1935 Quebec general election

The 1935 Quebec general election was held on November 25, 1935, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of the province of Quebec, Canada. The incumbent Quebec Liberal Party led by Louis-Alexandre Taschereau was re-elected, defeating the Action libérale nationale, led by Paul Gouin, and the Quebec Conservative Party, led by Maurice Duplessis.

It was the fourth and final general election victory in a row for Taschereau, who had held office since 1920. He resigned less than seven months later due to a scandal.

The Action libérale nationale (ALN) was a newly formed party led by the son of former Liberal premier Lomer Gouin. It was established by former Liberals who had become dissatisfied with the party. The ALN and Conservatives formed an alliance, the Union Nationale, to contest this election. They merged after the election to become a single party, which soon became a dominant political force.

Campaign

File:Annonce Liberal 1935 QC.png

Political advertisement for the Quebec Liberal Party in the 1935 election

File:UN on Taschereau 1935.png

UN campaign illustration highlighting Taschereau's supposed views during election

Nominations

There were 208 candidates nominated,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> of which five subsequently withdrew:<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

• Wilfrid Bullock (Ind-Liberal, Shefford)
• Wilfrid Labelle (ALN, Iberville), thus allowing Lucien Lamoureux (Liberal) to be reelected by acclamation
• Roy Sasseville and René Mercier (Ind-Liberals, Gaspé-Nord)
• Arthur Arcand (Ind-Liberal, Montréal–Sainte-Marie), in favour of Gaspard Fauteux (Liberal)

All three candidates returned by acclamation were incumbents:

• Lucien Lamoureux (Lib, Iberville)
• Peter Bercovitch (Lib, Montréal–Saint-Louis)
• Avila Turcotte (Lib, Richelieu)

Distribution of candidates

Riding contests, by number of candidates (1935)<ref name="EQdata"/>

Candidates	Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Lib	Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Ind-G	ALN	Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Con	Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Ind-Lib	Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Ind-Con	Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Lib-Opp	Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Ind-Opp	Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Lab	Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Lib-Lab	Total
Acclaimed	3										3
2	64		40	23			1				128
3	19	2	11	8	14	1			1	1	57
4	4	1	3	1	5			1	1		16
Total	90	3	54	32	19	1	1	1	2	1	204

Controversy in Terrebonne

In Terrebonne, the election of Athanase David was contested on the ground that the ballot papers were not printed in the form prescribed under the Election Act. At the subsequent hearing, the judge ruled that all cast ballots were declared void. Immediately afterwards, the returning officer announced that, as this resulted in a 0–0 tie, he cast his deciding vote in favour of David.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Votes cast in Terrebonne (1935)

Candidate			Initial count<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>	As determined by Returning Officer<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	Athanase David	4,893	1	Template:Ill	4,170	–
Majority			720	1

The returning officer's action was considered to have been without precedent anywhere in the world in countries with parliamentary-style legislatures.<ref name="Gazette19351217">Template:Cite news</ref> The Conservatives lodged an appeal,<ref name="Gazette19351217"/> but the result was upheld by the Quebec Court of Appeal in April 1936.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> David would become the only member of the Assembly in Quebec history to be elected on only one cast vote.<ref>Template:Cite news </ref> Template:Clear

Results

Template:Election table<ref name="EQdata">Template:Cite web</ref> |- ! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Political party ! rowspan=2 | Party leader ! colspan=4 | MLAs ! colspan=4 | Votes |- ! Candidates !1931 !1935 !± !# ! ± !% ! ± (pp) |- |rowspan="3" Template:Canadian party colour|   |style="text-align:left;" colspan="10"|Government candidates |- |style="text-align:left;" |Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|Louis-Alexandre Taschereau |90 |79 |47 |5Template:Increase |249,586 |19,146Template:Decrease |46.53 |8.35Template:Decrease |- |style="text-align:left;" |Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|– |3 |– |– |– |615 |2,172Template:Decrease |0.11 |0.46Template:Decrease |- |rowspan="3" Template:Canadian party colour|   |style="text-align:left;" colspan="10"|Union Nationale alliance |- |style="text-align:left;" |Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|Paul Gouin |53 |– |26 |26Template:Increase |162,205 |Template:N/a |30.24 |Template:N/a |- |style="text-align:left;" |Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|Maurice Duplessis |33 |11 |16 |5Template:Increase |97,469 |115,754Template:Decrease |18.17 |25.37Template:Decrease |- |rowspan="3" Template:Canadian party colour|   |style="text-align:left;" colspan="10"|Opposition candidates |- |style="text-align:left;" |Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|– |1 |– |– |– |1,532 |Template:N/a |0.29 |Template:N/a |- |style="text-align:left;" |Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|– |1 |– |– |– |94 |12Template:Decrease |0.02 |– |- |rowspan="5" Template:Canadian party colour|   |style="text-align:left;" colspan="10"|Other candidates |- |style="text-align:left;" |Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|– |19 |– |1 |1Template:Increase |21,587 |20,522Template:Increase |4.02 |3.80Template:Increase |- |style="text-align:left;" |Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|– |2 |– |– |– |2,238 |1,757Template:Increase |0.42 |0.32Template:Increase |- |style="text-align:left;" |Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|– |1 |– |– |– |998 |Template:N/a |0.19 |Template:N/a |- |style="text-align:left;" |Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|– |1 |– |– |– |37 |547Template:Decrease |– |0.12Template:Decrease |- ! colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Total | 204 ! " colspan="3"| 90 ! " colspan="2"| 536,361 ! " colspan="2"| 100% |- | colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" | Rejected ballots | 15,232 | 11,042Template:Increase | colspan="2"| |- | colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" | Voter turnout | 551,593 | 57,708Template:Increase | 76.16 | 0.85Template:Decrease |- | colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" | Registered electors (contested ridings only) | 724,260 | 82,936Template:Increase | colspan="2"| |- | colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" | Candidates returned by acclamation | 3 | 3Template:Increase | colspan="4"| |}

Synopsis of results

Results by riding - 1935 Quebec general election<ref name="EQdata"/><ref name="MNAdata">Template:Cite web</ref>

Riding	Winning party								Turnout <ref group=a>including spoilt ballots</ref>	Votes<ref group=a>Affiliations without candidates gaining 1st or 2nd place results provincewide, or otherwise not receiving more than 1% of the total vote, are grouped under "I-Oth" or "Other"</ref>
Name	1931		Party		Votes	Share	Margin #	Margin %		Lib	Template:Abbr	Con	Template:Abbr	Template:Abbr	Template:Abbr	Template:Abbr	Total
Abitibi		Lib		Lib	6,088	55.78%	1,261	11.55%	80.85%	6,088	–	4,827	–	–	–	–	10,915
Argenteuil		Lib		Lib	2,412	51.31%	123	2.62%	77.61%	2,412	2,289	–	–	–	–	–	4,701
Arthabaska		Lib		Lib	4,143	69.36%	2,313	38.72%	84.12%	4,143	–	1,830	–	–	–	–	5,973
Bagot		Lib		Lib	2,386	57.98%	657	15.97%	89.06%	2,386	1,729	–	–	–	–	–	4,115
Beauce		Lib		ALN	6,862	80.41%	5,190	60.82%	83.45%	1,672	6,862	–	–	–	–	–	8,534
Beauharnois		Lib		Con	2,706	53.38%	343	6.77%	82.16%	2,363	–	2,706	–	–	–	–	5,069
Bellechasse		Lib		Lib	2,483	54.08%	375	8.17%	83.22%	2,483	2,108	–	–	–	–	–	4,591
Berthier		Lib		Lib	2,897	58.77%	865	17.55%	91.58%	2,897	2,032	–	–	–	–	–	4,929
Bonaventure		Lib		Lib	4,507	62.56%	1,810	25.12%	81.86%	4,507	2,697	–	–	–	–	–	7,204
Brome		Lib		Lib	1,999	57.28%	508	14.56%	82.19%	1,999	–	1,491	–	–	–	–	3,490
Chambly		Con		Lib	3,023	54.95%	545	9.91%	71.87%	3,023	–	2,478	–	–	–	–	5,501
Champlain		Lib		ALN	3,257	56.20%	719	12.41%	76.09%	2,538	3,257	–	–	–	–	–	5,795
Charlevoix—Saguenay		Lib		Lib	5,220	65.57%	2,479	31.14%	76.76%	5,220	2,741	–	–	–	–	–	7,961
Châteauguay		Lib		Lib	1,967	58.04%	545	16.08%	86.26%	1,967	1,422	–	–	–	–	–	3,389
Chicoutimi		Lib		ALN	7,484	72.60%	4,659	45.19%	76.25%	2,825	7,484	–	–	–	–	–	10,309
Compton		Lib		Con	2,803	52.27%	243	4.53%	83.19%	2,560	–	2,803	–	–	–	–	5,363
Deux-Montagnes		Con		Lib	1,848	50.19%	14	0.38%	92.53%	1,848	–	1,834	–	–	–	–	3,682
Dorchester		Lib		ALN	3,661	55.94%	777	11.87%	84.37%	2,884	3,661	–	–	–	–	–	6,545
Drummond		Lib		Lib	3,245	47.57%	20	0.29%	79.71%	3,245	–	3,225	351	–	–	–	6,821
Frontenac		Lib		ALN	3,310	62.19%	1,298	24.39%	84.57%	2,012	3,310	–	–	–	–	–	5,322
Gaspé-Nord		Lib		Lib	1,228	44.27%	96	3.46%	83.41%	1,228	414	–	1,132	–	–	–	2,774
Gaspé-Sud		Lib		Lib	3,019	50.42%	1,281	21.39%	86.10%	3,019	–	660	2,309	–	–	–	5,988
Gatineau		Lib		Lib	2,793	57.95%	766	15.89%	63.66%	2,793	2,027	–	–	–	–	–	4,820
Hull		Con		Lib	3,053	48.93%	795	12.74%	59.29%	3,053	–	2,258	928	–	–	–	6,239
Huntingdon		Con		Con	1,750	54.79%	306	9.58%	83.59%	1,444	–	1,750	–	–	–	–	3,194
Iberville		Lib		Lib	acclaimed (opponent withdrew)
Îles-de-la-Madeleine		Lib		Lib	1,358	67.29%	963	47.72%	87.20%	1,358	395	–	265	–	–	–	2,018
Jacques-Cartier		Lib		ALN	4,909	56.84%	1,182	13.69%	73.16%	3,727	4,909	–	–	–	–	–	8,636
Joliette		Lib		Lib	3,484	53.32%	434	6.64%	86.80%	3,484	–	3,050	–	–	–	–	6,534
Kamouraska		Lib		Lib	2,918	57.27%	741	14.54%	83.99%	2,918	2,177	–	–	–	–	–	5,095
L'Assomption		Lib		ALN	1,969	50.80%	62	1.60%	89.29%	1,907	1,969	–	–	–	–	–	3,876
L'Islet		Lib		Lib	2,454	59.32%	771	18.64%	81.33%	2,454	1,683	–	–	–	–	–	4,137
Labelle		Lib		ALN	2,604	62.93%	1,070	25.86%	80.81%	1,534	2,604	–	–	–	–	–	4,138
Lac-Saint-Jean		Lib		Con	2,255	50.59%	53	1.19%	86.90%	2,202	–	2,255	–	–	–	–	4,457
Laval		Lib		Con	10,125	53.62%	2,412	12.77%	69.50%	7,713	–	10,125	1,044	–	–	–	18,882
Laviolette		Lib		ALN	3,497	61.00%	1,261	22.00%	72.64%	2,236	3,497	–	–	–	–	–	5,733
Lévis		Lib		ALN	3,346	42.33%	595	7.53%	86.19%	1,808	3,346	–	2,751	–	–	–	7,905
Lotbinière		Lib		Lib	4,088	80.58%	3,103	61.17%	77.67%	4,088	985	–	–	–	–	–	5,073
Maisonneuve		Lib		Con	9,408	56.34%	2,757	16.51%	65.26%	6,651	–	9,408	–	–	639	–	16,698
Maskinongé		Lib		Lib	2,319	64.20%	1,026	28.41%	78.04%	2,319	1,293	–	–	–	–	–	3,612
Matane		Lib		Lib	2,780	57.53%	728	15.07%	72.12%	2,780	2,052	–	–	–	–	–	4,832
Matapédia		Lib		Lib	2,809	50.86%	95	1.72%	86.71%	2,809	2,714	–	–	–	–	–	5,523
Mégantic		Lib		ALN	4,480	59.06%	1,375	18.13%	84.61%	3,105	4,480	–	–	–	–	–	7,585
Missisquoi		Lib		Con	2,686	53.23%	481	9.53%	83.64%	2,205	–	2,686	–	–	–	155	5,046
Montcalm		Lib		Lib	1,763	52.77%	185	5.54%	85.17%	1,763	–	1,578	–	–	–	–	3,341
Montmagny		Lib		ALN	2,340	52.51%	224	5.03%	83.87%	2,116	2,340	–	–	–	–	–	4,456
Montmorency		Lib		Lib	2,196	56.26%	489	12.53%	90.42%	2,196	1,707	–	–	–	–	–	3,903
Montréal-Dorion		Lib		ALN	4,979	56.17%	1,094	12.34%	66.99%	3,885	4,979	–	–	–	–	–	8,864
Montréal-Laurier		Lib		ALN	2,471	35.00%	872	12.35%	60.15%	1,594	2,471	–	1,397	–	1,599	–	7,061
Montréal-Mercier		Lib		Lib	9,071	50.05%	776	4.28%	71.30%	9,071	8,295	–	757	–	–	–	18,123
Montréal–Saint-Georges		Con		Con	1,414	55.54%	282	11.08%	49.90%	1,132	–	1,414	–	–	–	–	2,546
Montréal–Saint-Henri		Lib		ALN	2,418	35.03%	128	1.85%	67.09%	2,290	2,418	–	2,194	–	–	–	6,902
Montreal–Saint-Jacques		Lib		Con	3,036	50.38%	46	0.76%	72.49%	2,990	–	3,036	–	–	–	–	6,026
Montréal–Saint-Laurent		Lib		Lib	3,351	76.72%	2,334	53.43%	94.25%	3,351	–	1,017	–	–	–	–	4,368
Montréal–Saint-Louis		Lib		Lib	acclaimed (receiving officer not available to receive opponent's nomination papers)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Montreal–Sainte-Anne		Lib		I-Lib	1,541	46.25%	550	16.51%	65.12%	991	716	–	1,541	–	–	84	3,332
Montréal–Sainte-Marie		Lib		ALN	4,782	49.92%	361	3.77%	66.11%	4,421	4,782	–	–	–	–	376	9,579
Montréal-Verdun		Con		Con	6,518	49.06%	3,017	22.71%	58.53%	3,501	–	6,518	3,268	–	–	–	13,287
Napierville-Laprairie		Lib		Lib	2,641	58.74%	1,158	25.76%	88.68%	2,641	1,483	–	372	–	–	–	4,496
Nicolet		Lib		Lib	3,427	54.41%	556	8.83%	79.82%	3,427	–	2,871	–	–	–	–	6,298
Papineau		Lib		ALN	4,075	56.72%	966	13.45%	73.11%	3,109	4,075	–	–	–	–	–	7,184
Pontiac		Lib		Lib	1,779	44.31%	62	1.54%	67.79%	1,779	1,717	–	519	–	–	–	4,015
Portneuf		Lib		ALN	4,502	56.32%	1,047	13.10%	84.49%	3,455	4,502	–	–	–	–	37	7,994
Québec-Centre		Lib		ALN	3,824	52.74%	398	5.49%	80.81%	3,426	3,824	–	–	–	–	–	7,250
Québec-Comté		Lib		Lib	3,987	48.07%	234	2.82%	91.36%	3,987	3,753	–	554	–	–	–	8,294
Québec-Est		Lib		ALN	5,629	57.61%	1,487	15.22%	84.13%	4,142	5,629	–	–	–	–	–	9,771
Québec-Ouest		Lib		Lib	1,894	58.44%	547	16.88%	81.71%	1,894	–	1,347	–	–	–	–	3,241
Richelieu		Lib		Lib	acclaimed (opponent withdrew)
Richmond		Lib		Con	3,170	55.58%	637	11.17%	83.23%	2,533	–	3,170	–	–	–	–	5,703
Rimouski		Lib		Lib	3,055	53.49%	399	6.99%	79.54%	3,055	2,656	–	–	–	–	–	5,711
Rivière-du-Loup		Lib		Lib	3,866	59.26%	1,208	18.52%	84.53%	3,866	2,658	–	–	–	–	–	6,524
Roberval		Lib		ALN	3,768	60.56%	1,611	25.89%	81.59%	2,157	3,768	–	297	–	–	–	6,222
Rouville		Con		Con	1,938	53.08%	225	6.16%	87.16%	1,713	–	1,938	–	–	–	–	3,651
Saint-Hyacinthe		Lib		Lib	3,381	53.68%	463	7.35%	86.13%	3,381	2,918	–	–	–	–	–	6,299
Saint-Jean		Lib		Lib	2,626	63.16%	1,094	26.31%	79.55%	2,626	–	–	–	1,532	–	–	4,158
Saint-Maurice		Lib		ALN	4,219	59.72%	1,373	19.43%	82.05%	2,846	4,219	–	–	–	–	–	7,065
Saint-Sauveur		Con		Con	4,184	50.51%	1,082	13.06%	85.80%	3,102	–	4,184	–	–	–	998	8,284
Shefford		Lib		ALN	3,708	53.30%	459	6.60%	85.29%	3,249	3,708	–	–	–	–	–	6,957
Sherbrooke		Lib		ALN	4,777	60.68%	1,681	21.35%	75.06%	3,096	4,777	–	–	–	–	–	7,873
Soulanges		Lib		Lib	1,287	57.66%	342	15.32%	85.75%	1,287	–	945	–	–	–	–	2,232
Stanstead		Lib		ALN	2,871	52.98%	323	5.96%	77.22%	2,548	2,871	–	–	–	–	–	5,419
Témiscamingue		Lib		ALN	2,929	53.63%	1,343	24.59%	70.10%	1,586	2,929	–	853	–	–	94	5,462
Témiscouata		Lib		Lib	2,112	53.25%	258	6.51%	87.03%	2,112	1,854	–	–	–	–	–	3,966
Terrebonne		Lib		Lib	Returning officer cast sole ballot (all others declared void)
Trois-Rivières		Con		Con	4,873	57.03%	1,202	14.07%	86.70%	3,671	–	4,873	–	–	–	–	8,544
Vaudreuil		Lib		Lib	1,120	37.35%	65	2.17%	84.65%	1,120	–	824	1,055	–	–	–	2,999
Verchères		Lib		Lib	2,077	64.50%	934	29.01%	90.87%	2,077	1,143	–	–	–	–	–	3,220
Westmount		Con		Con	8,288	55.75%	1,709	11.50%	46.39%	6,579	–	8,288	–	–	–	–	14,867
Wolfe		Lib		Lib	2,023	51.89%	147	3.77%	88.27%	2,023	1,876	–	–	–	–	–	3,899
Yamaska		Con		Con	2,080	52.39%	190	4.79%	91.93%	1,890	–	2,080	–	–	–	–	3,970

Template:Color box = open seat

Template:Color box = turnout is above provincial average

Template:Color box = winning candidate was in previous Legislature

Template:Color box = incumbent had switched allegiance

Template:Color box = not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature

Template:Color box = incumbency arose from byelection gain

Template:Color box = previously incumbent in another riding

Template:Color box = other incumbents renominated

Template:Color box = previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada

Template:Color box = multiple candidates

Analysis

Template:Canadian party colourTemplate:Canadian party colourTemplate:Canadian party colour

Party candidates in 2nd place<ref name="EQdata"/><ref group=a>excluding acclamations and Terrebonne result</ref>

Party in 1st place		Party in 2nd place						Total
		Lib	ALN	CON	Ind-Lib	Lib-Opp	Lab
	26	13	3	1		43
	Action libérale nationale	24			1		1	26
16						16
1						1
Total		41	26	13	4	1	1	86

Candidates ranked 1st to 4th place, by party<ref name="EQdata"/>

Parties	Acclaimed	Declared	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	Total
Template:Canadian party colour	3	1	43	41	2		90
Template:Canadian party colour			26	26	2		54
Template:Canadian party colour			16	13	2		31
Template:Canadian party colour			1	4	12	2	19
Template:Canadian party colour				1	1		2
Template:Canadian party colour				1			1
Template:Canadian party colour					2	1	3
Template:Canadian party colour					1		1
Template:Canadian party colour					1		1
Template:Canadian party colour						1	1

Resulting composition of the 19th Quebec Legislative Assembly<ref name="MNAdata"/>

Source		Party
		Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Lib	ALN	Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Con	Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Ind-Lib	Total
Seats retained	Incumbents returned	31		8		39
	Incumbents returned - acclaimed and declared	4				4
	Open seats held	9				9
Seats changing hands	Incumbents defeated - new MLAs	1	14	5		20
	Incumbents defeated - previous members returned	1		1		2
	Open seats gained	1	11	2	1	15
	Incumbent changed allegiance		1			1
Total		47	26	16	1	90

See also

• List of Quebec premiers
• Politics of Quebec
• Timeline of Quebec history
• List of Quebec political parties
• 19th Legislative Assembly of Quebec

Further reading

• Template:Cite book