1743 in literature

Events

March – Robert Dodsley advertises in the London Evening Post his plans to publish rare 16th and 17th-century plays so as to avoid them being lost.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
July 5 – A benefit performance for the elderly acting couple Henry and Elizabeth Wetherilt is held at Smock Alley Theatre in Dublin.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
August – Shortly after the death of Richard Savage, Samuel Johnson announces his intention to publish a biography of Savage.<ref name="Savage" />
unknown dates
- Johann Elias Schlegel becomes secretary to an ambassador at the Danish court.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- A legal deposit law requires a copy of every book printed in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany to be deposited in the Magliabechiana library in Florence.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Comte de Caylus – les Contes orientaux
William Rufus Chetwood – The Twins (prose fiction)
Henry Fielding – The Life of Jonathan Wild the Great in Miscellanies, with A Journey from This World to the Next
Eliza Haywood – Memoirs of an Unfortunate Young Nobleman<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Aaron Hill – The Fanciad
Marguerite de Lubert – La Princesse Camion (Princess Camion)
Benjamin Martin – A Course of Lectures in Natural and Experimental Philosophy, Geography, and Astronomy<ref>First edition. Retrieved 12 September 2017. Template:Webarchive</ref>
Diego de Torres Villarroel – Vida

Robert Blair – The Grave<ref name=cocel>Template:Cite book</ref>
Samuel Boyse – Albion's Triumph
James Bramston (attributed) – The Crooked Six-pence
William Collins – Verses Humbly Address'd to Sir Thomas Hanmer (related to Hanmer's edition of The Works of Shakespear)
Philip Francis – The Odes, Epodes, and Carmen Seculare of Horace
David Mallet – Poems on Several Occasions
Alexander Pope – The New Dunciad (revised version)

Henry Baker – The Microscope Made Easy
Henry St. John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke – Remarks on the History of England (from The Craftsman)
John Brown – Honour
Colley Cibber
- The Egotist; or, Colley Upon Cibber (many deprecations on Alexander Pope)
- A Second Letter from Mr. Cibber to Mr. Pope
Thomas Cooke – An Epistle to the Countess of Shaftesbury
Manuel da Assumpção – Vocabolario em idioma Bengalla, e Portuguez (Vocabulary of the Bengali Language and Portuguese)
Philip Doddridge – The Principles of the Christian Religion
Enrique Flórez – Clave historial con que se abre la puerta a la historia eclesiástica y política (Clavis Historiae)
Eliza Haywood – A Present for a Servant-Maid (conduct book for female servants, in the light of Richardson's Pamela)
Richard Pococke – A Description of the East & Some Other Countries<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
William Stukeley – Abury: A temple of the British Druids
Diego de Torres Villarroel – Vida, ascendencia, nacimiento, crianza y aventuras del Doctor Don Diego de Torres Villarroel<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
William Whitehead – An Essay on Ridicule<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

January 25 – Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, German philosopher (died 1819)
February 14 – Jane Bowdler, English poet and essayist (died 1784)
March 4 – Johann David Wyss, Swiss novelist writing in German (died 1818)
March 14 – Hannah Cowley, English dramatist and poet (died 1809)
April 13 – Thomas Jefferson, American revolutionary and president (died 1826
June 20 – Anna Laetitia Barbauld, English poet (died 1825)
July 14 – Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin, Russian lyric poet (died 1816)
July 30 – Philip Yorke, Welsh antiquary and genealogist (died 1804)
August 17 – Julien Louis Geoffroy, French critic (died 1814)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

April 4
- Robert Ainsworth, English lexicographer (born 1660)
- Daniel Neal, English historian (born 1678)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
April 29 – Charles-Irénée Castel de Saint-Pierre, French writer and thinker (born 1658)
May 6 – Andrew Michael Ramsay, Scottish biographer (born 1686)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
August 1 – Richard Savage, English poet (born c. 1697)<ref name="Savage">Template:Cite book</ref>
October 5 – Henry Carey, English poet, songwriter and dramatist, suicide (born 1687)
October 15 – John Ozell, English translator (year of birth not known)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
December 22 – James Bramston, English satirical poet (born c. 1694)