Fajr (prayer)

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date2029 | date2030 | duration | ends | firsttime | frequency | holiday_name | image | image_size | imagesize | lasttime | litcolor | longtype | mdy | month | nickname | observances | observedby | official_name | relatedto | scheduling | significance | startedby | type | week_ordinal | weekday | module}} Template:Islam The fajr prayer,Template:Efn alternatively transliterated as fadjr prayer, and also known as the subh prayer,Template:EfnTemplate:Efn is one of the five daily mandatory Islamic prayers (salah). Consisting of two rak'a ("bows"), it is performed between the break of dawn and sunrise.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> It is one of two prayers mentioned by name in the Qur'an.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Due to its timing, Islamic belief holds the fajr prayer to be of great importance. During the Islamic holy month of Ramadan, Muslims begin fasting with the fajr prayer.

Performance

The fajr prayer consists of two compulsory (fardh) units of prayer (rak'a). In addition, the voluntary sunnah prayer consists of two units of prayer and can be performed before the compulsory prayer.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In fajr, Al-Fatiha and the additional surah are to be read aloud (jahr), as during Maghrib and Isha.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> It is commonly performed silently when waking up in the morning.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

The prayer includes wudu (ritual purification) and salat (ritual prayer).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Fajr replaced salat al-duha as the morning prayer before the five prayers were standardized.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Textual references

Qur'an

Qur'an 11:114 commands Muhammad to recite at dawn.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> This verse is taken as foundational for prescribing the times for prayer.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

In Qur'an 17:78, dawn is one of the three times that prayer is to be performed.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> According to Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti's commentary on angels (Al-Haba'ik fi Akhbar al-Mala'ik), this verse describes the witnessing of dawn prayer by the angels of the day and the night.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Timings

The timings for the prayer are prescribed by the hadith.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

School	Start time	End time
Ahmadi Islam	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> || a few minutes before sunrise <ref name=":2" />
Quranist Islam	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":4">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name=":5">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> || sunrise <ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" />
Shia Islam	true dawn<ref name=":0" />	sunrise <ref name=":0" />
Sunni Islam	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> || sunrise; in the Maliki school, until ifsar or until sunrise with a valid excuse <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

See also

The other Islamic obligatory prayers, which are, in chronological order following the fajr prayer: Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha.

• Sunnah and nafl prayers – optional prayers performed by Muslims, some of which are performed before or after the obligatory prayers
• Shacharit – the Jewish morning prayer