Echeveria

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Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox

Echeveria is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Crassulaceae, native to semi-desert areas of Central America, Mexico and northwestern South America.

Description

Echeveria plants are evergreen. Flowers on short stalks (cymes) arise from compact rosettes of succulent fleshy, often brightly coloured leaves.<ref name=RHSAZ>Template:Cite book</ref> Species are polycarpic, meaning that they may flower and set seed many times over the course of their lifetimes. Often, numerous offsets are produced, and are commonly known as "hen and chicks", which can also refer to other genera, such as Sempervivum, that are significantly different from Echeveria.

Many species of Echeveria serve important environmental roles, such as those of host plants for butterflies. For example, the butterfly Callophrys xami uses several species of Echeveria, such as Echeveria gibbiflora, as suitable host plants. Even more, these plants are integral to the oviposition process of C. xami and some other butterfly species as well.<ref name="field guide to butterfly">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="ziegler butterflies">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Etymology

Echeveria is named for Atanasio Echeverría y Godoy, a botanical illustrator who contributed to Flora Mexicana.<ref name="gledhill">Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge University Press. Template:ISBN (hardback), Template:ISBN (paperback). p. 149</ref>

Taxonomy

The genus was erected by A. P. de Candolle in 1828, and is named after the 18th century Mexican botanical artist Atanasio Echeverría y Godoy. Template:As of, the genus consists of about 150 species, including genera such as Oliveranthus and Urbinia that have formerly been split off from Echeveria.

Molecular phylogenetic studies have repeatedly shown the genus not to be monophyletic: species of Echeveria cluster with species of Cremnophila, Graptopetalum, Pachyphytum, and Thompsonella as well as species of Sedum sect. Pachysedum. The former Urbinia species do appear to form a monophyletic group within this grouping.<ref name=CarrSosaMort09/><ref name=VazqSosaCarr17/> Although it is clear that Echeveria is not monophyletic, its limits are not clear, and further analyses are needed to determine whether and how the genus should be split, or if it should be included in an expanded concept of Sedum.<ref name=VazqSosaCarr17/>

Species

The International Crassulaceae Network accepts the following species:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Div col

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Cultivation

Many Echeveria species are popular as ornamental garden plants. They are drought-resistant, although they do better with regular deep watering and fertilizing. Most will tolerate shade and some frost, although hybrids tend to be less tolerant. Most lose their lower leaves in winter; as a result, after a few years, the plants lose their compact appearance and need to be re-rooted or propagated. In addition, if not removed, the shed leaves may decay, harboring fungus that can then infect the plant.

File:Echeveria lavi fg01.JPG
Echeveria laui - a species with round, glaucous leaves
File:Echeveria gibbiflora - HBG.jpg
E. gibbiflora
File:Echeveria nodulosa - Painted Echeveria.JPG
Echeveria nodulosa - painted echeveria

Propagation

They can be propagated easily by separating offsets, but also by leaf cuttings, and by seed if they are not hybrids.

Cultivars and Hybrids

Echeveria has been extensively bred and hybridized. The following is a selection of available plants. Template:Div col

  • 'Arlie Wright'
  • 'Black Prince'
  • 'Blue Heron'
  • 'Blue Surprise' (E. × gilva)
  • 'Crimson Tide'
  • 'Dondo'
  • 'Doris Taylor'
  • 'Ebony' (E. agavoides cultivar)
  • 'Frank Reinelt'
  • 'Hoveyi'
  • 'Lipstick' (E. agavoides cultivar)
  • 'Oliver' (E. pulvinata cultivar)
  • 'Opalina'
  • 'Painted Lady'
  • 'Perle von Nürnberg'
  • 'Paul Bunyan'
  • 'Red' (E. × gilva)
  • 'Ruberia'
  • 'Set-Oliver'
  • 'Tippy'
  • 'Victor Reiter' (E. agavoides cultivar)
  • 'Wavy Curls'
  • 'Worfield Wonder' (E. × derosa)

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Award winning

File:Echeveria Perle Von Nurnberg.jpg
Echeveria 'Perle von Nürnberg'

The following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Div col

  • Echeveria agavoides<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Echeveria chihuahuaensis<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Echeveria derenbergii<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Echeveria elegans<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Echeveria 'Perle von Nürnberg'<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Echeveria runyonii 'Topsy Turvy'<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Echeveria secunda var. glauca 'Compton Carousel'<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Echeveria setosa<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Echeveria × bombycina<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Formerly in Echeveria


References

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