Bibliographisches Institut
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The {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} was a German publishing company founded 1826 in Gotha by Joseph Meyer. It moved to Hildburghausen in 1828 and to Leipzig in 1874.<ref name="Oxford"/> Its production over the years includes such well-known titles as {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} (encyclopaedias, since 1839, see {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}), {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} (animal life, 1863–1869, 4th ed. 1911–1918); {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} (dictionaries on every aspect of the language, since 1880); {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} (guide books, 1862–1936); {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} (literature); atlases ({{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}); newspapers ({{#invoke:Lang|lang}});<ref name="Koloniale_Zeitschrift"/> and others.
In 2022, the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} was fully integrated into Cornelsen Verlag and thus ceased to exist.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The buildings of the company were completely destroyed by the bombing raids on Leipzig 1943/1944; the company itself was expropriated by the communist regime of East Germany in 1946 and turned into a publicly owned enterprise ({{#invoke:Lang|lang}}). The shareholders moved the company to Mannheim in West Germany in 1953 ({{#invoke:Lang|lang}}). Titles like {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} and {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} appeared again. In Leipzig remained the {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, operating in the same field, publishing {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} etc.
In 1984 {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} amalgamated with its biggest competitor in the market of reference works, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} of Wiesbaden to {{#invoke:Lang|lang}},<ref name="bifab"/> having their seat in Mannheim. After the German reunification the company regained its former properties in Leipzig in 1991.<ref name="leipzig-lexicon"/>