Arnold van Keppel, 1st Earl of Albemarle

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox noble Arnold Joost van Keppel, 1st Earl of Albemarle (January 1670Template:Snd30 May 1718) was a Dutch States Army officer who fought for William III of England and became the first Earl of Albemarle.Template:Sfn He had a very close relationship with William and proved a capable cavalry commander. In the latter stages of the War of the Spanish Succession he sometimes assumed Dutch supreme command in absence of Claude Frédéric t'Serclaes, Count of Tilly.

Life

Arnold Joost van Keppel was born in the De Voorst country house near Zutphen in the Dutch Republic. Born in 1670 and was the heir of a junior branch of an ancient and noble family in Gelderland; the son of Oswald van Keppel and his wife Anna Geertruid van Lintelo. De Voorst is a large country house near Zutphen, financed by William III, and not unlike the royal palace Het Loo in Apeldoorn. He achieved fame and wealth as the right-hand man of William III of Orange. He became the page of honour to William III in his mid-teens, possibly as early as 1685.<ref>Fifty years of my life By George Thomas Keppel Albemarle (Earl of); p. 303.</ref><ref>Mrs. Keppel and Her Daughter By Diana Souham; p. 19.</ref> It has been claimed that he was William's lover, but no conclusive evidence has been discovered.Template:Sfn Keppel accompanied William to England in the Glorious Revolution of 1688.Template:Sfn

While some have suggested their association began when Keppel was only 16, others argue a later date, possibly at the time of a hunting accident when he is said to have attracted the king's attention by his uncomplaining demeanour upon breaking a leg.<ref>Royal mistresses By Charles Carlton; p. 93.</ref><ref>The Anglo-Dutch favourite By David Onnekink: p. 229.</ref> Public commentary on the relationship intensified in 1692 when Keppel began to receive grants of land from the king.<ref>Perilous enlightenment By George Sebastian Rousseau; p. 24.</ref> He became Groom of the Bedchamber and Master of the Robes in 1695. In 1696, he was created the Viscount Bury in Lancashire, and the Baron Ashford of Ashford, Kent. On 10 February 1697, William made Van Keppel the Earl of Albemarle.Template:Sfn In 1699, he was awarded the command of the First Life Guards.<ref name=jesse>Memoirs of the court of England from ... 1688 to the death of George the second By John Heneage Jesse; p. 235.</ref>

Arnold van Keppel in 1698

In 1700, William gave Albemarle extensive lands in Ireland, but Parliament obliged the king to cancel this grant. William instead granted him £50,000. The same year he was created a Knight of the Garter.Template:Sfn He served both with the English and Dutch troops, was a major-general in 1697, colonel of several regiments and governor of 's-Hertogenbosch.

Handsome and engaging, he rivalled Portland (whose jealousy he aroused in the royal favour), possessed William's full confidence, and accompanied him everywhere. In February 1702 William, then prostrated with his last illness, sent Albemarle to the Netherlands to arrange the coming campaign, and he only returned in time to receive William's last commissions on his deathbed,Template:Sfn including being entrusted with the king's private papers.<ref name=jesse/>

After the death of William III, who bequeathed to him ƒ200,000 and the lordship of Bredevoort,<ref>Ada Peele, Een uitzonderlijke erfgenaam: De verdeling van de nalatenschap van Koning-Stadhouder Willem III en een consequentie daarvan: Pruisisch heerlijk gezag in Hooge en Lage Zwaluwe, 1702-1754 (Hilversum: Verloren, 2013), pp. 53–54.</ref> Albemarle returned to the Netherlands, took his seat as a noble in the States-General, and became a general of cavalry in the Dutch army. He joined the forces of the allies in 1703 in the War of Spanish Succession, was present at the Battle of Ramillies in 1706, and at Oudenaarde in 1708, and distinguished himself at the Siege of Lille. He commanded at the siege of Aire in 1710, led Marlborough's second line in 1711, and was general of the Dutch forces in early 1712. As commander of the Dutch forces he successfully bombarded Arras and destroyed much of the French supplies there, but he was defeated at Denain after the withdrawal of Ormonde and the English forces and taken prisoner. He died on 30 May 1718, at the age of forty-eight.Template:Sfn

Family

Arms of the Earl of Albemarle (1697 creation) Arms of van Keppel

Albemarle married Geertruid Johanna Quirina van der Duyn,<ref name="KNG Dutch lion">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> daughter of Major General Scravenmore (an anglicisation of 's Gravenmoer) who served as an officer in the Danish Auxiliary Corps in the Williamite War in Ireland.

• William Anne, who succeeded him as 2nd Earl of Albemarle. He married the granddaughter of Charles II of England.
• Sophia (1716–1773), who married General John Thomas (son of Sir Edmond Thomas, 2nd Bt.). They had at least two sons. The younger son, Colonel Charles Nassau Thomas, became Vice-Chamberlain to George IV, when he was Prince of Wales and Prince Regent.<ref>The Correspondence of Horace Walpole by Horace Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford; p. 131.</ref>

References

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• Edmund Lodge The Genealogy of the Existing British Peerage, 1859. at Google Books

Sources

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