinction.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> The Sumatran laughingthrush, for example, is in serious decline due to ongoing and uncontrolled illegal trade in bird markets on the islands of Java and Sumatra, and is increasingly found in international trade, though in lower numbers.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Species

The genus contains the following 14 species:<ref name=ioc/>

Image	Common name	Scientific name	Distribution
File:Garrulax monileger 2 - Kaeng Krachan.jpg	Lesser necklaced laughingthrush	Garrulax monileger	Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam.
	Rufous-fronted laughingthrush	Garrulax rufifrons	Java
File:Garrulax leucolophus 170546920.jpg	White-crested laughingthrush	Garrulax leucolophus	India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, China, Vietnam, and Thailand.
	Black-hooded laughingthrush	Garrulax milleti	Laos and Vietnam
File:Sumatran Laughingthrush RWD4.jpg	Sumatran laughingthrush	Garrulax bicolor	Sumatra
File:Garrulax strepitans - Mae Wong.jpg	White-necked laughingthrush	Garrulax strepitans	Yunnan, Laos, Myanmar and Thailand
	Cambodian laughingthrush	Garrulax ferrarius	Cambodia
	Grey laughingthrush	Garrulax maesi	southern China
	Rufous-cheeked laughingthrush	Garrulax castanotis	China, Laos, and Vietnam
File:0A2A3704 Sunda Laughingthrush.jpg	Sunda laughingthrush	Garrulax palliatus	Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia
File:Chinese Hwamei RWD.jpg	Chinese hwamei	Garrulax canorus	south-eastern and central China and in northern and central Vietnam and Laos
File:Garrulax taewanus, Taipei 1.jpg	Taiwan hwamei	Garrulax taewanus	Taiwan
File:Spot-breasted Laughingthrush - Thailand S4E9232 (19483012432).jpg	Spot-breasted laughingthrush	Garrulax merulinus	Yunnan, Northeast India, Laos, Myanmar, north-west Thailand, and northern Vietnam
File:Garrulax annamensis 105771895.jpeg	Orange-breasted laughingthrush	Garrulax annamensis	Vietnam

References

• Collar, N. J. & Robson C. 2007. Family Timaliidae (Babblers) pp. 70 – 291 in; del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. & Christie, D.A. eds. Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.