.in
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use Indian English Template:Infobox top level domain
Template:Infobox top level domain
.in is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for India. It was introduced in May 1989. It is currently administered by the National Internet Exchange of India.
Registry operator
The domain was originally managed by the National Centre for Software Technology (NCST), Mumbai and its Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC). The Government of India issued an executive order in 2004 to transfer responsibility for managing .in domains to the newly created INRegistry under the authority of the National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI). The National Informatics Centre (NIC), ERNET, and the Ministry of Defence were appointed as registrars for the gov.in, res.in and ac.in, and the mil.in domains respectively.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In August 2018, NIXI appointed Neustar Data Infotech (India), a subsidiary of Neustar, Inc., to be the country's new registry services provider. Neustar completed migration of existing .in domains to its registry infrastructure in March 2019. Neustar added the ability to register Indian-language domains in native script by enabling end-to-end web portal language support.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Second-level domains
Template:As of, liberalised policies for the Template:Mono domain allow unlimited second-level registrations under Template:Mono. Unlimited registrations under the previously structured existing zones are also allowed:<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Template:Mono (available to anyone; used by companies, individuals, and organisations in India)
- Template:Mono (intended for banks, registered companies, and trademarks)
- Template:Mono (available to anyone; used by companies, individuals, and organisations in India)
- Template:Mono (intended for shops, partnerships, liaison offices, sole proprietorships)
- Template:Mono (intended for Internet service providers)
- Template:Mono (intended for nonprofit organisations)
- Template:Mono (intended for general/miscellaneous use)
- Template:Mono (intended for individuals)
Zones reserved for use by qualified institutions in India:<ref name=":0" />
- Template:Mono (older, used by both educational and research institutes)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Template:Mono (used by academic institutions)
- Template:Mono (used by educational institutions)
- Template:Mono (used by Indian research institutes)
- Template:Mono (used by Indian government and State governments)
- Template:Mono (used by Indian military organisations)
- Template:Mono (used by Indian Banking Institutions)
- Template:Mono (used by Indian Financial and other Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFCs))
The domain Template:Mono is reserved for India's National Informatics Centre, but in practice most Indian government agencies have domains ending in Template:Mono.
The .in registry launched following sub-domains on Oct 29, 2021 to benefit the growing market:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
- Template:Mono
Before the introduction of liberalised registration policies for the Template:Mono domain, only 7000 names had been registered between 1992 and 2004. Template:As of, the number had increased to over 610,000 domain names with 60% of registrations coming from India and the rest from overseas.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> By October 2011, the number had surpassed 1 million domain names.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Template:As of, the number has more than doubled to over 2 million domain names.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Restrictions on use of .in domains
As per the terms and conditions of the Template:Mono registry, domain privacy is not allowed.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Recently updated EKYC guidelines were issued to all registrars to authenticate new registrants. Hence, the previous rule relating to bulk booking of .in domain names has been withdrawn. Now customers can book unlimited .in domain names as previously in line with promoting .in TLD on par with other popular TLDs like .com and others which also has no restrictions relating to bulk booking.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Internationalised domain names and country codes
India plans to introduce internationalised domain names in the 22 local languages used in the country. Template:As of, fifteen of these internationalised domain names were accepted by ICANN:
- Template:Mono (Devanagari), became available with the following zones:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Devanagari string Transliterated string भारत .bharat कंपनी.भारत company.bharat विद्या.भारत vidya.bharat सरकार.भारत sarkar.bharat
- Template:Mono (Bengali), available Template:As of
- Template:Mono (Gurmukhī), only ਡਾਟਾਮੇਲ.ਭਾਰਤ Template:As of
- Template:Mono (Gujarati), available Template:As of
- Template:Mono (Tamil), available Template:As of
- Template:Mono (Telugu), available Template:As of
- Template:Mono (Urdu) only ڈاٹامیل.بھارت Template:As of (mainly right-to-left character order)
In 2016, an application for eight further domains was accepted. While the Indian government also applied for .বাংলা (Bengali), it was given to a competing applicant, the Bangladesh Telecommunication Company Limited (BTCL).These domains were not available (Template:As of):<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> But, they were later on made available and now are open for domain registration in India.
- Template:Mono (Kannada)
- Template:Mono (Assamese)
- Template:Mono (Kashmiri)
- Template:Mono (Malayalam)
- Template:Mono (Odia)
- Template:Mono (Sanskrit)
- Template:Mono (Santali)
- Template:Mono (Sindhi)
See also
References
External links and references
- IANA Whois information
- whois information
- Policies from the INRegistry website
- List of Accredited registrars for .in
Template:Navbox with collapsible groupsTemplate:Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (India)Template:Navbox with collapsible groups