Eudyptula

The genus Eudyptula from Ancient Greek εὖ (eû), meaning "well", δύπτης (dúptes), meaning "diver", and Latin -ula, a diminutive suffix, contains two species of penguin, found in southern Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand (including the Chatham Islands). They are commonly known as the little penguin, little blue penguin, or, in Australia, fairy penguin. In the language of the Māori people of New Zealand, little penguins are known as Template:Lang.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

For many years, a white-flippered form of the little penguin found only in North Canterbury, New Zealand was considered either a separate species, Eudyptula albosignata, or just a subspecies, Eudyptula minor albosignata. Analysis of mtDNA revealed that Eudyptula falls instead into two groups: a western one, found along the southern coast of Australia and the Otago region of New Zealand, and another found in the rest of New Zealand.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> These two groups are now considered full species: Eudyptula novaehollandiae in Australia and Otago, and Eudyptula minor elsewhere.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> E. novaehollandiae probably arrived in New Zealand from Australia less than 500 years ago, following the local extinction of E. minor in Otago.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Classification

Order Sphenisciformes

• Family Spheniscidae
  • Genus Eudyptula
    • Eudyptula minor – little penguin
    • Eudyptula novaehollandiae – Australian little penguin
    • Template:ExtinctEudyptula wilsonae<ref name=Thomas />

Extant Species

Image	Scientific name	Common name	Distribution
File:Blue Penguin Kapiti.jpg	Eudyptula minor	little penguin	New Zealand, Chatham Islands
File:Eudyptula minor Bruny 1.jpg	Eudyptula novaehollandiae	Australian little penguin	Southern Australia, Otago

Fossil species

Image	Scientific name	Distribution
	Eudyptula wilsonae<ref name=Thomas />	Tangahoe Formation, Taranaki, New Zealand