Cassia (genus)

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Cassia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, and the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. Species are known commonly as cassias. The genus includes 37 species and has a pantropical distribution.<ref name = powo>Cassia L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 14 August 2023.</ref> Species of the genera Senna and Chamaecrista were previously included in Cassia. Cassia now generally includes the largest species of the legume subtribe Cassiinae, usually mid-sized to tall trees.

Cassia is also the English common name of some unrelated species in the genus Cinnamomum of the family Lauraceae.

Ecology

File:Cassia.jpg
Cassia fistula

Cassia species occur in a range of climates. Some can be utilized widely as ornamental plants. They have been used in reforestation projects, and species from desert climates can be used to prevent desertification.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Cassia species are used as food plants by the caterpillars of many lepidopteran taxa. For example, the skipper Astraptes fulgerator and the pierids Catopsilia pomona and C. pyranthe are all seen on Cassia fistula. The latter utilizes several other cassias, as well.

The plant pathogenic viruses cassia yellow blotch bromovirus and cassia yellow spot potyvirus were first described from Cassia.

Uses

File:Cassia sieberiana MHNT.BOT.2004.0.224.jpg
Cassia sieberiana fruits

Because the name Cassia is not precise, it is sometimes difficult to know what is meant by references to plants known as "cassias". Cassia gum, for example, is made from Senna obtusifolia, a species formerly included in genus Cassia.

Genera Cassia and Senna are both known in systems of traditional medicine. Cassia fistula, for example, is used in Ayurvedic medicine.Template:Citation needed

There exists some culinary use for cassias. The fruit of some species is edible. In Central America, its pods are stewed into a molasses-like syrup, taken as a sweetener and for its nutritional and medicinal effects. Some have toxins in their seeds, however.

Systematics and taxonomy

There are hundreds of Cassia species, but it is unclear just how many. One estimate stands at 692.<ref name="Frodin">Template:Cite journal</ref> The genus was a wastebasket taxon for a long time, used to classify plants that did not fit well anywhere else. Over 1000 species have belonged to Cassia over the years.<ref name="ILDIS"/> Many taxa have since been transferred to more appropriate genera, such as Senna. Plants of the World Online accepts 37 species.<ref name = powo/>

Species

Cassia comprises the following species:<ref name = powo/><ref name="ILDIS">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="grin">Template:Cite web</ref>

File:Cassia occidentalis in Anantgiri, AP W2 IMG 8828.jpg
Cassia occidentalis

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See also

References

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