Aero A.300
Template:Infobox aircraft The Aero A.300 was a Czechoslovak bomber aircraft that first flew in 1938 as a much refined development of the A.304. It was designed by Aero to meet a requirement for a bomber-reconnaissance aircraft for the Czechoslovak Air Force, the Aero A-304 transport/bomber formed the basis for its design. It was a four-seat aircraft powered by two Bristol Mercury IX radial engines . The A-300 was faster than any other Czechoslovak aircraft in the inventory except for the Avia B-35 fighter. Despite showing much promise, development and production of the aircraft was stopped by the German occupation of Czechoslovakia.
Development and design
In July 1936, the Czech aircraft manufacturer Aero Vodochody offered a concept design for an aircraft to meet a specification issued by the Czechoslovak Ministry of Defence earlier that year. Aero's proposed design, the Aero A-300, was derived from the earlier Aero A.304 bomber-trainer (itself based on the A.204 airliner), and resulted in an order to continue development being placed in 1937,Template:Sfn with work beginning on construction of a prototype that year.Template:Sfn
The A-300 was a twin-engined, low-wing monoplane of mixed wood and metal construction, with a retractable tailwheel undercarriage, that was intended to carry out both bombing and reconnaissance missions. The wings were of wooden construction, while the fuselage had a chrome-molybdenum steel-tube structure, with a duralumin and wood frame covered by sheet metal making the outer shape of the aircraft.Template:Sfn The aircraft was powered by two Bristol Mercury IX radial engines driving three-bladed propellers and rated at Template:Convert at Template:Convert.Template:Sfn The aircraft had a crew of four,Template:Sfn with a bomb-aimer/observer/gunner sitting in the nose, a single pilot in an enclosed cockpit, a gunner operating a dorsal turret behind the cockpit and a gunner/radio operator in the rear fuselage. Defensive armament consisted of three vz.30 machine guns,<ref group="lower-alpha">These were improved Czech derivatives of the Vickers Class E aircraft machine guns, themselves an export version of the Vickers Machine Gun.Template:Sfn</ref> one in the nose, one in the dorsal turret and one in the rear fuselage. A bombload of Template:Convert could be carried in vertical cells in the fuselage.Template:Sfn
Completion of the prototype was slowed by technical problems, and in particular problems with the aircraft's retractable undercarriage. Other issues included that the British-built Mercury engines were not cleared to use the standard Czechoslovak "Bi-bo-li" aircraft fuel (a mixture of 50% gasoline, 20% benzine and 30% ethanol) and had to use imported 87 octane fuel. The prototype made its first flight at Prague–Kbely Airport in April 1938.Template:Sfn
The prototype was transferred to the VTLU, the military technical aviation institute, for further testing in August 1938.Template:Sfn This was generally successful, and in November that year, the aircraft was declared to have passed testing, and it was decided to order an initial batch of 10–15 aircraft, to be powered by license-built Mercury engines, under the designation B-72. Template:Sfn Development was stopped, however, by the German Occupation of Czechoslovakia in March 1939.Template:Sfn The prototype was seized by the Germans and was taken to Bremen for study by Focke-Wulf before being scrapped.Template:Sfn
Specifications (A.300)
See also
Template:Sister project Template:Aircontent