California State Route 111

Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox road State Route 111 (SR 111) is a state highway in the southeastern part of U.S. state of California. It is a north-south route serving the Imperial Valley, the eastern shore of the Salton Sea, and the Coachella Valley. Its southern terminus is at Imperial Avenue and 1st Street in Calexico, at the former entrance to the Calexico West Port of Entry (the state has not yet officially rerouted the highway to the current entrance to the Mexican border at 2nd Street and Cesar Chavez Boulevard since its opening in 2018). SR 111's northern terminus is at Interstate 10 at the northwestern corner of the Palm Springs city limits, near the unincorporated community of Whitewater. Though some maps and signs mark SR 111 as continuous between SR 86 near Heber and the Cathedral City–Palm Springs line, control of the segment was relinquished to local jurisdictions and is thus no longer officially part of the state highway system.

Route description

File:CA 111 north Niland.jpg

SR 111 north in Niland

The highway begins near the Calexico West Port of Entry, where Calexico connects with the Mexican city Mexicali. Prior to the port of entry's 2018 realignment, SR 111 directly connected to the border crossing, with northbound traffic entering from Mexican side of the border via Avenida Cristóbal Colón, and southbound traffic exiting onto Mexican Federal Highway 5. Since then, traffic heading to the border diverts from SR 111 onto westbound East Second Street to the port of entry's new facilities at Cesar Chavez Boulevard.<ref>Template:Cite AV media</ref> The segment of the highway from East Second Street south to the site of the former border crossing at East First Street remains under state control, pending any relinquishment by Caltrans.

SR 111 then intersects with SR 98 in Calexico before heading north to SR 86 in Heber. As SR 111 continues further north through Imperial County, it enters El Centro. There, it intersects with Interstate 8 (I-8), which runs east to Yuma and west to San Diego, before passing through the agricultural communities of Holtville, Brawley, Calipatria and Niland.

A nearly Template:Convert length of the highway dotted with date and citrus groves follows both the old Southern Pacific "Sunset Route" (now the main Union Pacific line between Los Angeles and Yuma, Arizona) and the eastern shore of the Salton Sea. Though some small settlements and a California state park line the shore, the area is eerily empty due to the sea's rapidly declining water quality. The small town of North Shore is all but abandoned as a tourist destination, though more than 3,400 residents were counted at the 2010 census.

SR 111 enters the southeast corner of the Coachella Valley as a two-lane highway. It used to run concurrently with SR 86 in Coachella, but SR 86 has since been moved to a newer expressway alignment. SR 111 continues northwest as a major arterial road, four lanes or wider, through Indio, La Quinta, Indian Wells, Palm Desert, Rancho Mirage, and Cathedral City. As it approaches this area, the northbound traffic is on Indian Canyon Drive, and the southbound is on Palm Canyon Drive. An alternate route runs on Gene Autry Trail while mainline SR 111 continues west on Vista Chino. Continuing west from Cathedral City, the highway enters Palm Springs, then swings north and then west to bypass downtown, while SR 111 Business passes through the congested downtown area. The highway transitions from an arterial road to a divided expressway as it exits Palm Springs just northwest of San Rafael Drive. It ends at an interchange with I-10 near the foot of San Jacinto Peak, just east of the San Gorgonio Pass.

SR 111 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System<ref name="cafes">Template:CAFESystem</ref> and the portions south of SR 78, and in the city of Indio are part of the National Highway System,<ref name=fhwa-nhs>Template:FHWA NHS map
Template:FHWA NHS map</ref> a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration.<ref name=NHS-FHWA>Template:FHWA NHS</ref> SR 111 is eligible to be included in the State Scenic Highway System,<ref name="scenic">Template:CA scenic</ref> but it is not officially designated as a scenic highway by the California Department of Transportation.<ref name="caltransscenic">Template:Caltrans scenic</ref>

History

Template:More citations needed section SR 111 was first proposed in the early 1930s due to the area's growth bought on by the Southern Pacific Railroad.

A 1993 rerouting of the highway takes drivers away from the historic center of Palm Springs, but meets with its original alignment as Business Route 111 a few miles further south.

The northern terminus was so busy in the 1950s before the construction of the freeway that visitors returning home to Los Angeles might have waited as long as two hours to make the left turn on the two-lane road that was once multiplexed as US Highways U.S. Route 60, US 70 and US 99.

In 1995, Caltrans was allowed to relinquish any portion of Route 111 through a city for that city to maintain. The legislature opted to make the act an "urgency statute", effective immediately, so that the local governments could improve traffic bottlenecks along the route as soon as possible.<ref>Template:Cite CAstat</ref> The legislative definition of the route was amended in 1996 to exclude the portions in Rancho Mirage and Cathedral City, which had both been relinquished.<ref>Template:Cite CAstat</ref> Cathedral City completed a pedestrian-friendly redesign in 1998.<ref>Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center, Pedestrian-Friendly Redesign: Cathedral City, CA Template:Webarchive, accessed December 2007</ref> The stretch through Rancho Mirage, which the city still calls "Highway 111" regardless of the relinquishment, has the Coachella Valley's only synchronized traffic lights; they are set to 45 mph (70 km/h).

A 2003 law did not change the route, but clarified that the former highway through those cities could not be taken back by the state, and repealed the section added in 1995 allowing relinquishment to any city.<ref>Template:Cite CAstat</ref> Subsequently, in 2005, the legislature allowed relinquishment within Indian Wells, Indio, and Palm Desert, subject to the same conditions, and to the condition that the cities must maintain signs for the route.<ref>Template:Cite CAstat</ref> La Quinta was added to the list of eligible cities in 2007.<ref>Template:Cite CAstat</ref> As of late 2007, none of these four cities have taken over maintenance of Route 111.

In November 2005, signs on Verbenia Avenue at the highway's northern terminus and along Interstate 10 were replaced to reflect the street's name change to "Haugen-Lehmann Way", honoring two Riverside County sheriff's deputies gunned down by a sniper on that street in 1997.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite webTemplate:Dead link</ref>

In a similar move in December 2005, the stretch of SR 111 through La Quinta was named the "Deputy Bruce Lee Memorial Highway". Lee was a Riverside County deputy sheriff in the city for many years and was killed in 2003 during an altercation with a mentally disturbed suspect. The suspect was able to take Lee's baton during the altercation and used it to bludgeon the officer.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In September 2019 Caltrans began a three-phase $19<ref name=cbs8>Template:Cite news</ref>-21.5<ref name=kyma>Template:Cite news</ref> million mitigation project to protect SR-111 from a moving mud pot called the Niland Geyser, southeast of the Salton Sea near the junction with Davis and Gillespie Roads.<ref name=detour>Template:Cite news</ref> The plans included using steel walls to divert water into a gravel wash, digging drainage under the road to direct subsurface water to a wash west of the road, and building a five-mile<ref name=ceg>Template:Cite news</ref> temporary road 50 feet to the west to divert around the geyser, with the original road being rebuilt once the geyser had passed.<ref name=detour/><ref name=cbs8/> Work continued into 2021.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

After being Imperial Avenue in Calexico, the road is known as the Imperial Pioneers Expressway and the Victor Veysey Expressway in Imperial County. Several parts of the route are at or under sea level, similar to SR 86 outside of Brawley.

Related route

Template:Infobox road small State Route 111 Business (SR 111 Bus.) is a business route of SR 111 in Palm Springs. It follows the original routing of SR 111 through Palm Springs. The route is almost unsigned. There are only two business route signs on the southern and northern termini.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

File:California State Route 111 Business sign.jpg

The sign at the southern terminus of SR 111 Bus.

Like many other business routes, it follows the original routing of the parent route. In 1993, SR 111 was rerouted out of Palm Springs and onto the current alignment.<ref name="cahwy"/>

See also

• Template:Portal-inline

External links

• California @ AARoads.com - State Route 111
• California Highways: SR 111
• Deputy Bruce Lee memorial page
• Haugen/Lehmann memorial page