Ataraxia

Bust of Epicurus. Achieving ataraxia is an important goal in Epicurean philosophy.

In Ancient Greek philosophy, Template:Transliteration (Greek: Template:Wikt-lang, from Template:Lang indicating negation or absence and Template:Lang Template:Transliteration Template:Gloss with the abstract noun suffix Template:Lang), generally translated as Template:Gloss, Template:Gloss, Template:Gloss, or Template:Gloss,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> is a lucid state of robust equanimity characterized by ongoing freedom from distress and worry. In non-philosophical usage, Template:Transliteration was the ideal mental state for soldiers entering battle.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Achieving Template:Transliteration is a common goal for Pyrrhonism, Epicureanism, and Stoicism, but the role and value of Template:Transliteration within each philosophy varies in accordance with their philosophical theories. The mental disturbances that prevent one from achieving Template:Transliteration also vary among the philosophies, and each philosophy has a different understanding as to how to achieve Template:Transliteration.

Pyrrhonism

Template:Pyrrhonism sidebar In Pyrrhonism, Template:Transliteration is the intended result of Template:Transliteration (i.e., suspension of judgment) regarding all matters of dogma (i.e., non-evident belief), which represents the central aim of Pyrrhonist practice,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> that is necessary to bring about Template:Transliteration.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Epicureanism

Template:Transliteration is a key component of the Epicurean conception of pleasure (Template:Transliteration), which they consider the highest good.<ref name=epicureanism>Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp Epicureans break pleasure down into two categories: the physical and the mental.Template:R They consider mental, not physical, pleasures to be of high importance because physical pleasures exist only in the present; while mental pleasures exist in the past, the present, and the future.Template:R Epicureans further separate pleasure into what they call Template:Transliteration pleasure, those that come about through action or change,<ref name=":4">Template:Cite book</ref> and Template:Transliteration pleasures, those that come about through an absence of distress.Template:R Those who achieved freedom from physical disturbance were said to be in a state of Template:Transliteration, while those who achieved freedom from mental disturbances were said to be in a state of Template:Transliteration.Template:R Template:Transliteration, as both a mental and Template:Transliteration pleasure, is key to a person's happiness.Template:R

Stoicism

In Stoicism, unlike Pyrrhonism or Epicureanism, Template:Transliteration, or tranquillity of the mind,<ref name=Striker>Template:Cite journal</ref>Template:Rp is not the ultimate goal of life. Instead, the goal is a life of virtue according to nature,Template:R which is intended to bring about Template:Transliteration, the absence of unhealthy passions. However, since Stoics in a state of Template:Transliteration do not care about matters outside of themselves and are not susceptible to emotion, they would be unable to be disturbed by anything at all,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> meaning that they were also in a stage of mental tranquillity and thus in a state of Template:Transliteration.Template:R

See also

• Nafs al-mutma'innah
• Upekṣā