Boa (genus)
Boa is a genus of boas found in Mexico, the Caribbean, and Central and South America. Five extant species, and one extinct, are currently recognized.<ref>Template:NRDB genus</ref>
Etymology
The Online Etymology Dictionary says that the word comes from the "late 14c., "large snake", from Latin boa, type of large serpent mentioned in Pliny's "Natural History;" origin unknown (in medieval folk etymology the name was associated with Greek bous "ox")."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> There might be a connection to the Albanian word bollë, from proto-Albanian *bālwā, meaning any of various nonvenomous snakes of the families Colubridae family, Boidae family or a kuçedër's early form.<ref>Price 2000, p. 21</ref><ref>Price, Glanville (2000). Encyclopedia of the Languages of Europe. Wiley-Blackwell; 1 edition</ref>
Species
| Image | Scientific name | Common name | Subspecies (not including nominate subspecies) | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg) |
Boa constrictor | Boa constrictor or red-tailed boa | 3 | South America (except Chile and a small part of the northwest) |
 |
Boa imperator | Central American boa, northern boa or Colombian boa | 1 | Mexico, Central America and a small part of northwestern South America |
 |
Boa nebulosa | Dominican boa<ref>Template:Cite iucn</ref> | 0 | Dominica |
 |
Boa orophias | St. Lucia boa or San Lucia boa<ref>Template:Cite iucn</ref> | 0 | Saint Lucia |
 |
Boa sigma | Mexican west coast boa | 0 | western Mexico |
| Boa blanchardensis † | Marie-Galante boa | 0 | Marie-Galante (extinct) | |
| Boa atlantica | Jibóia-da-mata-atlântica | 0 | Brazil |
Distribution and habitat
Boa species are found in northern Mexico through Central America (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama) to South America north of 35°S (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil, Bolivia, Uruguay and Argentina). One species is present in the Lesser Antilles (Dominica and St. Lucia), on San Andrés, Providencia and many other islands along the Caribbean coasts of Mexico and Central and South America.<ref name="McD99">McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. Template:ISBN (series). Template:ISBN (volume).</ref>
Taxonomy
Kluge (1991) moved the genera Sanzinia and Acrantophis into Boa, based on a phylogeny derived from morphological characters.<ref name="Kluge1991">Kluge AG. 1991. Boine Snake Phylogeny and Research Cycles. Misc. Pub. Museum of Zoology, Univ. of Michigan No. 178. 58 pp.</ref> However, it has since been shown that the Malagasy boids and Boa constrictor do not form a monophyletic group, and the lumping of Sanzinia, Acrantophis and Boa was, therefore, an error. These snakes are therefore correctly represented in their own genera: Sanzinia and Acrantophis.<ref name="NoonandChip">Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name="Vences">Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name="reynolds">Template:Cite journal</ref>
To add further to the naming confusion, many species of snake in the family Boidae are known colloquially as "boas". Also, four subspecies of B. constrictor are recognized, each with a distinct common name.<ref name="NoonandChip"/>
References
Further reading
- Kluge AG. 1991. Boine Snake Phylogeny and Research Cycles. Misc. Pub. Museum of Zoology, Univ. of Michigan No. 178. 58 pp. PDF at University of Michigan Library. Accessed 11 July 2008.
- Vences M, Glaw F, Kosuch J, Böhme W, Veith M. 2001. Phylogeny of South American and Malagasy Boine Snakes: Molecular Evidence for the Validity of Sanzinia and Acrantophis and Biogeographic Implications. Copeia No 4. p. 1151-1154. PDF at Miguel Vences. Accessed 29 August 2008.
- Vences M, Glaw F. 2003. Phylogeography, systematics and conservation status of boid snakes from Madagascar (Sanzinia and Acrantophis). Salamandra, Reinbach, 39(3/4): p. 181-206. PDF at Miguel Vences. Accessed 29 August 2008.