Clermont, Queensland
Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use Australian English Template:Infobox Australian place Template:GeoGroup Clermont is a rural town and locality in the Isaac Region, Queensland, Australia.<ref name=qpnt>Template:Cite QPN</ref><ref name=qpnl>Template:Cite QPN</ref> Clermont is a major hub for the large coal mines in the region, and is also a service town for agricultural properties in the area. In the Template:CensusAU, the locality of Clermont had a population of 2,952 people.<ref name="Census2021" />
Geography
Clermont is Template:Convert south-west of Mackay, at the junction of the Gregory and Peak Downs highways.
The historic towns of North Copperfield (Template:Coord) and South Copperfield (Template:Coord), often referred to collectively as Copperfield are along Christoe Street approximately Template:Convert south-west of the Clermont town centre.<ref name="globe">Template:Queensland Globe</ref>
The Gregory Highway runs through the eastern end, and the Peak Downs Highway enters from the east. The Clermont Connection Road links the Gregory Highway to the CBD, and the Clermont-Alpha Road starts in the CBD and exits to the south-west.<ref>Template:Cite map</ref>
Climate
History
Gangalu (Gangulu, Kangulu, Kanolu, Kaangooloo, Khangulu) is an Australian Aboriginal language spoken on Gangula country. The Gangula language region includes the towns of Clermont and Springsure, extending south towards the Dawson River.<ref>Template:Cite SLQ-CC-BY</ref>
Ludwig Leichhardt was the first European to pass through the Clermont area in 1845, but it was the discovery of gold in 1861 that was responsible for the establishment of the town, close to what was Babbinburra clan land.
The town reserve was proclaimed on 25 March 1864, although a gold field was declared in the area in 1862.<ref name="cles">Template:Cite web</ref> Clermont is named after Clermont-Ferrand in France; Clermont-Ferrand was the ancestral home of Oscar de Satge, one of the first European graziers who owned the Wolfang Downs pastoral run.<ref name="irc">Template:Cite web</ref>
Theresa Creek Post Office opened by 1863, was replaced by Coppermines Post Office at the end of 1863 and Clermont Post Office in 1864.<ref name="Post Office">Template:Cite web</ref>
In the 1860s and 1870s the area around Clermont was known as "the Peak Downs". The first newspaper, the Peak Downs Telegram and Mining Record, was established in August 1864, and the first issue was dated Tuesday, 4 October.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The first church in Clermont was a Catholic church opened on Sunday 4 November 1866 and dedicated to St Mary, Blessed Virgin of Sorrows.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Clermont State School opened on 27 August 1867.<ref name=qs>Template:Cite QldSchool</ref><ref name=qfhs>Template:Citation</ref><ref name=qsa1>Template:Cite QSA Agency</ref>
A Congregational church opened in North Copperfield in November 1868.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The Presbyterian Church in Clermont opened in 1878.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It was formally re-opened on Sunday 10 June 1883.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Copper was discovered soon after. In the 1880s up to 4000 Chinese people were resident in Clermont, mining for gold and copper. This led to racial riots and the Chinese were removed from the region in 1888.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The decorated soldier Billy Sing was born in Clermont in 1886 of a Chinese father and English mother.<ref>Template:Citation</ref>
The railway was extended north from Emerald to Clermont in February 1884. However, no passenger trains are available to or from Clermont.
A Wesleyan Methodist Church opened in Clermont on the corner of Box Street and Capella Street on Sunday 19 September 1886. This is the site of the current Clermont Uniting Church, but the current church building was built circa 1970.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The town was originally established on low-lying ground next to a lagoon or billabong; flooding was always a problem, with four substantial floods occurring between 1864 and 1896.
St Joseph's School opened in January 1900.<ref name="qfhs2">Template:Citation</ref>
The greatest flood, in 1916, killed 65 people out of a town population of 1,500 and remains one of Australia's worst natural disasters in terms of life lost. Following the 1916 flood, many of the wooden buildings of the town were moved using steam traction engines to a new townsite on higher ground. A local amateur photographer, Gordon Pullar took numerous photographs of the moving buildings, published in the 1980s as "A Shifting Town".<ref>Template:Citation</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In the mid-1920s, The Capricornian newspaper refers to a Mr P. Matones (Matonez) as being one of the first owners of the Paris café in Clermont.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> John (Jack) and Marouli (Monty) Faros took over the Café in the 1930s. It operated until 1992.<ref>Template:SLQ-CC-BY</ref>
In 1935, Clermont was important line linking with Charters Towers for public telephone communications.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The Clermont public library was opened in 1962.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
On 27 January 1959, a secondary department was added to Clermont State School, providing secondary education for years 8 to 12. That arrangement ceased with the opening of Clermont State High School on 29 January 1990.<ref name=qs/><ref name=qfhs/><ref name=qsa1/><ref>Template:Cite QSA Agency</ref>
Mistake Creek State School opened in the former locality of Mistake Creek on 24 January 1983.<ref>Template:Cite QldSchool</ref>
On 17 May 2019, it was decided to discontinue the locality of Mistake Creek and absorb its land into the neighbouring localities of Clermont, Laglan, Frankfield and Peak Vale.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Demographics
In the Template:CensusAU, the town of Clermont had a population of 2,177 people.<ref name="census11">Template:Census 2011 AUS</ref>
In the Template:CensusAU, the locality of Clermont had a population of 3,031 people.<ref name=Census2016>Template:Census 2016 AUS</ref>
In the Template:CensusAU, the locality of Clermont had a population of 2,952 people.<ref name=Census2021>Template:Census 2021 AUS</ref>
Heritage listings
Clermont has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
- Clermont Cemetery, Cemetery Road (Template:Coord)<ref>Template:Cite QHR</ref>
- Stone Farm Building, 739 Fleurs Lane (Template:Coord)<ref>Template:Cite QHR</ref>
- Irlam's Ant Bed Building, Oaky Creek, Template:Convert west of Clermont on the Clermont-Alpha Road (Template:Coord)<ref>Template:Cite QHR</ref>
Coal mining
Glencore is currently operating the Clermont Mine, located Template:Convert north west of Clermont.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> When the mine reaches full capacity it will produce up to 12.2 million tonnes of thermal coal for international markets. Clermont Mine delivered its first conveyor of coal in April 2010.<ref>MacDonald, C 2010. Clermont mine delivers first conveyor of coal Template:Webarchive. The Australian Bulk Handling Review. Retrieved on 11 April 2012.</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Clermont also hosted another larger coal mine; Blair Athol coal mine, located Template:Convert north west of Clermont. The mine supplied customers in Asia and Europe with up to 12 million tonnes of thermal coal per annum. The coal deposit was originally discovered on the site in 1864<ref name="sgd"/> and was first mined in 1890. Between 1920 and 1945 coal was mined with an underground method, which is still visible today. The most recent open cut operation started in 1984. Blair Athol Mine was closed on 26 November 2012 after it became completely mined out,<ref name="sgd">Template:Cite news</ref> with its stockpile and train facilities to be used by the Clermont Mine.<ref name="sgd"/>
Education
Clermont State School is a government primary (Prep–6) school for boys and girls at Hetherington Street (Template:Coord).<ref name="SchoolList2018">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 237 students with 20 teachers (18 full-time equivalent) and 12 non-teaching staff (9 full-time equivalent).<ref name="ACARA2017">Template:Cite web</ref>
Mistake Creek State School is a government primary (Prep–6) school for boys and girls at 6652 Alpha Road (Template:Coord).<ref name="SchoolList20182">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 14 students with 2 teachers and 2 non-teaching staff (1 full-time equivalent).<ref name="ACARA20172">Template:Cite web</ref> This school is within the former locality of Mistake Creek, which was discontinued and absorbed into neighbouring localities in May 2019; the school is now within the enlarged boundaries of the locality of Clermont.<ref name="globe" />
St Joseph's Catholic Primary School is a Catholic primary (Prep–6) school for boys and girls at 50 Box Street (Template:Coord).<ref name="SchoolList2018" /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 106 students with 10 teachers (9 full-time equivalent) and 6 non-teaching staff (3 full-time equivalent).<ref name="ACARA2017" />
Clermont State High School is a government secondary (7–12) school for boys and girls at 1 Kitchener Street (Template:Coord).<ref name="SchoolList2018" /><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 182 students with 20 teachers and 15 non-teaching staff (11 full-time equivalent).<ref name="ACARA2017" />
Amenities
The Isaac Regional Council operates a public library at the corner of Karmoo and Herschel Street.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
The Clermont branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association meets at the QCWA Rooms at 28 Sirus Street.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Clermont Uniting Church is at 40 Box Street (corner of Capella Street, Template:Coord).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Clermont aerodrome lies Template:Convert north northeast of the town.
Attractions
Clermont Historical Centre has displays relating the history of settlement, farming and mining in Clermont, Copperfield, and Blair Athol.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
References
Further reading
- Template:Citation — full text available online
External links
- Template:Cite web
- Clermont Show
- Annual reports Clermont Hospitals Board 1953 to 1991, State Library of Queensland
- Clermont rag: Community newspaper, Trove