Caravan (band)

Caravan are an English rock band from the Canterbury area, founded by former Wilde Flowers members David Sinclair, Richard Sinclair, Pye Hastings, and Richard Coughlan in 1968.<ref name=AMGBio>Template:Cite web</ref> The band have never achieved the great commercial success that was widely predicted for them at the beginning of their career, but are nevertheless considered a key part of the Canterbury scene of progressive rock acts, blending psychedelic rock, jazz, and classical influences to create a distinctive sound.

The band were originally based in Whitstable, Kent, near Canterbury, but moved to London when briefly signed to Verve Records. After being dropped by Verve, the band signed to Decca Records, where they released their most critically acclaimed album, In the Land of Grey and Pink, in 1971. Dave Sinclair left after the album's release and the group split up the following year. Hastings and Coughlan added new members, notably viola player Geoffrey Richardson, continuing on before splitting in 1978.

The band reformed several times in the following decades, and Caravan still remain active as a live band in the 21st century, despite Coughlan's death in December 2013.

History

Early career

The group's original members, David Sinclair, Richard Sinclair, Pye Hastings and Richard Coughlan had all been in the Canterbury-based Wilde Flowers, albeit not at the same time. Richard Sinclair had been an early member, but left in September 1965 to study at college.Template:Sfn Hastings had replaced Robert Wyatt as the group's singer and Coughlan as drummer in the band when Wyatt, who performed both roles, formed Soft Machine.Template:Sfn David Sinclair joined the group in late 1966, but after future Soft Machine member Hugh Hopper left the group in June the following year, they began to run out of momentum and broke up in October 1967.Template:Sfn

Coughlan, Hastings and the two Sinclairs subsequently formed Caravan in 1968. "We all had the same goal" recalled Richard Sinclair, "to make our music, write it ourselves, and make a living from it."Template:Sfn The band rented a house in Whitstable, Kent for six months, where they began to write and rehearse new material.<ref name="greypink_sleeve"/> They also borrowed Soft Machine's PA for rehearsals while that band was on tour with Jimi Hendrix in the US, as Caravan did not have enough funds for their own equipment.Template:Sfn They were forced to leave in June and ended up living in tents and rehearsing in a local church hall.<ref name="greypink_sleeve"/> By October, they had attracted the interest of music publisher Ian Ralfini,<ref name="ificould"/>Template:Rp who signed them to the American record label, Verve Records, and became the first British act they signed.<ref name="greypink_sleeve">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref> Verve subsequently released the band's debut LP, Caravan (1969), the following year, but a few months later moved out of the UK record business and dropped the band.<ref name="ificould">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>Template:Rp

After a series of gigs in London, including the Speakeasy Club, the band were introduced to Terry King, who became the group's first manager. David Hitchcock, who had been working in the art department of Decca Records, asked the company's president, Hugh Mendl to sign the band.<ref name="ificould"/>Template:Rp They began recording their second album, If I Could Do It All Over Again, I'd Do It All Over You (1970) in September 1969, while continuing to gig on the university circuit, and appearing at festivals alongside Pink Floyd, Yes, The Nice and Soft Machine.<ref name="ificould"/>Template:Rp Recording If I could ... continued in February 1970, with the 14-minute track "For Richard", showing the band's contrast in styles and jazz-rock influence.<ref name="ificould"/>Template:Rp The album was released in August, alongside an appearance at the Plumpton Festival with Van der Graaf Generator, Yes and Colosseum.<ref name="greypink">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>Template:Rp The accompanying single "Hello Hello" helped them land an appearance on the TV show Top of the Pops, performing the album's title track.<ref name="ificould"/>Template:Rp

Caravan had started to build a live following by mid-1970, including an appearance at the Kralingen Pop Festival in the Netherlands to an audience of 250,000 and the 10th Plumpton Festival. In autumn 1970, Caravan began working on one of their most critically acclaimed albums, In the Land of Grey and Pink (1971). The balance of songwriting changed from the previous two albums, with Richard Sinclair taking a more prominent role. His song, "Golf Girl" was originally written about his then girlfriend (and future wife), but the lyrics were rewritten in the final version.<ref name="greypink"/>Template:Rp The group decided to follow up "For Richard" with a suite of short sections of songs written by David Sinclair, that the rest of the band worked on and linked together to form a side-long track, "Nine Feet Underground". Although, the track was recorded in five separate stages and spliced together, the band performed the suite live as it was finally presented on the album, and it remained a popular track in their live set.<ref name="greypink"/>Template:Rp The album was released in April 1971, and though it did not chart, it has remained in print ever since, and has been remastered for CD several times,<ref name="greypink"/>Template:Rp notably a digital remaster in 2011 by Porcupine Tree's Steven Wilson.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> "Nine Feet Underground" in particular was a regular fixture on late-night FM radio during the early 1970s.Template:Sfn

Despite the critical success of In the Land of Grey and Pink, the group were disappointed by its lack of commercial success, believing that Decca were not promoting the band properly or investing enough money. In August 1971, David Sinclair accepted a job with former Soft Machine drummer Robert Wyatt's new band, Matching Mole. Reflecting on the decision to leave, Sinclair later said "I felt the whole thing was going a bit stagnant ... I wanted to play with other people, but had to accept that with Caravan it was either all or nothing."<ref name="greypink"/>Template:Rp Hastings remembers that "Dave's departure was a serious blow."<ref name="waterloo">Template:Cite AV media notes</ref>Template:Rp

Line-up changes

File:Caravan, 1974.jpg

Caravan in 1974. From left to right: Pye Hastings, Geoffrey Richardson, Mike Wedgwood, Richard Coughlan, Dave Sinclair.

The remaining members continued on together and Richard Sinclair invited keyboardist Steve Miller to join the band.<ref name="waterloo"/>Template:Rp However, it was immediately apparent that the style of the band would be different. Sinclair and Miller wanted to perform more jazz-rock, while Hastings was frustrated that the previous style was being neglected, and that it was "virtually impossible" to get Miller to perform in David Sinclair's style.<ref name="waterloo"/>Template:Rp The band started recording a new album, Waterloo Lily (1972) in late 1971, which was the first use of orchestral instrumentation, arranged by Hastings and his brother, Jimmy, who had guested on previous albums.<ref name="waterloo"/>Template:Rp The album was released in May 1972, but by this time, musical differences had come to a head, and after a gig with Genesis in July, the band split. Richard Sinclair later said, "It didn't quite work with Steve in the band because the music started to go a bit too loose for the way that Pye and Richard Coughlan played."<ref name="waterloo"/>Template:Rp

Hastings and Coughlan decided to continue as Caravan, and the duo recruited viola player Geoffrey Richardson, bassist Stu Evans and keyboardist Derek Austin and toured extensively. This line-up did not release any recordings before Evans was replaced by John G. Perry and Dave Sinclair rejoined the group in 1973.<ref name="AMGBio"/>

The resulting album For Girls Who Grow Plump in the Night (1973) was a major critical achievement<ref name="AMGBio"/> and showed that the group could survive the loss of co-vocalist Richard Sinclair. Jimmy Hastings reprised his role as orchestrator along with Martyn Ford and John Bell,Template:Sfn while the Soft Machine's Mike Ratledge contributed an instrumental piece, "Backwards" as part of a medley.Template:Sfn The group followed this with a live album, Caravan and the New Symphonia (1974), including orchestral arrangements by FordTemplate:Sfn and conducting by Simon Jeffes.Template:Sfn

Perry left after the New Symphonia and was replaced by Mike Wedgwood for the album Cunning Stunts (1975), which reached the top 50 in the UK<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and was a minor hit in the US, reaching number 124.<ref name="AMGBio"/> It was the last album released on Decca, which preceded a number of other problems in the band. David Sinclair left after the album was recorded and was replaced by Jan Schelhaas, with the band's sound becoming more mainstream.Template:Sfn The group signed to Miles Copeland's BTM Records<ref name="AMGBio"/> and recorded Blind Dog at St. Dunstans (1976) which was another minor album hit,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> but by this point the group were out of step with the prevailing musical trends, and after a final album, Better by Far (1977) on Arista Records,<ref name="AMGBio"/> the group split.Template:Sfn

1980-2000

File:PyeHastingsBC.jpg

Pye Hastings performing with Caravan at the High Voltage Festival in 2011

In 1980 Caravan resumed recording and activity and recorded The Album with a lineup that included Dek Messecar on bass and vocals, David Sinclair, keyboards; Richard Coughlan, drums; Geoff Richardson, viola, guitars, vocals, and flute; and Pye Hastings guitar and vocals. The single taken from "Heartbreaker" returned the group to the charts in the UK and they had some TV appearances in France. Although this formation did not last long, since the following year the group was restructured again with the original formation and they recorded a version of "Back to Front" with the addition of Mel Collins on sax. The band were largely dormant in the 1980s until a 1990 reunion, planned as a one-off for television, reinvigorated their career.Template:Sfn The group continued to tour in the early 1990s, before Richard Sinclair left. He was replaced by Jim Leverton, while Geoffrey Richardson rejoined the band. This version of the group released The Battle of Hastings in 1995.Template:Sfn

21st century

The group continued to play into the 21st century. They have also achieved steady sales and a fan following with the support of Stuart Maconie' "Freak Zone" show on BBC 6 Music.<ref name="jackman">Template:Cite web</ref> After performing at NEARFest in 2002,Template:Sfn they released The Unauthorized Breakfast Item album in 2003, where David Sinclair was replaced by a returning Jan Schelhaas. An archive collection of BBC sessions from 1968 to 1975, The Show of Our Lives was released in 2007.<ref name="jackman"/>

In 2010, Pye Hastings announced that the band had resumed activity in anticipation of a one-off concert recording at Metropolis Studios for ITV, which took place in December 2010. New material was written for a debut performance and the band was joined by Mark Walker on drums and percussion, as Richard Coughlan, whilst still a member of the band, was too ill to tour with the group.<ref name="obit">Template:Cite web</ref> The DVD of this gig was released in May 2011 and the recording was shown on ITV as part of the Legends series.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In January 2013, the band completed a successful UK tour to celebrate the 40th Anniversary of the album For Girls Who Grow Plump in the Night (1973).<ref>Template:Cite webTemplate:Dead link</ref> This was followed later in the year by the announcement of a new album, Paradise Filter (2013). The album was funded by a PledgeMusic campaign, scheduled for release on 24 February 2014. Hastings declared "now you can be part of the whole process by pledging to support this project".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

On 1 December 2013, founding member Coughlan died, having been in poor health for some years.<ref name="obit"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> His funeral took place in Canterbury on 20 December. A statement from the band stated "his unique style of playing and wonderful character will be sorely missed."<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Caravan headlined the Rites of Spring festival (RoSfest) festival in Pennsylvania, USA from 2–4 May 2014.

In 2021, Jim Leverton left the band to return to his R&B roots. His replacement is Lee Pomeroy.

Musical style

Caravan are considered a key example of the Canterbury scene genre.<ref name="gruaniad"/> Their records generally indicate a jazz influence, and the group's lyrics have been described as whimsical and very "English", particularly during Richard Sinclair's tenure in the band.Template:Sfn Following Sinclair's departure, the musical direction has been predominantly led by Pye Hastings, who preferred a softer pop rock approach.Template:Sfn Though the group share a common history with Soft Machine, they have been considered more melodic and closer to folk musicTemplate:Sfn and frequently displaying a sense of humour. The group were predominantly album-oriented, but Hastings believes the group recorded enough straightforward pop that could have been hit singles if the record company had taken sufficient interest.<ref name="hastings">Template:Cite web</ref>

Instrumentally, David Sinclair's fuzztone Hammond organ sound is a key ingredient of the early Caravan albums,<ref name="gruaniad">Template:Cite news</ref> and his playing is the dominant instrument on them.Template:Sfn His musical palette subsequently expanded to include synthesizers.Template:Sfn Jimmy Hastings' woodwind playing and orchestral arrangements have also been a regular feature in the band's music since its inception.<ref name="waterloo"/>Template:Rp

Personnel

• 
  Hastings
• 
  Richardson
• 
  Schelhaas
• Error creating thumbnail:
  Walker
• Error creating thumbnail:
  Pomeroy

Members

Current members

• Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals, bass Template:Small
• Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, flute, violin, cello, clarinet, mandolin, vocals Template:Small
• Jan Schelhaas – keyboards, backing vocals Template:Small
• Mark Walker – drums, percussion Template:Small
• Lee Pomeroy - bass, backing vocals Template:Small

Former members

• Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Template:Small
• Richard Sinclair – bass, vocals, guitar Template:Small
• Dave Sinclair – keyboards, vocals Template:Small
• Steve Miller – keyboards Template:Small
• Stuart Evans – bass Template:Small
• John G. Perry – bass, vocals, percussion Template:Small
• Mike Wedgwood – bass, vocals, congas, synthesizers Template:Small
• Dek Messecar – bass, backing vocals Template:Small
• Doug Boyle – guitar Template:Small
• Simon Bentall – percussion Template:Small
• Jimmy Hastings – flute, saxophone Template:Small
• Jim Leverton – bass, vocals Template:Small

Lineups

January 1968 – August 1971<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	August 1971 – July 1972	August 1972 – February 1973	March 1973 – July 1974
Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals, bass Richard Sinclair – bass, vocals, guitar Dave Sinclair – keyboards, backing vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Sinclair – bass, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Steve Miller – keyboards	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Derek Austin – keyboards Stuart Evans – bass Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, vocals	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, vocals Dave Sinclair – keyboards John G. Perry – bass, vocals, percussion
July 1974 – June 1975	July 1975 – December 1976	January 1977 – April 1978	April 1978 – Early 1980
Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, vocals Dave Sinclair – keyboards Mike Wedgwood – bass, vocals, congas, synthesizers	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, vocals Mike Wedgwood – bass, vocals Jan Schelhaas – keyboards, backing vocals	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, vocals Jan Schelhaas – keyboards, backing vocals Dek Messecar – bass, backing vocals	Disbanded
Early 1980 – October 1981	November 1981 – October 1984	November 1984 – December 1989	January 1990 – November 1991
Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, vocals Dek Messecar – bass, backing vocals Dave Sinclair – keyboards, vocals	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Dave Sinclair – keyboards, vocals Richard Sinclair – bass, vocals, guitar	Disbanded	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Dave Sinclair – keyboards Richard Sinclair – bass, vocals
December 1991 – March 1995	April 1995 – August 1996<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>	September 1996 – August 1997	September 1997 – October 2002
Disbanded	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Dave Sinclair – keyboards, backing vocals Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, backing vocals Jim Leverton – bass, vocals	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums Dave Sinclair – keyboards, backing vocals Jim Leverton – bass, vocals Doug Boyle – guitar Jimmy Hastings – flute, saxophone Simon Bentall – percussion	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Dave Sinclair – keyboards, backing vocals Jim Leverton – bass, vocals Doug Boyle – guitar Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, backing vocals
October 2002 – June 2007	June 2007 – December 2010	December 2010 – December 2013	December 2013 – May 2021
Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Jim Leverton – bass, vocals Doug Boyle – guitar Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, backing vocals Jan Schelhaas – keyboards, backing vocals	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – drums, percussion Jim Leverton – bass, vocals Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, backing vocals Jan Schelhaas – keyboards, backing vocals	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Richard Coughlan – percussion Jim Leverton – bass, vocals Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, vocals Jan Schelhaas – keyboards, backing vocals Mark Walker – drums	Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Jim Leverton – bass, vocals Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, vocals Jan Schelhaas – keyboards, backing vocals Mark Walker – drums, percussion
June 2021 – Present
Pye Hastings – guitar, vocals Geoffrey Richardson – guitar, viola, violin, backing vocals Jan Schelhaas – keyboards, backing vocals Mark Walker – drums, percussion Lee Pomeroy – bass, backing vocals (guest in 2021)

Timeline

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Discography

Studio albums

• Caravan (1969)
• If I Could Do It All Over Again, I'd Do It All Over You (1970)
• In the Land of Grey and Pink (1971)
• Waterloo Lily (1972)
• For Girls Who Grow Plump in the Night (1973)
• Cunning Stunts (1975)
• Blind Dog at St. Dunstans (1976)
• Better by Far (1977)
• The Album (1980)
• Back to Front (1982)
• Cool Water (1994)
• The Battle of Hastings (1995)
• The Unauthorized Breakfast Item (2003)
• Paradise Filter (2013)
• It’s None of Your Business (2021)

Live albums

• Caravan and the New Symphonia (1974)
• BBC Radio 1 Live in Concert (1991)
• Live in Holland: Back on the Tracks (1998)
• Live 1990 (1992)
• Songs for Oblivion Fishermen (compilation of BBC recordings, 1998)
• Ether Way (compilation of BBC recordings, 1998)
• The Show of Our Lives (compilation of BBC recordings, 1998)
• Live: Canterbury Comes to London (1999)
• Surprise Supplies (1999)
• Bedrock in Concert (2002)
• Green Bottles for Marjorie: The Lost BBC Sessions (compilation of BBC recordings, 2002)
• Live at the Fairfield Halls, 1974 (2002)
• A Night's Tale (2003)
• Nowhere to Hide (2003)
• With Strings Attached (2003)
• Live UK Tour 1975 (recorded at the University of Nottingham) (2003)
• The Show of Our Lives – Caravan at the BBC 1968–1975 (compilation of BBC recordings, 2007)
• A Hunting We Shall Go: Live In 1974 (2008)
• Caravan - Recorded Live in Concert at Metropolis Studios, London (CD/DVD, 2012)

Compilations

• Canterbury Tales (1977)
• The Show of Our Lives (1981)
• Songs and Signs (1991)
• The Best of Caravan – Canterbury Tales (1994 - expanded reissue of 1977 version)
• All Over You (1997)
• Travelling Man (1998)
• Headloss (1999)
• All Over You...Too (2000)
• Travelling Ways: The HTD Anthology (2000)
• Where but for Caravan Would I? (2000)
• The World Is Yours (4-CD Box Set, 2010)
• Back Catalogue Songs (2013)
• Who Do You Think We Are (2021) (35 CD + DVD and Blu-ray Disc Box Set)

UK Singles

• "Place of My Own" (1969)
• "If I Could Do It All Over Again I'd Do It All Over You" (1970)
• "Love to Love You" (1971)
• "Stuck in a Hole" (1975)
• "All the Way" (1976)
• "Better by Far" (1977)
• "Heartbreaker" (1980)
• "Keepin' Up de Fences" (1980)

<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Div col end

Filmography

• 2002: A Night's Tale - Live in the USA (CD/DVD)
• 2003: A Knight in London (DVD)
• 2004: The Ultimate Anthology (DVD)
• 2005: The 35th Anniversary Concert (DVD)
• 2011: Filmed Live at Metropolis Studios (DVD)
• 2012: Recorded Live in Concert at Metropolis Studios, London (CD/DVD)
• 2014: Caravan Live at RoSFEST, Gettysburg, USA (DVD)
• 2015: Romantic Warriors III: Canterbury Tales (DVD)
• 2015: Access All Areas (CD/DVD)

Bibliography

• Template:Cite book
• Template:Cite book
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External links

• Official Website
• Official European Website
• Caravan biography, discography and album reviews, credits & releases at AllMusic.com
• Template:Discogs artist
• Template:Imdb name