Bramley-Moore Dock
Template:Short description Template:Update Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use British English Template:Infobox docks Template:Infobox venue Bramley-Moore Dock was a dock on the River Mersey in Liverpool, England, and part of the Port of Liverpool. The dock is located in the northern dock system in Liverpool's Vauxhall area, and was connected to Sandon Half Tide Dock to the north and Nelson Dock to the south. Jesse Hartley was the architect. The dock opened in 1848.
The dock was infilled with Everton FC's new home ground, Hill Dickinson Stadium, which opened in 2025 and was constructed on the dock. The 52,888-capacity stadium opened in time for the start of the 2025–26 football season.<ref>The People's Project</ref> The project was cited as one of the reasons for the revocation of Liverpool's World Heritage Site status as the Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City, with the World Heritage Committee stating that the project was one of the developments which had resulted in a "serious deterioration" of the historic site.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite news</ref>
History
The dock was opened on 4 August 1848,<ref name="LHOL" /> as part of Jesse Hartley's major northern expansion scheme of that year, and was named after and opened by John Bramley-Moore, chairman of the dock committee at the time.<ref name="LE20160830" /><ref name="LHOL" /> When built, Bramley-Moore Dock was the most northerly part of the dock system.<ref name="LHOL" /> At the time, access to the River Mersey was from the south, through the new Nelson and Salisbury Docks, which were all commissioned simultaneously. When built, Bramley-Moore Dock was used for the largest steamships of the era.<ref name="McCarron1992-12">Template:Harvnb</ref>
In 1851, further docks were opened to the north. These included Wellington Half Tide Dock, which gave a second access point for Bramley-Moore into the Mersey. The berthing of the larger ships was moved to the new Sandon Dock and Huskisson Dock within a few years of opening because of the ease of access to the river these docks offered. Around 1900, the Wellington Dock and the adjoining Sandon Dock were realigned, with the half tide dock separated as Sandon Half Tide Dock, as it remains today.
Although a mixed-use dock, with one of the original transit sheds still in place, Bramley-Moore did extensive coal trade.<ref name="LM, B-M" >Template:Cite web</ref> The coal handling included both coal for export and bunker coal for steamships in the port, transported from the South Lancashire Coalfield. A high-level railway opened in 1857 to transport coal directly to the north quay.<ref name="LM, B-M" /> The high-level railway was connected by viaduct to the adjacent Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway line.<ref>Template:Harvnb</ref> The high-level railway was operational from 1856 to 1966.<ref name="McCarron1992-12" />
After the decline in coal-fired steamships, the dock continued to export coal. Following the demise of coal mining in South Lancashire, and most of the UK, the export market for coal dissolved with the dock ceasing coal exports in 1988.<ref name="LM, B-M" />
Bramley-Moore Dock is the location of one of Liverpool's brick-built hydraulic accumulator towers.<ref name="BLB1">Template:Cite web</ref> The Grade II listed tower is in severe disrepair with Everton's plans for a new stadium including the commitment to invest in heritage and repair and restore the tower for public use. The tower provided hydraulic power to dock gates and lifting equipment but is no longer active.
21st century
In 2007, the Peel Group, owners of the Mersey Docks and Harbour Company, unveiled the £5.5 billion Liverpool Waters regeneration programme. Bramley-Moore Dock is encompassed in the Template:Convert site.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Bramley-Moore Dock is the most northern of the docks within the former Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City World Heritage Site and the planned Liverpool Waters and the most southerly of the working docks.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The hydraulic tower and dock retaining walls are Grade II listed buildings.<ref name="LE20160830" /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Bramley-Moore Dock may have been listed as World Heritage Site but sits behind locked gates, semi-derelict with no access to the public, its heritage assets are decaying and is next door to a waste water treatment plant.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Everton Stadium
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} In March 2017, an agreement was reached between Liverpool City Council, Everton F.C. and Peel Holdings to acquire the dock for a new football stadium.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> A planning application was submitted in December 2019,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> with approval granted by the city council in February 2021 for development of a 52,888 capacity stadium.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Everton's plans were stated as delivering a £1.3bn boost to the economy,<ref name="Media">Template:Cite web</ref> create more than 15,000 jobs,<ref name="BBC News">Template:Cite news</ref> attract more than 1.4m visitors and act as a catalyst for £650m of accelerated regeneration.<ref name="Media"/> At the planning meeting Everton also committed to investing up to £55m<ref name="BBC News"/> to repair, preserve, restore and open up Bramley-Moore Dock's heritage assets.
In July 2021, Liverpool Waterfront's UNESCO World Heritage status was revoked. A report from the World Heritage Committee described the forthcoming Bramley-Moore Dock development, along with the Liverpool Waters project, as having caused an "irreversible loss of attributes".<ref name=":0" />
Ground was broken on the project in August 2021.<ref name="Liverpool Echo">Template:Cite news</ref> A first test event was held in February 2025, and Everton are due to fully move into the stadium in time for the start of the 2025-26 football season.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
References
Sources
Further reading
- Bramley-Moore, John (1846) Report of the speech of J. Bramley-Moore ... on the subject of dock extension addressed to the Liverpool Town Council ... 19 January 1846. Liverpool: Council of the Borough of Liverpool