Clobetasol propionate

Template:Short description Template:Distinguish Template:Use dmy dates Template:Cs1 config Template:Main other {{#invoke:Infobox|infobox}}Template:Template other{{#invoke:TemplatePar |check |template=Template:Infobox_drug |all= |opt= pronounce= pronounce_ref= pronounce_comment= ATC_prefix= ATC_suffix= ATC_supplemental= ATCvet= biosimilars= CAS_number_Ref= CAS_number= CAS_supplemental= ChEBI= ChEBI_Ref= ChEMBL_Ref= ChEMBL= ChemSpiderID= ChemSpiderID_Ref= chirality= class= container_only= DailyMedID= data_page= DrugBank_Ref= DrugBank= Drugs.com= duration_of_action= INN= INN_EMA= IUPAC_name= IUPHAR_ligand= KEGG_Ref= KEGG= MedlinePlus= NIAID_ChemDB= PDB_ligand= PubChemSubstance= PubChem= StdInChIKey_Ref= StdInChIKey= StdInChI_Ref= StdInChI_comment= StdInChI= UNII_Ref= UNII= DTXSID= Verifiedfields= Watchedfields= addiction_liability= alt2= altL= altR= alt= bioavailability= boiling_high= boiling_notes= boiling_point= captionLR= caption= caption2= charge= chemical_formula= chemical_formula_ref= chemical_formula_comment= class1= class2= class3= class4= class5= class6= component1= component2= component3= component4= component5= component6= density= density_notes= dependency_liability= drug_name= elimination_half-life= engvar= excretion= image2= imageL= imageR= image= image_class= image_class2= image_classL= image_classR= Jmol= legal_AU= legal_BR= legal_CA= legal_DE= legal_EU= legal_NZ= legal_UK= legal_UN= legal_US= legal_AU_comment= legal_BR_comment= legal_CA_comment= legal_DE_comment= legal_UK_comment= legal_NZ_comment= legal_US_comment= legal_UN_comment= legal_EU_comment= legal_status= licence_CA= licence_EU= licence_US= license_CA= license_EU= license_US= mab_type= melting_high= melting_notes= melting_point= metabolism= metabolites= molecular_weight= molecular_weight_round= molecular_weight_unit= molecular_weight_ref= molecular_weight_comment= onset= pregnancy_AU= pregnancy_AU_comment= pregnancy_category= protein_bound= routes_of_administration= SMILES= smiles= solubility= sol_units= source= specific_rotation= synonyms= target= tradename= type= vaccine_type= verifiedrevid= width2= widthL= widthR= width= AAN= BAN= JAN= USAN= source_tissues= target_tissues= receptors= agonists= antagonists= precursor= biosynthesis= gt_target_gene= gt_vector= gt_nucleic_acid_type= gt_editing_method= gt_delivery_method= sec_combustion= Ac=Ag=Al=Am=Ar=As=At=Au=B=Ba=Be=Bh=Bi=Bk=Br=C=Ca=Cd=Ce=Cf=Cl=Cm=Cn=Co=Cr=Cs=Cu= D=Db=Ds=Dy=Er=Es=Eu=F=Fe=Fl=Fm=Fr=Ga=Gd=Ge=H=He=Hf=Hg=Ho=Hs=I=In=Ir=K=Kr=La=Li=Lr=Lu=Lv= Mc=Md=Mg=Mn=Mo=Mt=N=Na=Nb=Nd=Ne=Nh=Ni=No=Np=O=Og=Os=P=Pa=Pb=Pd=Pm=Po=Pr=Pt=Pu=Ra=Rb=Re=Rf=Rg=Rh=Rn=Ru=S=Sb=Sc=Se=Sg=Si=Sm=Sn=Sr=Ta=Tb=Tc=Te=Th=Ti=Tl=Tm=Ts=U=V=W=Xe=Y=Yb=Zn=Zr= index_label= index2_label= index_comment= index2_comment= CAS_number2= CAS_supplemental2= ATC_prefix2= ATC_suffix2= ATC_supplemental2= PubChem2= PubChemSubstance2= IUPHAR_ligand2= DrugBank2= ChemSpiderID2= UNII2= KEGG2= ChEBI2= ChEMBL2= PDB_ligand2= NIAID_ChemDB2= SMILES2= smiles2= StdInChI2= StdInChIKey2= CAS_number2_Ref= ChEBI2_Ref= ChEMBL2_Ref= ChemSpiderID2_Ref= DrugBank2_Ref= KEGG2_Ref= StdInChI2_Ref= StdInChIKey2_Ref= UNII2_Ref= DTXSID2= QID= QID2=PLLR= pregnancy_US= pregnancy_US_comment= |cat=Pages using infobox drug with unknown parameters |format=0|errNS=0

|preview=

}}{{Infobox drug/maintenance categoriesTemplate:Yesno | drug_name = | INN = | _drugtype =

| _has_physiological_data= | _has_gene_therapy=

| vaccine_type= | mab_type= | _number_of_combo_chemicals={{#invoke:ParameterCount |main |component1 |component2 |component3 |component4|component5|component6 }} | _vaccine_data= | _mab_data= | _mab_vaccine_data= | _mab_other_data=253215ClCC(=O)[C@]3(OC(=O)CC)[C@]2(C[C@H](O)[C@]4(F)[C@@]/1(\C(=C/C(=O)\C=C\1)CC[C@H]4[C@@H]2C[C@@H]3C)C)C1S/C25H32ClFO5/c1-5-21(31)32-25(20(30)13-26)14(2)10-18-17-7-6-15-11-16(28)8-9-22(15,3)24(17,27)19(29)12-23(18,25)4/h8-9,11,14,17-19,29H,5-7,10,12-13H2,1-4H3/t14-,17-,18-,19-,22-,23-,24-,25-/m0/s1CBGUOGMQLZIXBE-XGQKBEPLSA-NTemplate:StdinchiciteTemplate:Stdinchicite | _combo_data= | _physiological_data= | _clinical_data=Template:Drugs.comClobetasol propionate B3TopicalDermovate, Temovate, Clovate, othersD07 | _legal_data=<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>Rx-onlyRx-only

| _other_data=[17-(2'-Chloroacetyl)-9-fluoro-11-hydroxy-10,13,16-trimethyl-3-oxo-6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] propanoate

| _image_0_or_2 = Clobetasol Propionate.svg | _image_LR =

| _datapage = Clobetasol propionate (data page) | _vaccine_target={{#ifeq: | vaccine | | _type_not_vaccine }} | _legal_all=Rx-onlyRx-only | _ATC_prefix_supplemental=D07 | _has_EMA_link = | CAS_number=25122-46-7 | PubChem=32798 | ChemSpiderID=30399 | ChEBI=31414 | ChEMBL=1159650 | DrugBank=DB01013 | KEGG=D01272 | _hasInChI_or_Key={{#if:1S/C25H32ClFO5/c1-5-21(31)32-25(20(30)13-26)14(2)10-18-17-7-6-15-11-16(28)8-9-22(15,3)24(17,27)19(29)12-23(18,25)4/h8-9,11,14,17-19,29H,5-7,10,12-13H2,1-4H3/t14-,17-,18-,19-,22-,23-,24-,25-/m0/s1CBGUOGMQLZIXBE-XGQKBEPLSA-N |yes}} | UNII=779619577M | _hasJmol02 = |_hasMultipleCASnumbers = |_hasMultiplePubChemCIDs = |_hasMultipleChEBIs =

| _countSecondIDs={{#invoke:ParameterCount |main |CAS_number2 |ATC_prefix2 |PubChem2 |PubChemStructure2 |IUPHAR_ligand2 |DrugBank2 |ChemSpiderID2 |UNII2 |KEGG2 |ChEBI2 |ChEMBL2 |PDB_ligand2 |NIAID_ChemDB2 |SMILES2 |smiles2 |StdInChI2 |StdInChIKey2 |DTXCID2}} | _countIndexlabels={{#invoke:ParameterCount |main |index_label |index2_label}} | _trackListSortletter= |QID = |QID2 = |Verifiedfields= |Watchedfields=changed |verifiedrevid=460042200}} Clobetasol propionate is a corticosteroid that is used to treat skin conditions such as eczema, contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, steroid responsive dermatosis, and psoriasis (including scalp and plaque-type).<ref name=AHFS2019>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=UpToDate>Template:Cite web</ref> It is applied to the skin as a cream, foam, gel, liquid, solution, ointment, or shampoo.<ref name=AHFS2019/><ref name=BNF76>Template:Cite book</ref> Clobetasol propionate is a propionate ester of the corticosteroid clobetasol.<ref name="Elks2014">Template:Cite book</ref>

Common side effects include skin irritation, dry skin, redness, pimples, and telangiectasia.<ref name=AHFS2019/> Serious side effects may include adrenal suppression, allergic reactions, cellulitis, and Cushing's syndrome.<ref name=AHFS2019/> Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is of unclear safety.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Clobetasol is believed to work by activating steroid receptors.<ref name=AHFS2019/>

Clobetasol propionate was patented in 1968 and came into medical use in 1978.<ref name=Fis2006>Template:Cite book</ref> It is available as a generic medication.<ref name=BNF76/> In 2023, it was the 129th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 4Template:Nbspmillion prescriptions.<ref name="Top 300">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Medical uses

Clobetasol propionate is used for the treatment of various skin disorders including eczema, herpes labialis,<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> psoriasis, and lichen sclerosus. It is also used to treat several auto-immune diseases including alopecia areata, lichen planus (auto immune skin nodules), and mycosis fungoides (T-cell skin lymphoma). It is used as a first-line treatment for both acute and chronic GVHD of the skin.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Clobetasol propionate is used cosmetically for skin whitening, although this use is controversial. The US Food and Drug Administration has not approved it for that purpose, and sales without a prescription are illegal in the US. Nonetheless, skin-whitening creams containing this ingredient can sometimes be found in beauty supply stores in New York City and on the internet. It is also sold internationally and does not require a prescription in some countries. Whitening creams with clobetasol propionate, such as Hyprogel, can make skin thin and easily bruised, with visible capillaries, and acne. It can also lead to hypertension, elevated blood sugar, suppression of the body's natural steroids, and stretch marks, which may be permanent.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Clobetasol propionate is, along with mercury and hydroquinone, "amongst the most toxic, the latter in higher concentrations, and most used agents in lightening products." Many products sold illegally have higher concentrations of clobetasol propionate than is permitted for prescription drugs.<ref name="Gbetoh">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Clobetasol 0.05% is considered a member of the "super-high potency" group of topical corticosteroids out of seven total groups in the United States classification system of topical corticosteroids.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name=UpToDate />

Society and culture

Brand names

Clobetasol propionate is marketed and sold worldwide under many names, including Clobex, Clob-x, Clovate, Clobet, Clonovate, Cormax, Haloderm, Pentasol, Cosvate, Clop, Propysalic, Temovate, Dermovate, Olux, ClobaDerm, Tenovate, Dermatovate, Butavate, Movate, Novate, Salac, Powercort, Lotasbat, Kloderma, Lemonvate, Clobesol, Dovate, Delor, Psovate, Clinoderm [Thailand] and Skineal.