Archibald Bulloch
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Archibald Stobo Bulloch (January 1, 1730 – February 22, 1777) was an American lawyer, military officer and politician who served as the seventh governor of Georgia from 1776 to 1777. Born in the Province of South Carolina, Bulloch fought in the Georgia Militia during the American Revolution, and was also a great-grandfather of Martha Bulloch Roosevelt, and great-great-grandfather of Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Early life
Bulloch was born in 1730 in Charleston, South Carolina. He was the son of James Bulloch (1701–1780) and his wife Jean (daughter of Rev Archibald Stobo), both Scots, and was named after his maternal grandfather.<ref>ODNB; Archibald Stobo Bulloch</ref> After receiving his education in Charleston, he began to practice law and was commissioned as a lieutenant in the South Carolina militia.<ref name="ABbioguide">Template:Cite web</ref>
The Bulloch family moved to the Province of Georgia in 1758, where in 1764 Bulloch moved to Savannah. He was elected to the colonial legislature in 1768.<ref name="ABbioguide"/>
Revolution
Bulloch was an early supporter of the revolution in Georgia as a member of the Friends of Liberty. He served as President of the 1st and 2nd Provincial Congresses of Georgia, and was a delegate in 1775 to the Continental Congress. There, he won John Adams's praise for his "Abilities and Fortitude".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In the Continental Congress, he was a member of the Secret Committee, which was responsible for gathering war supplies.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Speaking to the Provincial Congress, Bulloch said, "This is no time to talk of moderation; in the present instance it ceases to be a virtue."<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Bulloch is also recorded as having been a Freemason in Georgia. His name is listed on the 1779 Masonic rolls of Solomon's Lodge No. 1 at Savannah along with George Walton, John Adam Treutlen, James Jackson,Template:Citation needed Nathaniel Pendelton, and General Samuel Elbert.
Bulloch would have been a signer of the Declaration of Independence, but decided to return to Georgia to aid the revolution there. He wrote to John Adams, "Such a series of Victory having attended the American Arms, emboldens us further to trust in Providence, that has so remarkably interposed in our behalf, and we cannot but entertain the most sanguine Hopes, of still preserving our most invaluable Liberties."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Adams was disappointed that Bulloch would not be able to sign the Declaration, saying, "I was greatly disappointed, Sir, in the information you gave me, that you should be prevented from revisiting Philadelphia."<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
In 1776, Bulloch fought under the command of Colonel Lachlan McIntosh in the Battle of the Rice Boats on March 2. In later March, he led the raid on Tybee Island to recapture fugitive slaves who had fled to the British. On June 20, 1776, he was chosen to be the first President and Commander-in-Chief of Georgia under the state's temporary republican government.<ref>Template:Cite webTemplate:Dead link</ref> When he signed the state constitution on February 20, 1777, his position transferred from president to governor of Georgia. He was thus Georgia's first chief executive under a proper constitutional government, but the third chief executive in all, following the brief tenures of presidents William Ewen and George Walton.
Death
Bulloch died in Savannah while preparing to defend against the British invasion of Georgia in 1777. There is some speculation that he was poisoned, although this has never been proven. His death was a severe blow, as his was the only leadership that united the Whig factions in the troubled young state.<ref name="nga">Template:Cite web</ref> He is buried in Savannah's Colonial Park Cemetery.<ref name="ABbioguide" />
Personal life
On October 10, 1764, Bulloch was married to Mary De Veaux (1748–1818), the daughter of Ann (née Fairchild) De Veaux and Col. James De Veaux, a prominent Savannah landowner. Together, they were the parents of:
- Archibald Stobo Bulloch Jr. (1775–1859), who had built the Archibald Bulloch House.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
- William Bellinger Bulloch (1777–1852), who later represented Georgia in the United States Senate.<ref name="WBBbioguide">Template:Cite web</ref>
Legacy
Archibald's great-great-grandson was President Theodore Roosevelt.<ref name="ABbioguide" /> His great-great-great granddaughter was First Lady of the United States Eleanor Roosevelt. Theodore Roosevelt's son Archibald was named after his ancestor.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Bulloch County, Georgia, is named after him.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
References
External links
Template:Portal Template:Commons category
- Template:CongBio
- Article in New Georgia Encyclopedia Template:Webarchive
- Archibald Bulloch historical marker
Template:S-start Template:S-off Template:Succession box Template:S-end
- 1730 births
- 1777 deaths
- 18th-century American lawyers
- Bulloch family
- Continental Congressmen from Georgia (U.S. state)
- People from colonial Georgia (British America)
- Georgia (U.S. state) lawyers
- Georgia (U.S. state) militiamen in the American Revolution
- Governors of Georgia (U.S. state)
- People of Georgia (U.S. state) in the American Revolution
- Politicians from Savannah, Georgia
- Independent state governors of the United States
- Georgia (U.S. state) independents
- American slave owners
- Speakers of the Georgia Commons House of Assembly
- United States military personnel killed in the American Revolutionary War