Edward Clark (governor)

Template:Short description Template:Infobox officeholder Edward Clark (April 1, 1815Template:Spaced ndashMay 4, 1880) was the eighth governor of Texas. His term coincided with the beginning of the American Civil War.

Early life

Edward Clark was born on April 1, 1815, in New Orleans, Louisiana.<ref name=nationalgov>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=texaswooster>Template:Cite web</ref> His father was named Elijah Clark Jr.<ref name=texaswooster /> His paternal uncle, John Clark, served as the Governor of Georgia from 1819 to 1823.<ref name=texaswooster /> His paternal grandfather was Elijah Clarke.

Clark grew up in Georgia.<ref name=texaswooster /> After his father died in the 1830s, he moved to Montgomery, Alabama, with his mother and studied the law.<ref name=texaswooster />

Career

Clark moved to Texas in 1842 and set up a law practice.<ref name=nationalgov /> He served in the Texas Annexation Convention and two terms as a state representative in the Texas Legislature. During the Mexican–American War he served on the staff of Major General J. Pinckney Henderson and fought in the Battle of Monterrey.<ref name=texaswooster /> When the war ended, he served as secretary of state under Governor Elisha M. Pease and as lieutenant governor serving under Governor Sam Houston.<ref name=nationalgov /> When Sam Houston refused to take an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy, Clark became governor.<ref name=texaswooster />

File:Edward Clark house outbuilding in Austin, Texas.jpg

Slave quarters of Edward Clark's home in Austin. He enslaved nine people.<ref name=texaswooster />

Among Clark's first actions was to order the surrender of all fire arms and ammunition from private merchants to the state. Furthermore, all privately owned firearms were to be canvassed. Few weapons were ever turned in and most Texans did not comply for fear of future confiscation. (Lone Star by T.R. Fehrenbach, pg 353)

After losing the governor's race by 124 votes to Francis Lubbock, Clark became a colonel in the Texas militia during the American Civil War. In 1863 he joined the Confederate States Army and was commissioned colonel of the 14th Texas Infantry Regiment. He commanded the unit, as part of the Greyhound Division, until being wounded in the Battle of Pleasant Hill.<ref name=nationalgov /> A promotion to brigadier general was not confirmed by the Confederate Congress and he left the service; however, in 1865 he was made a brigadier in the militia. He fled briefly to Mexico at the end of the American Civil War, and returned home to Marshall, Texas.<ref name=nationalgov />

Personal life

File:Martha Melissa Evans Clark - Texas governors' wives (IA texasgovernorswi00jack) (page 46 crop).jpg

Martha Melissa Evans Clark

Clark married Lucy Long in 1840,<ref name=nationalgov /> but she died shortly after.<ref name=texaswooster /> He married Martha Melissa Evans in 1849.<ref name=nationalgov /><ref name=texaswooster /> They had four children, including:<ref name=nationalgov /><ref name=texaswooster />

• William Evans Clark (Apr 1849 in Marshall, Harrison County, Texas – Jun 1852 in same);
• John Evans Clark (30 Jan 1852 in Marshall, Harrison County, Texas – 9 Oct 1923 in same), who married twice and had at least three children;
• William Evans Alfred Clark (12 Jul 1853 – 9 Apr 1879); and
• Nannie M Clark (c. 1855 – 8 Jan 1913 Harrison County, Texas), m. 23 Nov 1881 in Harrison County to Daniel C Wallis (alias Wallace).

Death

Clark died on May 4, 1880, in Marshall, Texas.<ref name=nationalgov /><ref name=texaswooster /> His grave in the Marshall City Cemetery is marked with a historical marker.

See also

• List of American Civil War generals (Acting Confederate)