Bad Nieuweschans

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Bad Nieuweschans ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}; Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Dialect: Bad Noajwschansk; also Lange Akkeren) is a village in the north-eastern Netherlands on the border with Germany. It forms part of the municipality of Oldambt. Nieuweschans means "new fortification (sconce)". In 2009, the word Bad ("spa") was prefixed to the name of the village to promote it as a tourist destination.

History

Bad Nieuweschans is located in a part of the Dollart which was flooded during the 13th century. In the 1550s, the Dollart was reclaimed by large-scale poldering.Template:Sfn In 1626, the area around Oudeschans was poldered,Template:Sfn and a settlement appeared in the Nieuwenschans area which was originally called Lange Akkeren.<ref name="monument">Template:Cite book</ref>

The fortification of Nieuweschans was built in 1628, during the Eighty Years' War.<ref>De vesting Template:Webarchive (in Dutch), Stichting Vesting Oudeschans. Retrieved 31 January 2017.</ref> The sconce was a pentagon surrounded by earthen walls and canals.<ref name="monument"/> The fortification was still in use during the French occupation. In 1815, the garrison was disbanded, and between 1870 and 1907, the fortifications were dismantled.Template:Sfn

In 1974, Bad Nieuweschans was declared a protected site,<ref name="monument"/> and large scale restoration of the village started. In 1985, Template:Ill, a spa, was established after the discovery of mineral water at a depth of Template:Convert.<ref name="plaats">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Nieuweschans was a separate municipality until 1990, when it became a part of the municipality of Reiderland.<ref>Template:Repertorium Nederlandse Gemeenten Template:Dead link</ref> In April 2009, the municipality of Reiderland changed the name from Nieuweschans to Bad Nieuweschans, to promote the town as a spa. On 1 January 2010, Reiderland in turn became a part of the municipality of Oldambt.

Geography

Bad Nieuweschans is located in the municipality of Oldambt in the east of the province of Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands.<ref name="plaats"/>

Close to the village is the easternmost point of the Netherlands on the border with Germany.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

It is located about 10 km east of Winschoten.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Transportation

The Bad Nieuweschans railway station is located on the Harlingen–Nieuweschans and Ihrhove–Nieuweschans railways in the north-east of the village. The railway station opened in 1869, however the connection to Hamburg took another eight years.Template:Sfn Georges Simenon's novel Maigret and the Hundred Gibbets starts in the railway station.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

Bad Nieuweschans served as the main border crossing between Groningen and Hamburg. Traffic had to pass through the village which often caused long traffic jams during the holidays.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> An international motorway was planned which would pass Bad Nieuweschans to the south on German soil. In 1963, the border between the Netherlands and Germany was modified. The new border was established south of the planned road, and the construction could begin.Template:Sfn On 30 April 1969, the A7 opened, however it was still a single lane road,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and construction in Germany had not started.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In April 1993, the A7 was finally upgraded to motorway standards,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and in October 1994, the A280 opened in Germany.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>