Coloma, California

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Coloma (Nisenan: Cullumah, meaning "beautiful") is a census-designated place<ref>Template:Gnis</ref> in El Dorado County, California, United States. It is approximately Template:Convert northeast of Sacramento, California. Coloma is most noted for being the site where James W. Marshall found gold in the Sierra Nevada foothills, at Sutter's Mill on January 24, 1848,<ref name = nrhpinv2/> leading to the California gold rush. Coloma's population is 521.

The settlement is a tourist attraction known for its ghost town and the centerpiece of the Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park. Coloma was designated a National Historic Landmark District on July 4, 1961.<ref name="nrhpinv2">Template:Cite journal and Template:NHLS url Template:Small</ref><ref name="nhlsum"/>

It lies at an elevation of Template:Convert.<ref name=gnis>Template:Gnis</ref>

Etymology

The name comes from the Nisenan Native Americans name for the valley in which Coloma is located: Cullumah, meaning 'beautiful.' Coloma is on the South Fork American River that runs through the valley and was built on the original Indian village of Koloma.<ref>Template:Gnis</ref> Former spellings include "Colluma" and "Culloma".<ref name=CGN />

History

Coloma grew around Sutter's Mill following the finding of gold.<ref name=CGN>Template:California's Geographic Names</ref> A post office was established in 1849 under the name Culloma, changing to Coloma in 1851.<ref name=CGN />

One of Coloma's earliest settlers was Silas Sanderson (1824–1886), who went on to become the 7th Chief Justice of California.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Another was Nancy Gooch, who was one of the first black women to succeed in California.

Ghost town

File:ROBERT BELL'S STORE, COLOMA, CALIFORNIA.jpg

Robert Bell's store in Coloma

While some people still live in the area, Coloma is considered something of a ghost town because civic buildings such as the jail have been abandoned and left to decay, and other buildings from its boom era (1847–1852) have been converted into museums and other historical displays. The tailrace of Sutter's Mill remains, as does a nearby reconstruction.<ref name = marshall>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In reality the meaningfulness of the township of Coloma has dissipated as residents who live in the wider Coloma Valley area generally share a community spirit.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The local economy is based predominantly on agriculture<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and tourism. Of particular note is the rafting industry as the South Fork American River is one of the most popular white-water trips in North America.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Demographics

Coloma first appeared as a census designated place in the 2010 U.S. census.<ref name=2010CensusCA/>

File:Coloma CA - post office.jpg

Post Office

File:James Marshall cabin in Coloma California.jpg

James Marshall cabin in Coloma

The 2020 United States census reported that Coloma had a population of 521. The population density was Template:Convert. The racial makeup of Coloma was 417 (80.0%) White, 5 (1.0%) African American, 3 (0.6%) Native American, 6 (1.2%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 22 (4.2%) from other races, and 68 (13.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 60 persons (11.5%).<ref name=DP1>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The census reported that 504 people (96.7% of the population) lived in households, 17 (3.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and no one was institutionalized.<ref name=DP1/>

There were 222 households, out of which 79 (35.6%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 133 (59.9%) were married-couple households, 15 (6.8%) were cohabiting couple households, 47 (21.2%) had a female householder with no partner present, and 27 (12.2%) had a male householder with no partner present. 28 households (12.6%) were one person, and 16 (7.2%) were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.27.<ref name=DP1/> There were 169 families (76.1% of all households).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The age distribution was 62 people (11.9%) under the age of 18, 40 people (7.7%) aged 18 to 24, 98 people (18.8%) aged 25 to 44, 167 people (32.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 154 people (29.6%) who were 65Template:Nbspyears of age or older. The median age was 55.9Template:Nbspyears. For every 100 females, there were 101.9 males.<ref name=DP1/>

There were 267 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert, of which 222 (83.1%) were occupied. Of these, 170 (76.6%) were owner-occupied, and 52 (23.4%) were occupied by renters.<ref name=DP1/>

Politics

In the state legislature, Coloma is in Template:Representative,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Template:Representative.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Federally, Coloma is in Template:Representative.<ref>Template:Cite GovTrack</ref>

Climate

According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Coloma has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csa" on climate maps.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Sister cities

Coloma is sister cities with Clunes, Australia.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Education

It is in the Gold Trail Union Elementary School District and the El Dorado Union High School District.<ref name=2020SDMapCensus>Template:Cite map - Text list</ref>

Notable people

• Nancy Gooch<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

External links

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• Local visitor's guide