Argyll and Bute

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Argyll and Bute (Template:Langx; Template:Langx, {{#invoke:IPA|main}}) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland and a lieutenancy area. The current lord-lieutenant for Argyll and Bute is Jane Margaret MacLeod (14 July 2020).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The administrative centre for the council area is in Lochgilphead at Kilmory Castle, a 19th-century Gothic Revival building and estate. The current council leader is Councillor Jim Lynch.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Argyll and Bute covers the second-largest administrative area of any Scottish council. The council area adjoins those of Highland, Perth and Kinross, Stirling and West Dunbartonshire.

History

The County of Bute and the County of Argyll were two of the historic counties of Scotland. They were both "shires" (context; the area controlled by a sheriff) in the Middle Ages. From 1890 until 1975 both counties had individual separate elected county councils.<ref>Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889 (52 & 53 Vict. c. 50)</ref>

In 1975, under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973, Scotland's counties, burghs and landward districts were abolished and replaced with upper-tier regions and lower-tier districts. The Strathclyde region was created covering a large part of western Scotland. Strathclyde was divided into nineteen districts, one of which the 1973 Act called "Argyll", covering most of the former county of Argyll, but also including the Isle of Bute from the County of Bute. The shadow authority elected in 1974 requested a change of name to "Argyll and Bute", which was agreed by the government before the new district came into being on 16 May 1975.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} (See downloadable boundary-legislation-changes-from-1973.xls spreadsheet.)</ref>

As created in 1975, the Argyll and Bute district covered the whole area of fourteen of Argyll's sixteen districts and part of a fifteenth, plus two from the County of Bute's five districts, which were all abolished at the same time:<ref name=1973act>Template:Cite legislation UK</ref><ref>Template:London Gazette</ref>

From the County of Argyll: Template:Div col

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From the County of Bute: Template:Div col

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The two County of Bute districts together corresponded to the whole Isle of Bute. The rest of the County of Bute, being the Isle of Arran and the Cumbraes, went to Cunninghame district. The Ardnamurchan district from Argyll went to the Lochaber district of Highland.<ref name=1973act/> The new district was made a single Argyll and Bute lieutenancy area.<ref>Template:Cite legislation UK</ref>

Local government was reformed again in 1996 under the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994, which abolished the regions and districts created in 1975, replacing them with unitary council areas. Argyll and Bute became one of the new council areas, but had its territory enlarged to include the town of Helensburgh and surrounding rural areas, which had been in the Dumbarton district prior to 1996, and had formed part of the county of Dunbartonshire prior to 1975. The Helensburgh area had voted in a referendum in 1994 to join Argyll and Bute rather than stay with Dumbarton.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite legislation UK</ref>

Council

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Transport

Railways

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File:Train crossing Loch Awe - March 2016 (geograph 4866471).jpg
A train crossing Loch Awe

The main railway line in Argyll and Bute is the West Highland Line, which links Oban to Glasgow, passing through much of the eastern and northern parts of the area. From the south the line enters Argyll and Bute just to the west of Dumbarton, continuing north via Helensburgh Upper to the eastern shores of the Gare Loch and Loch Long. The line comes inland at Arrochar and Tarbet to meet the western shore of Loch Lomond. At the northern end of the loch the lines leaves Argyll and Bute to enter Stirling council area. The Oban branch of the West Highland Line re-enters the area just west of Tyndrum, and heads west to Oban: stations on this section of the line include Dalmally and Taynuilt railway station. The majority of services on the line are operated by ScotRail: as of 2019 the summer service has six trains a day to Oban, with four on Sundays. In addition to the ScotRail service is the nightly Caledonian Sleeper, although this does not run on the Oban branch.<ref name=OS>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Helensburgh also has a much more frequent service into Glasgow and beyond via the North Clyde Line, which has its western terminus at the town's central railway station.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Roads

File:Argyll and Bute - geograph.org.uk - 308733.jpg
The A82, looking north

The main trunk roads in Argyll and Bute are:<ref name=OS/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Ferry services

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File:Isle of Mull & Isle of Lewis At Oban, 9 May 2017.jpg
MV Isle of Mull and MV Isle of Lewis at Oban harbour, 2017
File:Scotland Argyll Bute Kennacraig Pier – MV Hebridean Isles 02.JPG
MV Hebridean Isles docked at Kennacraig
File:Oban Ferry Terminal - geograph.org.uk - 1375123.jpg
Oban Ferry Terminal

Due to its heavily indented coastline and many islands, ferries form an important part of the council area's transport system. The main ferry operator in Argyll and Bute is Caledonian MacBrayne (CalMac), which operates services from the mainland to most of the inhabited islands. Several other routes are operated by commercial operators, usually on contract to the council, although the Western Ferries service across the Firth of Clyde is run on a commercial basis.

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  • Coll and Tiree are each served from Oban, via a CalMac service that also provides links between the two islands, and a once-weekly link to Barra.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Islay is served by a CalMac route from Kennacraig in Kintyre. The service is timetabled to utilise either one of two ports on the island, with both Port Askaig and Port Ellen having a service to the mainland.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Feolin on Jura is linked to Port Askaig on Islay via a vehicle ferry run by ASP Ship Management on behalf of Argyll and Bute Council.<ref name=asp/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> There is also a passenger-only service between the island's main centre, Craighouse, and Tayvallich on the mainland that is operated by Islay Sea Safaris.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Kerrera is linked to Gallanach (about Template:Cvt southwest of Oban) by a passenger-only service operated by CalMac.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Lismore is served by two ferries, a vehicle and passenger service operated by CalMac that runs from Oban,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> and a passenger-only service from Port Appin that is operated by ASP Ship Management on behalf of Argyll and Bute Council.<ref name=asp>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Mull is served by a route between Oban and Craignure on the island's east coast,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> as well as routes across the Sound of Mull (between Lochaline and Fishnish, and Tobermory and Kilchoan). All three routes are operated by CalMac.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

    • Iona is linked to Mull via a CalMac service from Fionnphort at Mull's southwest tip.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • The island of Seil, which itself is linked to the mainland via the Clachan Bridge, has links to two further islands: Easdale and Luing. Both services are operated by ASP Ship Management on behalf of Argyll and Bute Council.<ref name=asp/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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There are also routes connecting some mainland locations in Argyll and Bute to other parts of the mainland:

  • There is a CalMac service across Loch Fyne which provides a link between Portavadie in Cowal and Tarbert in Kintyre.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> This route was for a period run by a CalMac subsidiary company, Argyll Ferries, but has since January 2019 been operated directly by CalMac.<ref name="Gourock - Kilcreggan">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • CalMac provide a limited (3 ferry each way per week) service between Campbeltown in Kintyre and Ardrosssan in North Aryshire during the summer months.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Western Ferries, a commercial operator, runs a vehicle and passenger service between Hunters Quay to McInroy's Point that also provides a link between Cowal and Inverclyde in (partial) competition with the subsidised CalMac service.
  • A service operated by Clyde Marine Services on behalf of Strathclyde Partnership for Transport runs between Kilcreggan and Gourock pier, providing a link from the Rosneath peninsula to the rail network at Gourock.<ref name="Gourock - Kilcreggan"/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Argyll and Bute also has ferry services linking it to islands in neighbouring council areas:

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  • Lochranza on Arran, in North Ayrshire, has a year-round service to Kintyre: during the summer the mainland port used is Claonaig, however in winter the service is reduced to a single daily return crossing from Tarbert.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> There is also a passenger-only ferry service linking Campbeltown and Port Ellen on Islay with Ballycastle in County Antrim, Northern Ireland, running seasonally from April to September, operated by West Coast Tours as the Kintyre Express.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Demographics

Languages

The 2022 Scottish Census reported that out of 84,096 residents aged three and over, 20,434 (24.3%) considered themselves able to speak or read the Scots language. <ref>[1]</ref>

The 2022 Scottish Census reported that out of 84,098 residents aged three and over, 3,637 (4.3%) considered themselves able to speak or read Gaelic. <ref>[https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/webapi/opentable?id=019a2022-ecdd-77ea-96ad-569f0c5b3786</ref> This puts Argyll and Bute as the council area with the third highest proficiency in Gaelic, below the Highlands and the Western Isles.

Cultural references

The later scenes of the 1963 James Bond film From Russia with Love were filmed around the lochs and hills of Argyll and Bute.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The area has also been indirectly immortalised in popular culture by the 1977 hit song "Mull of Kintyre" by then-Kintyre resident Paul McCartney's band of the time, Wings.

Communities

The area is divided into 56 community council areas, all of which have community councils as at 2023.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Div col

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Settlements

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Largest settlements by population:

Settlement Population (Template:Scottish settlement population citation)<ref name="auto">Template:Scottish settlement population citation</ref>
Helensburgh Template:Scottish locality population
Oban Template:Scottish locality population
Dunoon Template:Scottish locality population
Campbeltown Template:Scottish locality population
Rothesay Template:Scottish locality population
Garelochhead Template:Scottish locality population
Lochgilphead Template:Scottish locality population
Cardross Template:Scottish locality population
Rhu Template:Scottish locality population
Sandbank Template:Scottish locality population
Kilcreggan Template:Scottish locality population

Places of interest

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File:Kilchurn Castle reflection.jpg
Kilchurn Castle reflected on Loch Awe
File:Inveraray Castle, Argyll and Bute, Scotland-31May2010.jpg
Inveraray Castle, Argyll and Bute, Scotland
File:Beinn ime from the butterbridge.jpg
Beinn ime from the butterbridge
File:Clachan Bridge.jpg
Clachan Bridge

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Islands

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File:Grob Bagh Beach, Isle of Gigha - geograph.org.uk - 6164907.jpg
Grob Bagh Beach, Isle of Gigha - geograph.org.uk - 6164907
File:Tiree from ferry pier - geograph.org.uk - 5465755.jpg
Tiree from ferry pier - geograph.org.uk - 5465755
File:Inveruglas Isle.jpg
Inveruglas Isle

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Parliament constituencies

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See also

References

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