Escaline

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Escaline (E), also known as 3,5-dimethoxy-4-ethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine and scaline families related to mescaline.<ref name="PiHKAL" /> It is the 4-ethoxy analogue of mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) and the phenethylamine (non-α-methyl) analogue of 3C-E (3,5-dimethoxy-4-ethoxyamphetamine).<ref name="PiHKAL" />

Use and effects

In his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved), Alexander Shulgin lists the dose range of escaline as 40 to 60Template:Nbspmg of the hydrochloride salt taken orally.<ref name="PiHKAL">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="HalberstadtChathaKlein2020" /> The duration is stated to be 8 to 12Template:Nbsphours, whereas the onset is not described.<ref name="PiHKAL" /> Escaline is approximately 5- to 8-fold more potent than mescaline.<ref name="BlaazerSmidKruse2008">Template:Cite journal</ref>

The effects of escaline have been described relatively limitedly but have been reported to include sensory enhancement without an intellectual component, little synthesis of external sensory inputs like music or visual stimuli, easy fantasy, rational thinking and insight, pleasantness, powerful and complex intoxication, pain relief, muscle tension, motor incoordination to the extent of not being able to walk or tie one's shoelaces, body tension that outweighed the desired psychoactive effects, tachycardia, dehydration, nightmares, and next-day hangover symptoms such as tiredness and low energy.<ref name="PiHKAL" />

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

The receptor interactions of escaline and analogues have been described.<ref name="KolaczynskaLuethiTrachsel2021">Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name="JainGumpperSlocum2025">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Escaline produces the head-twitch response, a behavioral proxy of psychedelic-like effects, in rodents.<ref name="HalberstadtChathaChapman2019">Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name="HalberstadtChathaKlein2020">Template:Cite journal</ref> It partially substitutes for LSD in rodent drug discrimination tests.<ref name="CasselsSáez-Briones2018">Template:Cite journal</ref>

History

Escaline was first synthesized and reported in the scientific literature by Benington and colleagues in 1954.<ref name="BeningtonMorinClarke1954">Template:Cite journal</ref> It was later re-examined in the laboratory of David E. Nichols, who prepared a series of mescaline analogues that included escaline, proscaline, and isoproscaline and published their work in 1977.<ref name="NicholsDyer1977">Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name="NicholsShulginDyer1977">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Society and culture

Legal status

Sweden

Escaline is illegal in Sweden as of 26 January 2016.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

United States

Escaline is a Schedule I controlled substance (DEA #7930) in the United States with the reason cited being that it is a positional isomer of 3,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA).<ref name="USDOJ">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

See also

• Substituted mescaline analogue

External links

• Escaline - Isomer Design
• Escaline - PsychonautWiki
• The Small & Handy Escaline Thread - Bluelight
• Escaline - PiHKAL - Erowid
• Escaline - PiHKAL - Isomer Design
• Leminger's Scalines - countyourculture

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