1888 Dutch general election

Template:Short description Template:Infobox legislative election{{#invoke: Sidebar | collapsible |name = Politics of the Netherlands |bodyclass = vcard hlist |pretitle= This article is part of a series on |title = Politics of the Netherlands |image = |listtitlestyle = text-align:left; background:lavender; | heading1 = | expanded = | wraplinks = true | style = width:20em; | liststyle = text-align:centre

| list1title = Constitution | list1 =

• Charter
• Wet Algemene Bepalingen
• Human rights

| list2title = Monarchy | list2 = The King (list): Willem-Alexander

• Royal house
• Succession

Council of Ministers of the Kingdom

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• Ministers Plenipotentiary
  • Aruba
  • Curaçao
  • Sint Maarten

| list3title = Cabinet | list3 =

Cabinet (list): Schoof

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Prime Minister (list): Dick Schoof

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Deputy Prime Ministers: Template:Hlist

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• Ministries

| list4title = States General | list4 =

Senate

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• President (list): Mei Li Vos
• Current membership
• Historic composition
• Parliamentary committees

House of Representatives

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• Speaker (list): Thom van Campen
• Current membership
• Historic composition
• Parliamentary committees

| list5title = Judiciary | list5 =

• Supreme Court
• Council of State
• Court of Audit
• National Ombudsman

| list6title = Elections | list6 =

Recent elections

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Referendums

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• 2005
• 2016
• 2018

• Political parties
• Template:Icon Politicians

| list7title = Local government | list7 =

Provinces

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• Provincial politics
• King's commissioner
• Provincial council
• Provincial executive

Municipalities

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• Municipal politics
• Mayor
• Municipal council
• Municipal executive

• Water boards
• Caribbean Netherlands

| list8name = Foreign | list8title = Foreign relations | list8 = Ministry of Foreign Affairs

• Minister: David van Weel

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• Diplomatic missions of / in the Netherlands
• International organisations
• Netherlands Development Cooperation
• Nationality law
• Passport
• Visa requirements
• Visa policy of the Schengen Area
• Visa policy in the Caribbean

| list9title = Related topics | list9 =

• Corruption in the Netherlands
• De Nederlandsche Bank
• Law of the Netherlands
• Modern history
• Republicanism in the Netherlands
• Social and Economic Council

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General elections were held in the Netherlands on 6 March 1888,<ref name=NS>Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1395 Template:ISBN</ref> with a second round in 25 constituencies on 20 March.<ref name="Huygens"/> The Liberal Union emerged as the largest party, winning 46 of the 100 seats in the House of Representatives.<ref>Nohlen & Stöver, p1412</ref>

Background

This was the first election held after the constitutional revision of 1887, achieved by Minister of the Interior Jan Heemskerk, which had several effects on the parliamentary system. Firstly, this revision fixed the number of seats in the House of Representatives at 100. Secondly, it abolished multi-seat electoral districts except in large cities in favour of single-seat districts, thus allowing for better representation of geographically concentrated political minorities. Thirdly, the revision ensured all members of the House of Representatives would be elected simultaneously every four years, replacing the previous system of staggered elections. Finally, the change greatly extended suffrage and allowed for gradual further extension by law.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The election was won by the confessional parties, leading to the first Coalition government, combining Anti-Revolutionaries and Catholics, led by Æneas, Baron Mackay,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> thus heralding a period of Antithesis as championed by Abraham Kuyper, in which government alternated between secular liberals on the left and confessional Anti-Revolutionaries and Catholics on the right.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The election also saw the first socialist elected into the House of Representatives, with Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis, leader of the Social Democratic League, being elected in a rural Frisian district.<ref name=Domela>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Electoral system

Of the 100 seats in the House of Representatives, 79 were elected in single-member constituencies using the two-round system.

The other 21 were elected using two-round plurality block voting in 5 constituencies from 2 to 9 seats. To be elected in the first round, a candidate had to reach an electoral threshold of 50% of the number of valid votes cast, divided by the number of seats up for election in the district.

Results

By district

Template:Figure space Social Democratic   Template:Figure space Liberal   Template:Figure space Conservative   Template:Figure space Anti-Revolutionary   Template:Figure space Catholic  

citation

CitationClass=web }}</ref>
District	Winner		Ref.
Alkmaar		Willem van der Kaay	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Almelo		Willem Cremers	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Amersfoort	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Jan Schimmelpenninck van der Oye	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Amsterdam		Jacob Theodoor Cremer	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Adriaan Gildemeester	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Johan George Gleichman	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Abraham Hartogh	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Bernardus Hermanus Heldt	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Arnold Kerdijk	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Jan Rutgers van Rozenburg	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Johannes Tak van Poortvliet	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Willem Hendrik de Beaufort	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Apeldoorn	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Frederik van Bylandt	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Appingedam		Jan Schepel	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Arnhem		Willem Rooseboom	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Assen		Warmold Albertinus van der Feltz	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Bergen op Zoom		Lambert de Ram	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Bergum	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Okke Tietes Bosgra	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Beverwijk		Jacob Boreel van Hogelanden	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Bodegraven	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Simon van Velzen	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Breda		Louis Michiels van Verduynen	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Breukelen		Willem Jan Roijaards van den Ham	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Brielle		Gerardus Jacobus Goekoop	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Delft	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Jan Christiaan Fabius	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Den Bosch		Pierre Guillaume Jean van der Schrieck	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Den Haag		Lodewijk Gerard Greeve	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Lodewijk van Kempen	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Den Helder		Simon Taco Land	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Deventer		Albertus van Delden	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Doetinchem		Jean Gustave Stanislas Bevers	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Dokkum	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Ulrich Herman Huber	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Dordrecht		Johannes Barendinus van Osenbruggen	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Druten		Frederic Reekers	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Ede	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Levinus Keuchenius	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Eindhoven		Antonius van Baar	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Elst	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Godert Willem van Dedem	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Emmen		Hendrik Jan Smidt	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Enkhuizen		Dirk Visser van Hazerswoude	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Enschede		Willem Jacob Geertsema	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Franeker		Franciscus Lieftinck	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Goes	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Alexander de Savornin Lohman	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Gorinchem	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Hendrik Seret	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Gouda	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Karel Antonie Godin de Beaufort	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Grave		Jan Harte van Tecklenburg	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Groningen		Samuel van Houten	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Jacob Dirk Veegens	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Gulpen		Leonard Ruland	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Haarlem		Antonie Farncombe Sanders	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Haarlemmermeer		Frederic Reekers	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Harlingen	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Walle Melis Oppedijk	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Helmond		Petrus Vermeulen	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Hilversum	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Theodoor Philip Mackay	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Hontenisse		Felix Walter	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Hoorn		Willem Karel van Dedem	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Kampen	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Titus van Asch van Wijck	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Katwijk	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Johannes Hendricus Donner	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Leeuwarden		Johannis Zaaijer	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Leiden		Hendrik Johannes Bool	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Lochem	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Alex Schimmelpenninck van der Oye	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Loosduinen		Arnoldus van Berckel	<ref name="Dr. P.J.F. Vermeulen"/>
Maastricht		Gustave Ruijs van Beerenbroek	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Meppel		Harm Smeenge	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Middelburg	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Christiaan Lucasse	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Nijmegen		Anthonie Ernst Reuther	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Ommen	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Jan van Alphen	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Oostburg	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Nicolaas Glinderman	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Oosterhout		Theodorus Borret	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Rheden		Maximilien Kolkman	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Ridderkerk	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Theo Heemskerk	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Roermond		Hubert Joachim Brouwers	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Rotterdam		Henry David Levyssohn Norman	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Rudolf Pieter Mees	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		George Hermann Hintzen	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Herman Cornelis Verniers van der Loeff	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		Willem Adriaan Viruly Verbrugge	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Schiedam		Jacob Gerard Patijn	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Schoterland	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis	<ref name=Domela/>
Sittard		Jerôme Lambrechts	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Sliedrecht	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Barthold de Geer van Jutphaas	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Sneek	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Willem Gerard Brantsen van de Zijp	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Steenwijk	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Gerard Beelaerts van Blokland	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Tiel		Herman Jacob Dijckmeester	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Tilburg		Bernardus Marie Bahlmann	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Utrecht		Joan Röell	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
		August Seyffardt	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Veendam		Hendrik Goeman Borgesius	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Veghel		Bernardus van Vlijmen	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Venlo		Leopold Haffmans	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Waalwijk		Antonius Franciscus Vos de Wael	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Weert		Jean Clercx	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Wijk bij Duurstede		Herman Schaepman	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Winschoten		Derk de Ruiter Zijlker	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Wolvega	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Ruurd Klazer Okma	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Zaandam		Willem de Meijier	<ref name="W. de Meijier"/>
Zevenbergen		Joannes van Nunen	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Zierikzee		Jacob Johan van Kerkwijk	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Zuidhorn		Eppo Cremers	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Zutphen	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Derck Engelberts	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Zwolle	style="width:5px; background:Template:Party color" |	Alexander van Dedem	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>