Charles J. Chaput

Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox Christian leader Template:Infobox bishopstyles Template:Ordination Charles Joseph Chaput OFMCap (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell;<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> born September 26, 1944) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church. He served as the ninth archbishop of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania from 2011 until 2020. He previously served as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Denver in Colorado (1997–2011) and as bishop of the Diocese of Rapid City in South Dakota (1988–1997). Chaput was the first archbishop of Philadelphia in 100 years who was not named a cardinal.

Chaput is a professed Capuchin Franciscan. A member of the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation in Kansas, he is the second Native American bishop and the first Native American archbishop.<ref name=archden>Template:Cite news</ref>

Early life

Charles Chaput was born on September 26, 1944, in Concordia, Kansas, one of three children of Joseph and Marian Helen (née DeMarais) Chaput.<ref name=archden/> His father was a French Canadian who was descended from King Louis IX.<ref name=power>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=coat>Template:Cite news</ref> His mother was a Native American of the Prairie Band Potawatomi tribe; his maternal grandmother was the last member of the family to live on a reservation. Chaput himself was enrolled in the tribe at a young age, taking the name Pietasa ("rustling wind").<ref name=power/><ref name=palmo>Template:Cite news</ref> His Potawatomi name is "the wind that rustles the leaves of the tree" while his Sioux name is "good eagle".<ref>PhillyBurbs.com: "Next Philadelphia archbishop promises changes" By James McGinnis July 20, 2011</ref>

Chaput received his early education at Our Lady of Perpetual Help Grade School in Concordia.<ref name=archden/> Deciding to become a priest at the age of 13,<ref name=power/> he attended St. Francis Seminary High School in Victoria, Kansas.

In 1965, at age 21, Chaput entered the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, a branch of the Franciscans, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.<ref name=archden/> In 1967, he graduated with a bachelor's degree in philosophy from St. Fidelis College Seminary in Herman, Pennsylvania. On July 14, 1968, he made his solemn profession as a Capuchin friar. In 1970, he graduated with a Master of Arts degree in religious education from Capuchin College in Washington, DC.<ref name=archden/>

Priesthood

Chaput was ordained to the priesthood for the Capuchin Order by Bishop Cyril Vogel on August 29, 1970. He received a Master of Theology degree from the University of San Francisco in 1971. From 1971 to 1974, he was an instructor in theology and spiritual director at St. Fidelis College. He then served as executive secretary and director of communications for the Capuchin province in Pittsburgh until 1977.

As a seminarian, Chaput was an active volunteer in the 1968 US presidential campaign of Senator Robert F. Kennedy. As a young priest, he supported the election of Georgia Governor Jimmy Carter as US president in 1976.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Chaput was appointed pastor of Holy Cross Parish in Thornton, Colorado.

Chaput was elected vicar provincial for the Capuchin Province of Mid-America in 1977 and became secretary and treasurer for the province in 1980 and chief executive and provincial minister in 1983. He was part of a group of Native Americans who greeted Pope John Paul II when he visited Phoenix, Arizona, in 1987.

Episcopal career

Bishop of Rapid City

On April 11, 1988, Chaput was appointed bishop of Rapid City by John Paul II. He was consecrated on July 26, 1988, by Archbishop Pio Laghi, with Archbishop John Roach and Archbishop James Stafford serving as co-consecrators.<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Chaput was the second priest of Native American ancestry to be consecrated a bishop in the United States, after Bishop Donald Pelotte. He was the first Native American to be consecrated as an ordinary bishop rather than a titular bishop.Template:Citation needed He chose as his episcopal motto: "As Christ Loved the Church" from Ephesians 5:25.

Archbishop of Denver

On February 18, 1997, Chaput was appointed by John Paul II as archbishop of Denver, replacing Archbishop James Stafford.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> In 2007, Chaput delivered the commencement address at Denver's Augustine Institute. In 2008, he became the episcopal moderator of the Tekakwitha Conference.

In 2007, Chaput conducted an apostolic visitation to the Diocese of Toowoomba in Queensland, Australia, on behalf of the Congregation for Bishops. The Vatican was concerned by statements that Bishop Bill Morris had made regarding the ordination of women.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In May 2011, Pope Benedict XVI removed Morris as bishop of Toowoomba after he refused to resign.<ref>Template:Cite press release</ref>

Chaput was one of five bishops who conducted a Vatican-ordered investigation into the Legionaries of Christ in 2009 to 2010. The investigation was prompted by sexual abuse accusations against the group's founder, Reverend Marcial Maciel, who had been removed from ministry in 2006<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="statement">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Archbishop of Philadelphia

On July 19, 2011, Chaput was appointed as archbishop of Philadelphia by Pope Benedict XVI.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He succeeded Cardinal Justin Rigali, who had reached retirement age of 75 in April 2010.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Chaput's strong record in handling cases of sexual abuse by priests was cited as a rationale for his appointment.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He was installed on September 8, 2011.

From August 17 to 19, 2011, Chaput gave catechesis at the World Youth Day 2011 in Madrid, Spain, similar to the function he performed at the 2008 World Youth Day in Sydney.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On November 14, 2014, at a meeting of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB), Chaput was elected as a delegate to the 2015 Synod of Bishops on the Family, pending Vatican approval.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Though Chaput led a historically important see and his five immediate predecessors were cardinals, Benedict XVI did not appoint him a cardinal in his two 2012 consistories, nor did Pope Francis in any of his.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=terruso>Template:Cite news</ref>

Pope Francis accepted Chaput's letter of resignation as archbishop of Philadelphia on January 23, 2020.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Views

Abortion

Regarding whether Catholic politicians who support legalized abortion should be denied communion, Chaput wrote in 2004 that, while denying anyone the Eucharist is a "very grave matter" that should be used only in "extraordinary cases of public scandal", those who are "living in serious sin or who deny the teachings of the Church" should voluntarily refrain from receiving communion.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The New York Times in 2004 reported that Chaput said it was sinful for Catholics to vote for Democratic US presidential nominee Senator John Kerry. He noted Kerry's views on abortion, among others. According to the Times, Chaput said that anyone voting for Kerry was "cooperating in evil" and needed "to go to confession". After the interview, Chaput criticized The New York Times for the way it allegedly construed his remarks. The archdiocese criticized the article as being "heavily truncated and framed" and posted a full transcript of it.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He stopped responding to the paper's inquiries for six years, in part because he believed the Times had misrepresented him.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Chaput was seen by some critics as "part of a group of bishops intent on throwing the weight of the Catholic Church into the elections".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In public comments, his linkage of the eucharist to the policy stances of political candidates and their supporters were seen as a politicization of moral theology.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In a 2009 interview with Catholic News Agency, Chaput criticized a "spirit of adulation bordering on servility" toward President Barack Obama, remarking that "in democracies, we elect public servants, not messiahs". He said that Obama tried to mask his record on abortion and other issues with "rosy marketing about unity, hope, and change". Chaput also dismissed the notion that Obama was given a broad mandate, saying that he was elected to "fix an economic crisis" and not to "retool American culture on the issues of marriage and the family, sexuality, bioethics, religion in public life, and abortion".<ref name="obama">Template:Cite news</ref>

Chaput in a 2012 interview with the Catholic News Service stated that absolute loyalty to the Church's teachings on core, bioethical, and natural law doctrinal issues must be a higher priority for Catholics than their identity as Americans, their party affiliation and agenda and the laws of their country; Chaput also argues that for a Catholic, loyalty to God is more important than any other identity. He says that the martyrs and confessors gave witness to this importance.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Chaput in September 2016 said that the 2016 American presidential election offered Americans the "worst choice in 50 years". In his view, both Donald Trump and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton were "deeply flawed" candidates.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Gun control

Following the 2019 mass shootings in El Paso, Texas, and Dayton, Ohio, Chaput wrote that he supports background checks for purchasers of firearms, but added this comment:

Only a fool can believe that 'gun control' will solve the problem of mass violence. The people using the guns in these loathsome incidents are moral agents with twisted hearts. And the twisting is done by the culture of sexual anarchy, personal excess, political hatreds, intellectual dishonesty, and perverted freedoms that we've systematically created over the past half-century.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Homosexuality

In a 2011 interview with National Catholic Reporter, Chaput expressed his opposition same-sex marriage and questioned the upbringing of children of same-sex couples. He has said that same-sex couples cannot show children that their parents love each other in the same way that opposite-sex couples can.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2015, Chaput supported the dismissal of Margie Winters, the director of religious education at Waldron Mercy Academy in Merion Station, Pennsylvania. Winters had married her female partner in a civil marriage ceremony in 2007. When a parent reported their marriage to Waldron, Principal Nell Stetser asked Winters to resign; when she refused, the school did not renew her contract.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Chaput said the school administrators had shown "character and common sense at a moment when both seem to be uncommon".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite press release</ref>

On October 4, 2018, at the Synod on Young People and Vocations in Rome, Chaput objected to the use of the terms "LGBT" or "LGBTQ" in church documents. He said:

"There is no such thing as an ‘LGBTQ Catholic' or a 'transgender Catholic' or even a 'heterosexual Catholic,' as if our sexual appetites defined who we are; as if these designations described discrete communities of differing but equal integrity within the real ecclesial community, the body of Jesus Christ."

Immigration reform

Chaput in 2013 advocated the reform of immigration laws to regularize the status of most undocumented immigrants as a moral imperative.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Politics

In his 2008 book Render unto Caesar: Serving the Nation by Living Our Catholic Beliefs in Political Life, Chaput exhorts Catholics to take a "more active, vocal, and morally consistent role" in the political process, arguing that private convictions cannot be separated from public actions without diminishing both. Rather than asking citizens to put aside their religious and moral beliefs for the sake of public policy, Chaput believed that American democracy depended upon a fully engaged citizenry, including religious believers, to function properly.<ref>Cf. Template:Cite book</ref>

Sexual abuse

Chaput has denounced what he sees as a lack of orthodoxy in the church. He accused past Catholic leaders of "ignorance, cowardice and laziness in forming young people to carry the faith into the future."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On March 27, 2019, in a speech to Ohio seminarians, he blamed sexual abuse in the Catholic Church on "a pattern of predatory homosexuality and a failure to weed that out from church life".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Public lectures

In 2014, Chaput delivered the twenty-seventh Erasmus Lecture, titled Strangers in a Strange Land, organized by First Things magazine and the Institute on Religion and Public Life. In his address, Chaput reflected on the challenges of living a Christian life in a post-Christian society, urging believers to remain faithful witnesses amid cultural and moral upheaval. His lecture anticipated themes he later developed in his 2017 book of the same name, emphasizing the need for courage, community, and clarity of faith in modern public life.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

See also

• Catholic Church in the United States
• Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States

External links

• The Archdiocese of Philadelphia website
• How to Conduct Politics as Catholics: The Denver Memorandum, Espresso (August 13, 2008)
• Review of Render Unto Caesar, The Ludwig von Mises Institute (September 2, 2008)
• 'More than able to hold her own,' girl gets boot from Catholic football league. Chaput quoted.