Bamboo flute

The bamboo flute is an old musical instrument developed in Asia. Flutes made history in records and artworks starting in the Zhou dynasty. The oldest written sources reveal the Chinese were using the kuan (a reed instrument) and hsio (or xiao, an end-blown flute, often of bamboo) in the 12th-11th centuries b.c., followed by the chi (or ch'ih) in the 9th century b.c. and the yüeh in the 8th century b.c.<ref name=sachs1>Template:Cite book</ref> Of these, the chi is the oldest documented cross flute or transverse flute, and was made from bamboo.<ref name=sachs1/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Chinese have a word, zhudi, which literally means "bamboo flute."<ref name=flutes>Template:Cite thesis

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The cross flute (Sanscrit: vāṃśī) was "the outstanding wind instrument of ancient India," according to Curt Sachs.<ref name=sachs2>Template:Cite book</ref> He said that religious artwork depicting "celestial music" instruments was linked to music with an "aristocratic character."<ref name=sachs2/> The Indian bamboo cross flute, Bansuri, was sacred to Krishna, and he is depicted in Hindu art with the instrument.<ref name=sachs2/> In India, the cross flute appeared in reliefs from the 1st century a.d. at Sanchi and Amaravati from the 2nd-4th centuries a.d.<ref name=sachs2/><ref name=MusINstrNepal>Template:Cite book</ref>

In the modern age, bamboo flutes are common in places with ready access to bamboo, including Asia, South and Southeast Asia, South America, and Africa.

See: Chinese flutes

End blown flute mouthpieces

Name	Description	Picture
Xiao blowing hole	(the hole faces away from the player, against the lower lip, making sure the top lip is not concealing the hole, when the instrument is played. Works on the same basics as blowing air over an empty bottle to create noise.)	File:Xiao blowhole.JPG
Shakuhachi	Kinko school utaguchi (歌口, blowing edge) and inlay. The shakuhachi player blows as one would blow across the top of an empty bottle (though the shakuhachi has a sharp edge to blow against called utaguchi) and therefore has substantial pitch control.	File:JapaneseShakuhachiSection.jpg
Hotchiku	Same technique as shakuhachi. The angle of the utaguchi (歌口, lit. "singing mouth"), or blowing edge, of a hotchiku is closer to perpendicular to the bore axis than that of a modern shakuhachi.	File:YUNGhocchiku utagchi.jpg
Quena	To produce sound, the player closes the top end of the pipe with the flesh between the chin and lower lip, and blows a stream of air downward, along the axis of the pipe, over an elliptical notch cut into the end.	File:Blowing tip of Quena flute, South America.jpg Blowing tip of Quena flute, South America
Khlui	Thailand. A block has been put into the end of the flute, an internal fipple that creates a hole to blow through, channeling air through a duct to create sound.	File:Khluimouthpiece.jpg

List of bamboo flutes, cane flutes, reed flutes

This list is intended to show flutes made of bamboo. It excludes pan flutes or panpipes, and flutes and whistles that don't have finger positions to change notes. It also excludes pipes that use reeds to produce the sound. Bamboo is a grass, and some "cane" or "reed" flutes may get listed here, as long as the plant is being used for a tube that is blown into or across to create noise. Types of flutes include transverse flutes (also called cross flutes), end-blown flutes (ring flutes are included with these) and Nose flutes. Fipple flutes, also called duct flutes, may be added to the list as well, as long as they are bamboo-based instruments. The bamboo variant may be added for instruments that include wood and bamboo versions.

Name in English	Name in other language	Place / Region	Picture	Method of sounding	Description
Atenteben		Ghana<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Bansuri		Bangladesh	File:All scales of Bansuris in a set.jpg A group of bansuri flutes, grouped low pitched to high pitched.
Bansuri		India<ref name=kasliwal85>Template:Cite book</ref>	File:A bansuri player Stephanie Bosch, flute side blown wind instrument India.jpg Musician playing a large bansuri; the larger instrument is lower toned than a smaller bansuri.
Bām̐surī	(Nepali: बाँसुरी)	Nepal	File:Bamsuri बाँसुरी (Nepali for Bansuri flute).jpg Public performance by Newar musicians with flutes, Lalitpur.
Bata Nalawa		Sri Lanka
Chi		China<ref name=sachs1/>
Dizi	Template:Zh Template:Zh)	China<ref name=flutes/>	File:Diffenent sizes of Dizi.jpg Group of dizi flutes in different sizes and pitches.
Daegeum	Template:Korean	Korea	File:Sanjo Daegeum.jpg
Dangjeok or Jeok	Template:Korean	Korea<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	File:Jeok.jpg	Notched flute
Danso	Template:Korean	Korea<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	File:Danso.jpg
Donali	دونَلی	Iran
Dongdi		China
Fijian nose flute		Viti Levu	File:Flûte nasale MHNT ETH AC FI 47 Gaston de Roquemaurel.jpg	Nose flute	This nasal flute is made from a section of bamboo, pierced with nine holes. The entire surface is decorated with geometric patterns of different shapes, forming several registers in the vertical direction. To play the flute, a hole must be applied against one nostril while the other is blocked by the fingers.
Floghera	Template:Langx	Greece	File:"Floyera" (flute), "Souravli" (ducted flute), "Madoura" (clarinet), Museum of Greek Folk Musical Instruments.jpg Floyera (end blown flute), souravli (duct flute), madoura (clarinet)	rim-blown	End-blown bamboo flute without a fipple, used in Greek folk music. Played by directing a narrow air stream against its sharp, open upper end. It typically has seven finger holes.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Friscolettu<ref>Scola, Allison. "Friscalettu: Sicily's Reed Flute" Template:Webarchive, Experiencesicily.com website, July 29, 2016. Retrieved May 23, 2021.</ref>		Sicily		fipple	Seven holes on the front, two in the back
Hotchiku	法竹	Japan<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	File:Yunghocchiku.jpg
Gasbah<ref name="GroveGasba">Template:Cite book</ref>	الڨصبة (Egyptian Arabic), Taghanimt (Berber language)	Maghreb	File:Man playing Gasba (Medea, Algeria).jpg	oblique (bevel is cut on the end of the tube)	Oblique flutes are played with the musician be holding the flute at an angle to the mouth, blowing across a bevel cut in the end. Similar to Ney.<ref name="GroveGasba"/>
Garau-nai		Uzbekistan, Tajikistan<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
India nose-flute bansuri		West Bengal	File:Man playing nose flute, Calcutta, West Bengal.jpg	Fipple	In 1799, artist Frans Balthazar Solvyns depicted an end-blown flute, called Bansuri (like the side-blown flute), being played nasally.
Ji		Korea
Junggeum	Template:Korean	Korea<ref name="auto">Template:Cite web</ref>	File:Jeongak Daegeum.jpg Top a daegeum, in the middle a junggeum, to the right a piri.
Kagurabue	(Japanese: 神楽笛))	Japan<ref name="Petersen2007">Template:Cite bookTemplate:Sps</ref>	File:Kagurabue.jpg
Khloy	Template:Langx Burmese: ပုလွ	Cambodia<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Myanmar (Burma)	File:Khloy.jpg	internal fipple	end-blown duct flute. Mouthhole on bottom of pipe's end, soundhole on flute's bottom (opposite side of the pipe from the fingerholes).<ref name=chou>Template:Cite web</ref> This flute may have as many as 8 fingerholes, plus up to 2 additional thumbholes; the thumbholes offer additional notes.<ref name=chou/>
Khlui	(Template:Langx	Thailand	File:Khluimouthpiece.jpg	internal fipple	end-blown duct flute. Mouthhole on top of pipe's end, soundhole on flute's top.
Komabue	Japanese: 高麗笛	Japan<ref>Shigeo Kishibe, et al. "Japan." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/43335pg5 Template:Webarchive</ref>	File:Komabue fue.jpg Komabue in the Metropolitan Museum of Arts
Koudi	Chinese: 口笛 pinyin: kǒudí	China<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	File:Koudi.jpg A koudi. The large hole in the middle is the blowing hole, and the three smaller holes on the top are finger holes. The two open ends of the tube are also used, played with the thumbs.
Lalove		Indonesia
Malaysian nose flute		Sarawak, Malaysia	File:Nose flute on Sarawak.jpg Nose flute on Sarawak	Nose flute
Minteki or shinteki	minteki: (kanji: 明笛 shinteki: (kanji: 清笛))	Japan	File:Minteki 2.jpeg
Moseño		Andes Mountains<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Murali		Nepal<ref name=ministry2>Template:Cite web</ref>
Native American flute		United States (Native American)
Nohkan	能管	Japan	File:Uta-you Shinobue and Nohkan.jpg Bottom, a Nohkan. The rest are shinobue.
Ney		Iran	File:Ney "kız" turco.jpg Turkish ney
Ohe Hano Ihu		Hawaii
Paiwan nose flute		Taiwan	File:Nose Flute, from 4th National Cultural Assets Preservation Award ceremony, Republic of Chins (Taiwan).jpg Paiwanese nose flute with two pipes.	Nose flute	Instrument of the Paiwan people of Taiwan.
Palendag		Philippines<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	File:Palendag.jpg
Palwei (German Wikipedia)	Burmese: ပလွေ	Myanmar	File:Palwei, a Myanmar transverse flute.jpg Palwei, a Myanmar transverse flute.
Pinkillu		Peru, Andes Mountains<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref>	File:Pinkullo flute.jpg Pinkillu flute and tinya drum. The musician plays the flute one handed while playing the drum.
Quena		Andes	File:Quena01.jpg Quena, made from American species of bamboos, (bamboo genera Aulonemia or Rhipidocladum.<ref name=amerbamboo>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref> Also the tokhoro, a species of cane.<ref name=amerbamboo/>
Ryūteki		Japan<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	File:Ryuteki.jpeg
Sáo	Sáo trúc	Vietnam<ref name=SaoTruc>Template:Cite web</ref>	File:Thổi sáo.jpg
Shakuhachi	Template:Linktext	Japan<ref>新都山流 心安らぐあたたかな音色 尺八 Template:Webarchive.</ref><ref>公益財団法人 都山流尺八学会 Template:Webarchive.</ref>	File:P1239148 Japan Deutschland (Klangwerkstatt) (48281353057).jpg
Shinobue or takebue	Shinobue: kanji: 篠笛 Takebue: (kanji: 竹笛)	Japan<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	File:Uta-you Shinobue and Nohkan.jpg All but the bottom flute are shinobue. The bottom flute is a Nohkan.
Sogeum	Template:Korean	Korea<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Sompoton	Template:Langx	Sabah, Malaysia<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	File:Sompoton22.jpg	Mouth organ<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	Bamboo mouth organ with gourd of the indigenous Kadazan, Dusun, and Murut peoples of Sabah.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Suling		Indonesia<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	File:Suling bambu.jpg Man playing end-blown suling, a bamboo ring flute.
Suling		Papua, New Guinea	File:Suling Tambur.jpg Woman playing a suling transverse bamboo flute, from Papua, New Guinea.
Tahitian nose flute		Tahiti	File:H000143- Nose flute.jpg	Nose flute	Bamboo nose flute bound with bands of colored coconut fiber. Collected from Tahiti, the Society Islands during Cook's voyages to the Pacific 1768–1780.
Tongso	Template:Korean	Korea<ref name=sachs2/>	File:Tungso.jpg
Turali	Template:Langx	Sabah, Malaysia<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	File:Turali.jpg	Nose flute	Bamboo nose flute of the indigenous Kadazan and Dusun peoples of Sabah.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Venu	Sanskrit: Template:Lang	India
Wa		Myanmar
Xiao	Template:Zh	China<ref name=sachs1/>	File:Dongxiaophoto.jpg
Xindi	Template:Zh	China<ref name=flutes/>
Yak	Template:Korean	Korea	File:Yak, exposat a Eolssigu! Els sons de Corea.jpg
Yokobue		Japan
Yue		China<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref>