Devanagari numerals
Template:Short description Template:Sidebar with collapsible groups
The Devanagari numerals are the symbols used to write numbers in the Devanagari script, predominantly used for northern Indian languages. They are used to write decimal numbers, instead of the Western Arabic numerals.
Table
In modern-era, languages like Hindi, Marathi and Nepali have adopted Devanagari as the standard script, before which they were respectively written using Kaithi, Modi and Newari scripts.
| Modern Devanagari |
Western Arabic |
Words for the cardinal number | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sanskrit (wordstem) |
Hindi | Marathi | Nepali | ||
| ० | 0 | शून्य (Template:IAST) | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> (Template:IAST)|| शून्य (Template:IAST)|| {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} ({{#invoke:Lang|lang}}) — colloq.सुन्ना<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |
CitationClass=web
}}</ref> (Template:IAST) |
| १ | 1 | lang}} ({{#invoke:Lang|lang}}) | एक (Template:IAST) | एक (Template:IAST) | एक (Template:IAST) |
| २ | 2 | द्वि (Template:IAST) | दो (Template:IAST) | दोन (Template:IAST) | दुई (Template:IAST) |
| ३ | 3 | त्रि (Template:IAST) | तीन (Template:IAST) | तीन (Template:IAST) | तिन (Template:IAST) |
| ४ | 4 | चतुर् (Template:IAST) | चार (Template:IAST) | चार (Template:IAST) | चारि (Template:IAST) |
| ५ | 5 | पञ्च (Template:IAST) | पाँच (Template:IAST) | पाच (Template:IAST) | पाँच (Template:IAST) |
| ६ | 6 | षष् (Template:IAST) | छह (Template:IAST) | सहा (Template:IAST) | छ (Template:IAST) |
| ७ | 7 | सप्त (Template:IAST) | सात (Template:IAST) | सात (Template:IAST) | सात (Template:IAST) |
| ८ | 8 | अष्ट (Template:IAST) | आठ (Template:IAST) | आठ (Template:IAST) | आठ (Template:IAST) |
| ९ | 9 | नव (Template:IAST) | नौ (Template:IAST) | नऊ (Template:IAST) | नौ (Template:IAST) |
The word Template:IAST for zero was calqued into Arabic as {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, meaning 'nothing', which became the term "zero" in many European languages via Medieval Latin {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}.<ref name="Zero">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} </ref> In Hindustani language, it was borrowed from Arabic (via Persian) as Template:Linktext (Template:IAST).
Variants
Devanagari digits shapes may vary depending on geographical area or epoch. Some of the variants are also seen in older Sanskrit literature.<ref>Devanagari for TEX version 2.17, page 22</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
| १ | File:Devanagari Numeral 1 var 1.png Common |
File:Devanagari Numeral 1 var 2.png Nepali |
1 |
|---|---|---|---|
| ५ | File:Devanagari Numeral 5 var 1.png "Bombay" Variant |
File:Devanagari Numeral 5 var 2.png "Calcutta" Variant |
5 |
| ८ | File:Devanagari Numeral 8 var 1.png "Bombay" Variant |
File:Devanagari Numeral 8 var 2.png "Calcutta" Variant |
8 |
| ९ | File:Devanagari Numeral 9 var 1.png Common |
File:Devanagari Numeral 9 var 2.png Nepali Variant |
9 |
In Nepali language ५, ८, ९ (5, 8, 9) - these numbers are slightly different from modern Devanagari numbers. In Nepali language uses old Devanagari system for writing these numbers, like {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}
See also
References
- Notes
- Sources