Churchill Downs

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Template:About Template:Use American English Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox Racecourse Churchill Downs is a horse racing complex in Louisville, Kentucky, United States that hosts the annual Kentucky Derby. It opened in 1875 and was named after the Churchill family, prominent in Kentucky for many years.<ref name="Lexington Herald">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Renau">Template:Cite book</ref> The first Kentucky Derby, a Thoroughbred sweepstakes and part of today's horse racing Triple Crown, and the first Kentucky Oaks were held in the same year. Churchill Downs has also hosted the Breeders' Cup on nine occasions, most recently on November 2 and 3, 2018.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The racetrack is owned and operated by Churchill Downs Incorporated. With the infield open for the Kentucky Derby, the capacity of Churchill Downs is roughly 170,000.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In 2009 the Horseplayers Association of North America introduced a rating system for 65 Thoroughbred racetracks in North America, which ranked Churchill Downs number 5 on its list.

In 2014, prior to the start of their spring meet, Churchill Downs announced an increase in parimutuel takeout rates. As a result of the takeout increase, Churchill Downs ranked number 22 in that year's Horseplayers Association of North America Track Ratings.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

History

File:Horse race, Churchill Downs 2008-04-18.jpg
Thoroughbreds competing

The track, formally named Churchill Downs in 1883, is named for the locally prominent Churchill family, after John and Henry Churchill leased Template:Convert of their land to their nephew, Colonel Meriwether Lewis Clark Jr. (grandson of explorer William Clark). Clark was president of the Louisville Jockey Club and Driving Park Association, which formed in 1875. His father-in-law, Richard Ten Broeck, was a horse breeder and trainer, and introduced Clark to horse racing, attending the English Derby at Epsom Downs outside London. Back in Louisville, Clark sought to build an upscale track like Epsom Downs, and include a signature race resembling the English Derby. Clark gathered 320 local sportsmen and business leaders to each invest $100 to fund a new racetrack and grandstand for the Louisville Jockey Club.<ref name="Lexington Herald" /><ref name="Renau" /><ref name="Thomas Kleber">Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

File:Churchill Downs 1901.jpg
Composite image of Churchill Downs on Derby Day, 1902

Churchill Downs filled a void in Louisville left by the closing of Oakland and Woodlawn, two earlier race courses. The then-rural location was along Louisville and Nashville Railroad tracks, allowing for easy transport of horses. Clark, who preferred longer races to the relatively short ones that had become popular by the 1890s, was running short of funds, and in 1894 sold the track to a syndicate led by William E. Applegate.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The new ownership instituted changes, such as commissioning the twin spire grandstand in 1895, shortening the length of the signature race to its modern Template:Convert in 1896, and adorning the winner of the Derby with a garland of roses, a tradition that also began in 1896.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

File:Stands of Churchill Downs 1951.jpg
Gulf Oil executive and noted horse-racing enthusiast Willard F. Jones (second from left) in the stands as they were in 1951

In early 1902, Applegate, who had made his fortune as a bookmaker, turned over the day-to-day operation of the track to Charles F. Grainger, then the mayor of Louisville, in an effort to move Churchill Downs away from being primarily known for gambling. Among the new people Applegate brought on board to help him run the track was Col. Matt Winn of Louisville. Churchill Downs prospered and the Kentucky Derby then became the preeminent stakes race for three-year-old thoroughbred horses in North America.Template:Citation needed

During that early period, a new clubhouse was built in order to promote social interaction and new events such as steeplechases, automobile races and band concerts. The State Fair was held on the grounds, featuring the odd spectacle of two locomotives being intentionally crashed head-on in the infield.

File:University of Louisville marching band, Churchill Downs Twin Spires.jpg
University of Louisville Marching Band in the foreground—during the 2006 Kentucky Derby

On June 5, 1907, African-American jockey James Lee set a record that has never been beaten when he won the entire six-race card at Churchill Downs.Template:Citation needed

In 1908, parimutuel betting machines were introduced as gambling began to be less controversial again, and the wagering portion of the track's business became more profitable. Since then Churchill has expanded beyond traditional horse racing and has moved into online betting, and racing machines.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Churchill Downs was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1986.<ref name="Thomas Kleber" />

On Friday, June 19, 2009, Churchill Downs hosted its first-ever night race with an attendance of over 27,000.Template:Citation needed

Churchill Downs ventured into the music business, organizing the inaugural HullabaLOU Music Festival, held on the weekend of July 23–25, 2010. The track had planned to make this an annual event to compete with other summer music festivals. HullabaLOU attracted 78,000 people but that fell short of the more than 100,000 expected by the company. The company attributed this to the brutal heat, but others cited high ticket prices in a poor economy. The entertainment division lost more than $5 million in its first year and was discontinued.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

File:Twin Spires at Churchill Downs.jpg
The iconic Twin Spires atop the Grandstand at Churchill Downs, adorned with pink for the 2024 Kentucky Oaks.

On Wednesday, June 22, 2011, an EF2 tornado hit the Louisville area, striking the stables and chapel at Churchill Downs, at EF1 intensity.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Several stables were badly damaged, as was the chapel. Over 200 horses had to be evacuated from the damaged stables and be relocated to other stables that were not damaged by the tornado. The tornado did not cause any damage to the twin spires or the clubhouse.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Thurby is a portmanteau for Thursday plus Derby, and this name for the Thursday racing in Derby week has been recognized by Churchill Downs since 2014.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In June 2023, following the investigation by Kentucky Horse Racing Commission and Horseracing Integrity and Safety Authority over twelve horse fatalities since April 27, 2023, Churchill Downs transferred its spring-summer racing meet to Ellis Park Race Course in Henderson, Kentucky while it re-evaluated its safety measures.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Races were held at Churchill Downs in 2025.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Graded events

The following Graded events were held at Churchill Downs in 2024 and 2025.

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Facilities

File:Churchill downs.jpg
Churchill Downs front entrance gate
File:Churchill Downs, spring meet 2014.jpg
Churchill Downs, spring meet 2014

The twin spires atop the grandstands are the most recognizable architectural feature of Churchill Downs and are used as a symbol of the track and the Derby. They were designed by the Louisville architectural firm D.X. Murphy & Bro. who were prolific in the city, markedly so for their philanthropic work with the Catholic Church.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Today, Churchill Downs covers Template:Convert. The usual number of people seated at the derby is 50,000 people, though crowds can reach over 150,000 on Derby day. The dirt oval main track, on which the Derby is run, is one mile (1.6 km) in circumference and is Template:Convert wide, with a Template:Convert section for the starting gate. A turf track, inside the main track, is Template:Convert in circumference and Template:Convert wide. The elevation of the track is approximately Template:Convert above sea level.

From 2001 to 2005, Churchill Downs underwent a three-and-a-half year, $121 million renovation. The clubhouse was replaced, 79 luxury suites were added, and the twin spires were refurbished. One of the additions in the clubhouse was a Template:Convert mural by Pierre Bellocq depicting all 96 jockeys to win the Kentucky Derby from 1875 to 2004. In summer 2008 the same artist added another mural depicting all of the trainers and updating the Jockey's painting, adding Calvin Borel and Edgar Prado to it. These updates are done yearly to accommodate new winning trainers and jockeys. The new design has been somewhat controversial since the new suites block full view of the spires from most angles.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

File:2006 Breeders Cup Juvenile, Street Sense with Calvin Borel Winner-Hidden On Rail.jpg
Churchill Downs has hosted the Breeders' Cup eight times during the fall meet

Racing at Churchill Downs occurs in three meets though for the majority of its existence there were only two meets per year. The spring meet starts one week before the Derby and continues until early July. The Kentucky Derby is held the first Saturday in May and the Kentucky Oaks is run on the Friday before the Derby. A fall meet picks up in late October and closes Thanksgiving weekend in late November. Night races were established in 2009. A third meet in September was added in 2013.

In addition to the track, clubhouse and stables, Churchill Downs also contains the Kentucky Derby Museum which focuses on the history of the Kentucky Derby and Churchill Downs. The museum also contains a number of exhibits exploring the training and racing of thoroughbred horses. It includes a 360-degree cinema that shows the short film The Greatest Race, a documentary about the Kentucky Derby. The museum is normally open year-round.

In October 2013, Churchill Downs began installing a new, ultra high-definition video board built by Panasonic, which became operational in time for the 2014 Kentucky Derby. Called "The Big Board", it measures Template:Convert wide and Template:Convert high, with the bottom edge Template:Convert off the ground, and weighs Template:Convert. It was constructed along the outside of the backstretch of the dirt course facing the grandstand and infield. At the time, it was the largest ultra high-definition video board ever constructed. At the same time, 750 speakers were installed around the track.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Churchill Downs has had several renovation projects since the early 2010s. A new grandstand on the clubhouse turn, the First Turn Club, was completed and opened before the 2023 Kentucky Derby with capacity for more than 7,000 people.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The following year, before the 150th Kentucky Derby, a new $200 million paddock was opened.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>This new paddock also featuring past derby winners around with the number they wore as well as the year they won.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In February 2025 track management announced two new projects: a reconstructed grandstand between the finish line and the First Turn Club with capacity for over 13,000 people, and new permanent structures on the infield facing the homestretch.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Two months later Churchill Downs announced that these construction projects, estimated to cost nearly US$1 billion, would be postponed because of "increasing uncertainty surrounding construction costs" due to tariffs and trade disputes.<ref name=usatoday230425>Template:Cite web</ref> At the same time, management announced renovations to the Finish Line suites and Trophy Room, estimated to cost $25–30 million, that are expected to be completed before the 2026 Kentucky Derby.<ref name=usatoday230425/>

People associated with Churchill Downs

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Chief executive officers

From 1875 through 2019, Churchill Downs has had 12 CEOs.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Track announcers

TV personalities

  • John Asher (1997–1998 the paddock show, CD Today a handicapping show 2007–2018)
  • Mike Battaglia (1997–2007 full-time, 2008–? as an occasional fill-in. Also the Tracks Morning Line Odds-Maker since 1974.)
  • Donna Barton Brothers (1999–2002)
  • Jill Byrne (2004–2007 fill-in, 2008–2014)
  • Jessica Pacheco (2007 Derby week)
  • Joanne Jones (2007 Derby week)
  • Joe Kristufek (2015–present full-time)
  • Kaitlin Free (2021–present)
  • Tony Calo (2024–present)
  • Kevin Kilroy (2024–present)

See also

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Notes

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References

  • Thomas, Samuel W. 1995. Churchill Downs, A Documentary History of America's Most Legendary Race Track
  • Schriener, Bruce. 2005. Historic track unveils $121 million facelift. Associated Press. April 28.

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