Dezhou

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Dezhou (Template:Lang-zh) is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Shandong province, People's Republic of China. It borders the provincial capital of Jinan to the southeast, Liaocheng to the southwest, Binzhou to the northeast, and the province of Hebei to the north.

History

File:Txu-oclc-10552568-nj50-10.jpg
lang}}) (AMS, 1954)

Sulu royal family

In 1417, the pre-sultanate East King of Sulu, Paduka Pahala, sailed to China on a tribute mission to the Yongle Emperor. While on his way home from the mission, he died in Dezhou, and his two sons and wife were left in the care of Hui people in the city.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite book</ref> The two families descended from the two sons were given the surnames An and Wen by the Ming dynasty. They lived through the Ming and Qing dynasties, and still live in Dezhou today.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Soon after, Sharif ul-Hāshim of Sulu arrived in Sulu and married a princess of the previous non-Hashemite royal family, founding the Sulu Sultanate. Since then, various Tausūg delegations from Sulu have visited Dezhou to meet the descendants of the previous royal family.Template:Citation needed

Death of Empress Xiaoxianchun

While on a boat in Dezhou, on 5 April 1748,Template:Efn the Qianlong Emperor's first empress, Empress Xiaoxianchun, died at the age of 37.<ref>Template:Harvnb: "十三年，從上東巡，還蹕，三月乙未，后崩於德州舟次，年三十七。(...[On the] 13th year, she followed the Emperor for an eastern tour, During their return on the yuemo of the 3rd month, the Queen died on board a yacht in Dezhou, aged 37."</ref> The circumstances of her death are not well documented by historical sources.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Administration

Template:See also The municipality of Dezhou comprises thirteen county-level sub divisions:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Districts
Cities

Cities ({{#invoke:Lang|lang}} xianji shi) administered by Dezhou are:

Counties

Counties (县 xian) administered by Dezhou are:

Development zones
  • Tianquxin-Qu (天衢新区), which is the former:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Map

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Climate

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Transport

Historical

The Yellow River and the Grand Canal both run through Dezhou, making it an important hub for cargo transit since ancient times. In antiquity, it was described as "Junction of Nine Arteries" (Template:Lang-zh) and "Portal of the Capital" (Template:Lang-zh).

Modern era

Dezhou is on the Shijiazhuang-Dezhou railway, the Shijiazhuang–Ji'nan railway, the Beijing–Shanghai railway, and the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway. In addition, a small single-track railway connects Dezhou with Dongying.

Dezhou serves as a key stop on the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway, providing exceptional transport links that enable travelers to make same-day return trips to both Beijing and Shanghai.

The main expressway passing Dezhou is the G3 Beijing–Taipei Expressway, running north–south from it. Other highways include the Dezhou–Shanghai Expressway, National Highway 104, and National Highway 105, offering connections in other directions.

G2 Beijing–Shanghai Expressway passes through the Laoling urban area and Linyi, making Laoling a sub-center of Dezhou.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Tourism

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Dezhou's biggest historical attraction is the tomb of Sultan Paduka Pahala of Sulu (Philippines), who died in Dezhou on his return journey from a visit to the Yongle Emperor in 1417.<ref name=":0" /> The tomb is well preserved and has been declared a national heritage site. Descendants of the sultan's Muslim followers still live in Dezhou today, and are classified as the Hui minority.

One of Dezhou's county Lingxian used to be a big county in China in history, when it was called Pingyuan County. Now part of the ancient city wall of Tang Dynasty still exists in the south of the region. Before the Three Kingdoms formed, one of the three emperors Liu Bei used to be the chief of the county, together with his fellows Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. In addition, it is the hometown of Dongfang Shuo, the most well-known adviser during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han. In the Tang Dynasty, a major figure of Chinese calligraphy, Yan Zhenqing, once took office as the administrator of the county. Today, a memorial hall for the two historic figures is built in the People's Park of Lingxian, where a lot of materials of Dongfang Shuo and stone inscriptions of Yan Zhenqing are preserved.

For tourist attractions, there is also a famous temple in Qingyun County. It is called Haidao Jinshan Temple, which is one of the biggest centers of Buddhism in Northern China. The most attractive scene is the underground aisle where the portrait of the hell is presented using high technology.

As the filming location for first-line film and television works, Laoling Film Studio has become a new tourist destination after opening to the public, providing an immersive interactive experience that allows tourists to experience the real scenes of film and television dramas.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Quancheng Oulebao is a large theme park and animal world, while Laoling Shiguang is a cultural park converted from an old factory in the last century, attracting many local and foreign tourists.

Industry

A new industrial zone hailed as the "Solar Valley" is being built for experimenting with clean-energy urban projects and massive use of household utilities such as solar-powered water-heaters. The Washington Post describes Dezhou's Solar Valley as the "clean-tech version of Silicon Valley".<ref>"With Solar Valley project, China embarks on bold green technology mission" by Andrew Higgins; Washington Post, May 17, 2010</ref>

Nowadays one of the biggest and most famous industries in Dezhou is solar energy industry, with two main corporations included—Himin Group (Template:Lang-zh) and its partner Ecco Solar Group (Template:Lang-zh). Dezhou increased its international reputation when it was selected to follow previous hosts,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Daegu, South Korea (2004), Oxford, UK (2006) and Adelaide, Australia (2008) as host of the 2010 International Solar City Congress.<ref>Himin sees more shine in Dezhou's Solar Valley China Daily</ref> Himin Group has developed into the world's largest solar water heater manufacturer and is also discovering new areas such as photoelectricity.

Greenpeace China cited Dezhou in May 2009 as an example of how renewable energy can become a more common reality throughout the world.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Dezhou houses the world's largest solar-powered office building, covering around 75,000 square meters.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>" "</ref> Dezhou also has semiconductor and sports equipment manufacturing industries.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> China's largest seasoning production base is located in Laoling, Dezhou.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The sports industry is an emerging industry in Dezhou, mainly focusing on the production of fitness equipment and sports equipment, competitive bicycle manufacturing, etc., mainly led by Laoling and Ningjin.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Dezhou is also rapidly developing its semiconductor industry and has introduced many advanced semiconductor companies.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Culture

As a city along the Grand Canal since ancient times, Dezhou's culture has developed alongside canal shipping and railways. As a traditional agricultural region, many of Dezhou's delicacies are deeply connected to the history and legends of the Qing Dynasty, such as the famous Dezhou Braised Chicken, Golden Silk Jujubes, and Daliu Noodles.

Dezhou Braised Chicken is the most famous dish in Dezhou.Template:Citation needed

Golden Silk Jujubes are the most famous agricultural product in Laoling, Dezhou, and an important carrier of agricultural culture.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Education

File:德州市第二中学.jpg
Dezhou No.2 Middle school High school
  • Dezhou University: a comprehensive university which was approved by the National Education Committee in March 2000. It is the aggregation of Dezhou Teachers’ College, Dezhou Education College and Evening College Municipality, which has a more than 30-year history. It currently offers postgraduate education.
  • Shandong Huayu Institute of Technology: a private science and engineering university offers 4-year undergraduate majors.
  • Dezhou Vocational and Technical College: a public vocational college in Dezhou, offers 3-year vocational majors.
  • Technological Vocational College of Dezhou: a private vocational college in Dezhou.
  • Dezhou Engineering Vocational College: a private polytechnic vocational college in Dezhou.
  • Shandong Vocational College of Culture and Arts: a public college for arts in Qihe county.

Notable people

Miscellaneous

Notes

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References

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Works cited

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