Eero Järnefelt

Template:Short description Template:About Template:Infobox artist Erik "Eero" Nikolai Järnefelt (8 November 1863 – 15 November 1937) was a Finnish painter and art professor. He is best known for his portraits and landscapes of the area around Koli National Park, in the North Karelia region of Finland. He was a medal winner at the Paris Exposition Universelle of 1889 and 1900, taught art at the University of Helsinki and was chairman of the Finnish Academy of Fine Arts.<ref name="kansallisbiografia">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="taloustaito">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="seura">Template:Cite web</ref>

Biography

He was the son of General Alexander Järnefelt and Baroness Elisabeth Järnefelt (née Clodt von Jürgensburg).<ref>Biography and appreciation Template:Webarchive @ Kultakausi.</ref> He came from a Swedish-speaking Finnophile family of artists, writers and composers descended from the Baltic aristocracy.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Several of his eight siblings also became well-known: Template:Ill (a literary critic), Arvid (a judge and writer), Armas (a composer and conductor) and Aino (wife of Jean Sibelius).<ref name="K">Brief biography @ Kansallisbiografia.</ref>

Portrait of Järnefelt by Akseli Gallen-Kallela, 1888

After graduating from a private academy, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts, Helsinki from 1874 to 1878, the Imperial Academy of Arts from 1883 to 1886 (where one of his teachers was his uncle, Mikhail Clodt), and the Académie Julian in Paris from 1886 to 1888, where he studied with Tony Robert-Fleury. A major influence was the Naturalism of Jules Bastien-Lepage.<ref name="K" />

Portrait by Gunnar Berndtson in 1892

Portrait of his wife Saimi by Järnefelt in 1895

In 1889, he married the actress Template:Ill. In 1892, he made his first trip to the area around Koli with Juhani Aho and his wife, the painter Venny Soldan-Brofeldt.<ref name="K" /> He was impressed with the scenery there and would continue to visit regularly until 1936.<ref name="europeana">Template:Cite web</ref>

In 1893, he traveled to Finland where he sketched and photographed agricultural workers which inspired his most famous painting, Under the Yoke (Burning the Brushwood).<ref>"Under The Yoke: The Story of Poverty (and Progress) Behind a Masterpiece" Foundation for Economic Education. Retrieved 2023-05-14.</ref> Later, he made several study trips; to Italy in 1894 and Crimea in 1899. That same year, he helped organize an international exhibition in Saint Petersburg, sponsored by Mir Iskusstva.

In 1901, he built a home that he named "Suviranta" (Summer Beach) at the artists' colony near Lake Tuusula, designed by Usko Nyström. He lived there only until 1917 when he moved to Helsinki, but it is still owned and used by his family.<ref>Suviranta Template:Webarchive @ Ainola.</ref>

Self-Portrait, unknown date

From 1902 to 1928, he taught drawing at the University of Helsinki. He was appointed professor there in 1912 and served as chairman of the Finnish Academy of Fine Arts.<ref name="K" /> His last major work was an altarpiece for the church in Raahe, which he completed in 1926. A major retrospective was held in 2013, which included several previously unknown works.

Selected paintings

Autumn Landscape of Lake Pielisjärvi, 1899 (fi)

See also

• Golden Age of Finnish Art

Further reading

• Pontus Grate and Nils Göran Hökby, ed. 1880-tal i nordiskt måleri [The 1880s in Nordic painting] (exh. cat., Stockholm: Nationalmuseum, 1985) Template:ISBN
• Leena Lindqvist (ed.), Taiteilijan tiellä – Eero Järnefelt 1863–1937 (The Artist's Path), Otava, 2002 Template:ISBN
• Marko Toppi (ed.), Eero ja Saimi Järnefeltin kirjeenvaihtoa ja päiväkirjamerkintöjä 1889–1914 (correspondence and diaries, vol.1), SKS, 2009 Template:ISBN
• Marko Toppi (ed.), Vain tosi on pysyväistä. Eero ja Saimi Järnefeltin kirjeenvaihtoa ja päiväkirjamerkintöjä 1915–1944 (correspondence and diaries, vol.2), SKS, 2013 Template:ISBN.
• Kirk Varnedoe, ed. Northern Light: Realism and Symbolism in Scandinavian Painting, 1880–1910 (exh. cat., New York, Brooklyn Museum of Art, 1982) ISBN Template:ISBN
• Ludwig Wennervirta: Eero Järnefelt, ja hänen aikansa 1863–1937 (Helsinki: Otava, 1950)

External links

• Arcadja Auctions: More works by Järnefelt
• Finnish 10 Euro Coin (2013) honoring Eero Järnefelt @ the Mint of Finland
• Europeana blog, from January 2020