Erwin Hillier

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Template:Short description Template:EngvarB Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox person Erwin Hillier (2 September 1911 – 10 January 2005) was a German-born cinematographer known for his work in British cinema from the 1940s to 1960s.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Early career

Born in Germany to English-German Jewish parents (original surname Hiller)Template:Citation needed, he studied art in Berlin in the late 1920s. Impressed by Hillier's paintings, the director F. W. Murnau offered him a job as camera assistant on Tabu (1931), but Hillier's father intervened because of Murnau's homosexuality. Fortunately, Murnau recommended him to director Fritz Lang at UFA studios, who employed him on his classic M (1931).<ref name="Salwolke1997">Template:Cite book</ref> Soon after he moved to Britain to pursue a career in film.<ref name="SilverUrsini1999">Template:Cite book</ref>

In Britain, he worked as a camera assistant for Gaumont Pictures, where he worked with Hitchcock. He later moved to Elstree Studios, working on The Man Behind the Mask (1936) with Michael Powell,<ref name="Petrie1996">Template:Cite book</ref> who noted his "insane enthusiasm". His debut as cinematographer came with Lady from Lisbon (1942).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Work with The Archers

Impressed by his work on The Silver Fleet (1943) for their Archers Film Productions, Powell & Pressburger ('The Archers') hired Hillier as cinematographer on A Canterbury Tale (1944), a film about which Powell later said Hillier "did a marvellous job".<ref name="Lazar2003">Template:Cite book</ref> Despite Powell's recent work with the three-strip Technicolour film process, war shortages meant a return to the black-and-white stock with which Hillier was familiar. The film is a mixture of British realism and the German expressionist<ref name="Souto2007">Template:Cite book</ref> use of extreme light and shade which Hillier has been trained in,<ref name="Hauser2007">Template:Cite book</ref> and is remembered for its depiction of the English landscape.<ref name="HarperRayner2010">Template:Cite book</ref> In his autobiography, Powell recalled his obsession with clouds; he often begged for filming to be delayed until a cloud had appeared to break up a clear sky.<ref name="Powell2000">Template:Cite book</ref>

His next film I Know Where I'm Going! (1945), again with The Archers, continued the style of its predecessor. It features Hillier's technical accomplishments, including mixing studio shots with exteriors, concealing the fact that Roger Livesey, the film's male lead, was working in London while the film was being shot in Scotland.

With the war at an end, Powell & Pressburger at last had access to colour film. They asked Hillier to share cinematographic duties with the experienced Technicolor cameraman Jack Cardiff on A Matter of Life and Death. Unwilling to be sidelined, he declined, bringing his intensely creative partnership with Powell & Pressburger to an end.<ref name="Connelly2005">Template:Cite book</ref>

Post-war career

Hillier made his first colour film London Town (1946), starring Sid Field, although he often returned to work in black and white, typical of many British films of the 1940s and 1950s. His films retained a distinctive expressionist influence in both mediums.

He worked for director Michael Anderson on Private Angelo (1949), the first of many collaborations. The last was to be opulent The Shoes of the Fisherman (1968). Their best remembered film is The Dam Busters (1955), featuring some aerial photography by Hillier.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

He continued to work until 1970.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> He died in London in 2005, aged 93 leaving a widow, a daughter, and sister Gerda Ehrenzweig.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Selected filmography

References

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