Bug-eyed monster
The bug-eyed monster (BEM) is an early convention of the science fiction genre.<ref name=urbanski>Template:Cite book</ref> Extraterrestrials in science fiction of the 1920s through to the 1960s were often described (or depicted on covers of pulp magazines and in films) as grotesque creatures with huge, oversized or compound eyes and a lust for women, blood, or general destruction. Their ubiquity was such that authors and readers alike began referring to them as "bug-eyed monsters", "BEMs", or "bemmies".<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The biology of a typical bug-eyed monster was questionable, particularly in visual depictions.<ref name=urbanski />
In the contactee/abductee mythology, which grew up quickly beginning in 1952, the blond, blue-eyed, and friendly Nordic aliens of the 1950s were quickly replaced by small, unfriendly bug-eyed creatures, closely matching in many respects the pulp cover clichés of the 1930s which have remained the abductor norm since the 1960s.
Popular culture
- William Tenn's The Flat-Eyed Monster (1955) is a story that effectively reverses the roles seen in a typical bug-eyed monster scenario. The human character, Clyde Manship, is teleported to a planet inhabited by creatures with large eyes on their tentacles and clusters of smaller eyes in their bodies. In his efforts to get back to Earth, Manship develops an ability to kill telepathically and then goes on the run through an alien city; the bug-eyed monsters' reaction to his escape attempt evokes the reactions of the human protagonists in a more typical BEM story, including describing Manship as the eponymous flat-eyed monster and urging each other to "blast it before it starts reproducing".<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
- When Doctor Who was created, the BBC producers stated that the show would be a "hard" science fiction show, and there would be no bug-eyed monsters<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name=classicwhosite>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref> – a policy explicitly stated by show creator Sydney Newman.<ref name=60th>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=beeb23112023>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Writer Terry Nation created the Daleks for the show's second serial, with their design resembling a bug-eyed monster much to Newman's disapproval.<ref name=classicwhosite /><ref name=beeb23112023 /> While Verity Lambert insisted to Newman that the Daleks were not in fact bug-eyed monsters,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Nation himself would describe them as being so.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The Daleks' subsequent popularity with viewers would pave the way for other BEM-type monsters to appear throughout Doctor Who's history.<ref name=60th />
- In "What Is This Thing Called Love?", Isaac Asimov's parody of both pulp fiction and the bug-eyed monster idea, a woman captured by aliens for the purposes of study keeps using the term when referring to her captor.
- In "The Gap Cycle" of books by Stephen R. Donaldson, the alien creatures are referred to by the main characters as BEMs.