Donabe
Template:Short description Template:Italic title
Donabe (Japanese: 土鍋, literally "earthenware pot") are pots made out of a special clay for use over an open flame in Japanese cuisine, and in the case of semi-stoneware Banko ware of high petalite content.Template:Efn-lr Often, the food is cooked at the table on a gas burner for various nabemono dishes such as shabu-shabu and dishes served simmering including nabeyaki udon. They are sized by sun, one of the Japanese units of measurement.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The donabe is usually glazed on the insideTemplate:Efn-lr and porous on the outside. While the material is similar to earthenware or stoneware, donabe can be used over an open flame as well as in an oven if three precautions are taken. First, the outside of the donabe should be dry before use, as moisture within the clay will expand in the heat and may chip or crack the pot. Secondly, the pot should be heated gradually to reduce the possibility of cracks due to heat stress. Third, the pot should never be left over the flame while empty.
Donabe is a traditional cooking vessel.<ref name=":3">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=":5">Template:Cite book</ref> It is made from a clay that is porous and coarse.<ref name=":3"/><ref name=":5" />Template:Rp In the area around Iga, Iga-yaki (Iga-style) donabe, have been made since 1832;<ref name=":5"/>Template:Rp Iga-yaki pottery in general dates back to the 7th century and is highly valued.<ref name=":5" />Template:Rp It became particularly popular for donabe during the Edo Period.<ref name=":5" />Template:Rp The highest-quality donabe can take two weeks to make.<ref name=":5" />Template:Rp There are multiple styles of donabe made for the preparation of different dishes.<ref name=":5" />Template:Rp Donabe can be used over an open flame, and food is often served out of the donabe.<ref name=":5" />
A culture surrounding donabe developed called "nabe o kakomu", which means "surrounding the pot" or a communal meal.<ref name=":5" />Template:Rp The concept has been featured repeatedly in the media and in donabe cookbooks.<ref name=":5" />Template:Rp
With use, donabe develop a patina of crackling of the interior glaze called kannyu. This patina is valued as a sign of character.<ref name=":5" />Template:Rp
If properly treated, these pots should last for decades and a few special ones have survived for centuries. When a new donabe is obtained, one should let the donabe boil water for hours and dry before using it for cooking. Other sources suggest that the user should simply fill the donabe with water and let it sit overnight. This process should be repeated if the donabe has been unused for a long time.
In old ryoutei of Kyoto, decades-old donabe would be stored and only used for special guests. Young donabe would be used for preparing lunch menus and food for cooks, to age them for this purpose.
Donabe is produced by potters of Banko ware,<ref name=bankoyaki/> Iga ware,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Shigaraki ware,<ref name=shigaraki/> and Mashiko ware.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
The pots are made by kneading clay, then forming and trimming the formed vessels. They are partially dried and then knobs and handles applied. After another period of drying, they are fired, glazed, and fired again.<ref name=":5" />Template:Rp