English National Party

English National Party has been the name of various political parties of England, which have commonly called for a separate parliament for England.

The original ENP

History

The English National Party (ENP) was founded as the John Hampden New Freedom Party in 1966 by Frank Hansford-Miller. "John Hampden" was a reference to a leading parliamentarian from the English Civil War. In 1974, it was renamed the "English Nationalist Party".<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> It was defunct by 1981;<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> by this time, Hansford-Miller had left,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and he campaigned for the "Abolition of Rates Coalition" in the 1981 Greater London Council elections.<ref name=polgui88>Template:Cite book</ref>

The party's best known policy was advocating a devolved English parliament. Other policies included calling for the abolition of income tax, and an end to local authority housing. It was considered to be centre-right, and not racist.<ref name=polgui88 />

Performance

The party contested the first 1974 general election as the John Hampden New Freedom Party;<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> it contested the second 1974 and the 1979 general elections as the ENP.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Its best performance was at the second 1974 general election, where it fielded two candidates and secured 1,115 votes.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It achieved its greatest notability in April 1976, when it was joined by the Member of Parliament John Stonehouse, who had formerly represented the Labour Party and at the time was awaiting trial for fraud.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> However, Stonehouse was convicted and left Parliament in August of that year,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and the party did not stand a candidate in the subsequent by-election.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Other parties by the name

According to the far-right magazine Spearhead,<ref name=culfas>Template:Cite book</ref> a group called the English National Party was one of the small far-right organisations that joined the National Front shortly after it was formed in 1967.<ref name=culfas /><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

There have been several parties which have adopted the "English National Party" name. These include a far right organisation formed by Raymond Shenton which contested the 1984 Enfield Southgate by-election;<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> a party founded in around 1995 by Christopher Nickerson,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> which aimed for England to secede from the United Kingdom to support a sense of English national identity;<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and a party founded by Robin Tilbrook and James Alden in 1999, with the aim of securing a devolved English Parliament,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> which was later renamed the English Democrats Party in 2002, and then just the English Democrats in 2004.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

In April 1999, a group calling itself the "English National Party" was one of several different organisations which claimed responsibility for a nail-bomb attack in Brixton.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> David Copeland, who admitted to carrying out the bombing, said that the claims of responsibility were made by others to "try to steal his glory."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>