Central Welfare Council
The Central Welfare Council (sometimes also translated as Main Social Services Council--Polish, Rada Główna Opiekuńcza) was one of the very few Polish social organizations that were allowed to work under the German occupation of Poland in World War I and World War II.
History
It was created during World War I in 1916.Template:Citation needed By 1918, the RGO had 125,000 children and youth in its care. It moved 11,000 children from Polish cities to families in the countryside between 1915 and 1920.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
The organization was re-created in February 1940 in Krakow.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name=":1">Template:Cite web</ref> The RGO was meant to represent Polish voluntary welfare organizations in the General Government (German-occupied Poland).<ref name=":1" /> It was headquartered in Warsaw during World War II,<ref name=":0">Template:Cite book</ref> but had its departments in most of Polish towns and cities.
The RGO had connections to the Polish resistance, and although it was supervised by the occupying German authorities, it did not cooperate with them.<ref name=":0" />
The RGO organized a field kitchen outside of the transit camp Durchgangslager 121 following its establishment in 1944.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Mathematician Josephine Janina Mehlberg worked with the RGO, bringing food and other supplies to Majdanek concentration camp and negotiating the release of Polish prisoners.<ref name=":2">Template:Cite web</ref>
Organisation
The RGO aided one million people in 1941; in the fall of 1944, 1.2 million people received aid from the organization.<ref name=":0" /> The council was chaired by count Adam Ronikier (February 1940-October 1943) and Konstanty Tchórznicki (until April 1945).<ref name=":0" /> The council had at least 15,000 volunteers all around Poland.
The council received finances from the German authorities and (clandestinely) from the Polish Government in Exile.
Activity
Among its main tasks were organization of:
- Cheap bars with hot soup for the poor and the expelled; almost 2000 such facilities were opened for almost 300,000 people
- Shelters and hostels for displaced persons and the poor
- Holiday camps for children as well as rest-homes for children and elderly people
- Places of free exchange of clothing and food as well as providing the poor with garments; up to 300,000 people a year were offered warm clothing
- Educational facilities and trade schools (other schools were forbidden)
- Relief for the expelled from Polish areas annexed by Germany, Zamość area, Volhynia and residents of Warsaw during and after the Warsaw Uprising
- Sending food packages for the POWs and prisoners of German concentration camps